BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2366
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          Date of Hearing:   April 21, 2010

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                                Julia Brownley, Chair
                   AB 2366 (Brownley) - As Amended:  April 6, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Education finance: revenue limits

           SUMMARY  :   Mitigates unintended consequences created by the  
          interaction between the current economic recession and changes  
          to revenue limit calculations that are required to be  
          implemented commencing in the 2010-11 fiscal year.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Defers implementation of a school district revenue limit  
            adjustment related to the Meals for Needy Pupils program from  
            the 2010-11 fiscal year to the 2013-14 fiscal year.

          2)Extends the authorization of the Meals for Needy Pupils  
            program until July 1, 2013.

          3)Makes a technical correction in the calculation that applies a  
            cost of living adjustment to the revenue limit add-on  
            adjustments for beginning teacher's salaries and the Meals for  
            Needy Pupils program to be implemented in the 2011-12 and the  
            2013-14 fiscal years, respectively.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides for revenue limit funding for school districts that  
            is based on a per pupil base revenue limit multiplied by  
            average daily attendance (ADA).

          2)Defines base revenue limit for any school district to be equal  
            to the prior year amount adjusted to account for  
            cost-of-living increases and any other adjustment specified by  
            statute (e.g., an adjustment implementing revenue limit  
            equalization).

          3)Defines ADA to be calculated by dividing the number of days of  
            attendance for all pupils enrolled in the district by the  
            number of instructional days in the district's FY, and a day  
            of attendance as a minimum number of instructional minutes  
            (specific to grade level) in a classroom setting under the  
            immediate supervision of a certificated employee of the school  








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            district. 

          4)Adjusts revenue limit funding further by making adjustments,  
            as specified in statute, for individual programs or district  
            characteristics; these adjustments are collectively referred  
            to as revenue limit add-ons.

          5)Requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI) to  
            compute an amount for each school district equal to the sum of  
            funding received in fiscal year (FY) 2007-08 for the Meals for  
            Needy Pupils program [Education Code (EC) Section 42241.2],  
            and incentives to increase beginning teachers salaries (EC  
            Section 45023.4), all divided by the district's ADA; also  
            applies an annual cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) to this  
            amount.

          6)Requires the SPI to compute an amount for each school district  
            equal to the sum of funding received in FY 2007-08 for Orange  
            County bankruptcy proceedings (EC Section 42238.21), and  
            inter-district transfers (EC Section 42238.22), all divided by  
            the district's ADA.

          7)Computes total revenue limit funding for each school district,  
            commencing in the 2010-11 fiscal year, by multiplying the sum  
            of the base revenue limit and the amounts calculated in 5) and  
            6) above by ADA.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, this bill is intended to  
          relieve the effects of an unintended consequence of AB 851  
          (Brownley), Chapter 374, Statutes of 2009, that was created by  
          the current economic recession; the bill accomplishes this by  
          deferring the implementation of one of the provisions of AB 851  
          until the 2013-14 fiscal year.

          In order to conform to the court's decision in Serrano v.  
          Priest, the state created the current school district revenue  
          limit system that combines local property tax revenues with  
          state General Fund aid and allows the state to control the two  
          revenue sources on a per pupil basis.  Each district's base  
          revenue limit has been determined by a series of historical  
          actions based on statute.  Each year a district's base revenue  
          limit is calculated to be its prior year base revenue limit  
          adjusted in that year to account for cost-of-living increases  








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          and other adjustments such as equalization.  This base revenue  
          limit is then multiplied by ADA to convert the per pupil base to  
          a total level of funding.  Further adjustments are made to total  
          revenue limit funding in the form of revenue limit "add-ons."   
          These adjustments initially were categorical funding programs,  
          but have become simply additions to discretionary funding  
          without any spending restrictions.  Many of these add-ons  
          provide a proportionally equal amount of funding to all or  
          nearly all districts each year, and/or provide an amount that  
          does not vary over time to some subset of districts.

          AB 851 incorporates, commencing in the 2010-11 fiscal year, two  
          of these revenue limit add-ons (Meals for Needy Pupils program  
          and incentives to increase beginning teachers' salaries), into a  
          single, fixed adjustment based on 2007-08 funding levels, and  
          consolidates two additional revenue limit add-ons (adjustments  
          for Orange County bankruptcy proceedings, and specified  
          inter-district transfers) into a separate, fixed adjustment;  
          both adjustments are included in the calculation of each  
          district's total revenue limit funding, but not in the base  
          revenue limit.  The slightly different treatment given to the  
          two sets of add-ons resulted from the fact that the first group  
          of add-ons has historically had the annual revenue limit COLA  
          applied, while the second group has not; thus the two  
          adjustments are treated separately, and the revenue limit COLA  
          is applied to the first adjustment in a manner consistent with  
          historical practice.  AB 851 simplifies and provides additional  
          transparency for the state's education finance system, in a  
          manner consistent with the Getting Down to Facts studies  
          released in 2007.  The intent of AB 851 was to accomplish this  
          in a cost neutral manner; the bill was analyzed at the time in  
          both houses and by the Department of Finance to be cost neutral.  
           The bill also had no opposition during its progress through the  
          Legislature.

          Incorporation and consolidation of revenue limit add-ons makes  
          sense in that often the funding has lost all historical  
          connection to the program as it initially existed, the add-ons  
          merely add revenue limit funding in a complicated fashion even  
          though that revenue may be used for any discretionary purpose,  
          the amounts received vary little from year to year, or the  
          annual process for calculating funding levels is complicated and  
          cumbersome.  The Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) has often  
          recommended to the Legislature that a number of revenue limit  
          add-ons, including those specified in this bill, be rolled into  








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          revenue limit funding.

          The Meals for Needy Pupils was one of those add-ons addressed by  
          AB 851.  This program provides funding to districts that enacted  
          property tax levies to support free or reduced-price meals prior  
          to Proposition 13 and subsequently lost that funding with the  
          passage of Proposition 13.  Despite the name of the program, the  
          districts receiving these funds have complete freedom over the  
          use of the funds and are not obligated to use the revenues to  
          pay for subsidized meals.  Districts currently receive other  
          state and federal categorical funding that must be used only for  
          subsidized meals.  Historically funding levels, based on meals  
          provided to eligible pupils, were relatively stable over time.   
          However, the current recession has dramatically increased the  
          number of families in poverty, and thus the number of pupils  
          eligible for subsidized meals.  The larger number of meals would  
          qualify school districts for greater levels of reimbursement  
          funding during this recession, however, the implementation of  
          the AB 851 changes, commencing in 2010-11, will prevent this and  
          hold funding fixed at 2007-08 levels.  According to a draft  
          analysis compiled by School Services of California this effect  
          will potentially impact funding for more than 300 districts by a  
          total of more than $16 million, in terms of funding that would  
          be received below what the districts would have received without  
          the provisions of AB 851.

          This bill reduces the impact of the interaction between the  
          implementation of the provisions of AB 851 that deal with the  
          Meals for Needy Pupils program and the current economic downturn  
          by deferring the implementation of those provisions until the  
          2013-14 fiscal year.  It is hoped that a three year delay will  
          allow economic circumstances, the number of pupils eligible for  
          subsidized meals, and the number of meals to return to the  
          pre-recession stable levels.  This bill also changes the repeal  
          date for the Meals for Needy Pupils program to July 1, 2013 so  
          as to conform to the delay in implementing the funding  
          adjustment.  In addition, the bill makes a technical correction  
          to the calculation of the cost of living adjustment applied to  
          the revenue limit add-on for the Meals for Needy Pupils program  
          and beginning teacher's salary incentives.

          Committee amendments:  Committee staff recommends that a  
          drafting error in the bill be corrected so that page 3, line 6  
          makes reference to the 2012-13 fiscal year, rather than the 2012  
          fiscal year.








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          Previous legislation:  AB 851 (Brownley), Chapter 374, Statutes  
          of 2009, consolidates four revenue limit add-ons into two fixed  
          adjustments to be included in each district's total revenue  
          limit funding, commencing with the 2010-11 fiscal year.  AB 599  
          (Mullin), vetoed in 2008, was substantially similar to AB 851,  
          except that it also included longer day-longer year incentive  
          funding in the fixed adjustment that receives the annual COLA.   
          A number of bills have proposed rolling revenue limit add-ons  
          into revenue limit funding as part of a larger proposal to  
          reform or equalize revenue limits, or to consolidate categorical  
          funding; in general these bills have had opposition related more  
          to the larger proposal than to the treatment of add-ons:  AB  
          2531 (Mullin), vetoed in 2006; AB 60 (Nunez), held in the  
          Assembly Appropriations Committee in 2005; SB 1510 (Alpert),  
          held on the Assembly Floor in 2004; AB 2153 (Daucher), held in  
          the Assembly Appropriations Committee in 2004.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   
           Support 
           None on file
          Opposition 
           None on file
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gerald Shelton / ED. / (916) 319-2087