BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2521
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          Date of Hearing:  April 20, 2010

                           ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON JUDICIARY
                                  Mike Feuer, Chair
                AB 2521 (Torrico) - As Introduced:  February 19, 2010

                             As Proposed to be Amended  
           
          SUBJECT  :  COURTS: AUDITS

           KEY ISSUE  :  SHOULD THE STATE CONTROLLER BE REQUIRED TO PERFORM  
          ANNUAL FINANCIAL AUDITS OF THE TRIAL COURTS AND THE  
          ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE COURTS?  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  As currently in print this bill is keyed fiscal.

                                      SYNOPSIS
                                          
          The bill, sponsored by Service Employees International Union  
          (SEIU), seeks to increase accountability and transparency of the  
          judiciary by requiring the Controller to conduct annual  
          financial audits of all funds and accounts under the  
          jurisdiction and control of each of the trial courts and the  
          Administrative Office of the Court (AOC).  To enhance government  
          accountability, the results of these audits will be reported  
          annually to the Legislature, the Judicial Council and the  
          Department of Finance.  The author writes that this bill is  
          necessary to "increase good government transparency and  
          independent oversight of taxpayer funds which support the  
          judiciary. . . . In this time of severe cutback, maximum  
          transparency is paramount to maintain the public's trust in  
          government services."  

          The bill is supported by various labor organizations.  It is  
          opposed by the Judicial Council, unless it is funded.  The  
          Judicial Council also raises some concern about the scope of the  
          trial court audits, but does not oppose the policy objectives of  
          the bill.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the Controller to audit annually the finances  
          of the trial courts and the Administrative Office of the Courts  
          (AOC).  Specifically,  this bill  :

          1)Requires the State Controller, in addition to any other  
            required audit, to perform an audit of each trial court on or  
            before December 15, 2012 and annually thereafter.  Requires  







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            the audit to include a review of all funds and accounts under  
            the jurisdiction and control of the trial court.  Requires  
            that this audit be in addition to any other audit regularly  
            conducted by the Controller.  Requires the Controller, in  
            consultation with the Judicial Council and the trial courts,  
            to develop an audit template and guide for these audits.   
            Requires the audits to be paid for by each trial court. 

          2)Requires the Controller to compile all the trial court audit  
            findings and report these results to the Legislature, the  
            Judicial Council and the Department of Finance by April 1st of  
            each year.   

          3)Requires the Controller, beginning February 1, 2012 and  
            annually thereafter, to perform an audit of the AOC, including  
            a review of all funds under the jurisdiction and control of  
            the AOC and the Judicial Council.  Requires the AOC to  
            reimburse the Controller for any costs incurred by the audit.   


          4)Requires the Controller to report the results of the AOC audit  
            to the Legislature, the Judicial Council and the Department of  
            Finance by April 1st of each year.

          5)Allows the Judicial Council to inspect, review and perform  
            comprehensive oversight and analysis of all court financial  
            records, wherever they may be located, and investigate  
            allegations of financial impropriety or mismanagement.   
            Provides that this authority shall not substitute for, or  
            conflict with, the authority of the Controller to conduct  
            annual financial audits of the trial courts pursuant to #1,  
            above.

           EXISTING LAW  :  

          1)Allows the Judicial Council to regulate the budget and fiscal  
            management of the trial courts.  Requires the Judicial  
            Council, in consultation with the Controller, to maintain  
            appropriate regulations for recordkeeping and accounting by  
            the courts to ensure the fiscal affairs of the court are  
            managed efficiently, effectively and responsibly; and all  
            funds collected by the courts and all revenues and  
            expenditures of court operations are known.  Allows Judicial  
            Council to delegate this authority to the AOC.  (Government  
            Code Section 77206.  Unless stated otherwise, all further  
            statutory references are to this code.)







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          2)Allows the Controller, at the request of the Legislature, to  
            perform financial and fiscal compliance audits of the reports  
            of court revenues and expenditures.  Requires the Controller  
            to report the results of these audits to the Legislature and  
            the Judicial Council.  (Id.)

          3)Allows the Judicial Council, or its representative, to perform  
            audits and reviews of all court financial records.  (Id.)

          4)Provides that all salaries and expenses incurred by the  
            Judicial Council shall be paid by funds appropriated for use  
            by the Judicial Council.  Provides that the salary and  
            expenses of the Judicial Council shall be approved in a manner  
            the Judicial Council directs and shall be audited by the  
            Controller, as provided.  (Section 68506.)

          5)Provides the Judicial Council with the ultimate responsibility  
            to adopt a budget and allocate funding for the trial courts  
            to, among other things, promote implementation of statewide  
            policies and promote immediate implementation of efficiencies  
            in order to guarantee equal access to the courts.  (Section  
            68502.5.)

          6)Requires the State Auditor to examine and report annually upon  
            the financial statements otherwise prepared by the executive  
            branch of the state so that the Legislature and the public  
            will be informed of the adequacy of those financial statements  
            in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles.   
            (Section 8546.3.)

           COMMENTS  :  This bill, sponsored by SEIU, seeks to establish  
          regular, independent audits of the trial courts and the AOC.   
          The author writes that this bill is necessary to "increase good  
          government transparency and independent oversight of taxpayer  
          funds which support the judiciary. . . . In this time of severe  
          cutback, maximum transparency is paramount to maintain the  
          public's trust in government services."

           History of Trial Court Funding  :  Originally, trial courts were  
          county entities.  Before state funding was instituted, trial  
          courts were required to seek appropriations from both the board  
          of supervisors in their counties and the state.  Frequently, the  
          state and the county operated on different fiscal-year systems  
          and used different budgeting systems.  Courts usually had to  
          compete for scarce dollars, and the economic health of their  







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          particular communities affected their success.  The Trial Court  
          Realignment and Efficiency Act of 1991 and later the  
          Lockyer-Isenberg Trial Court Funding Act of 1997, AB 233  
          (Escutia/Pringle), Chap. 850, Stats. 1997, created a more stable  
          funding base for the state's trial courts by requiring the state  
          to assume the full responsibility for funding the courts.  In  
          transferring responsibility for funding the courts from the  
          counties to the state, the Legislature recognized that such  
          funding is necessary to provide stable and adequate funding,  
          uniform standards and procedures, economies of scale, and  
          structural efficiency.  It also enhanced equal access to justice  
          by removing disparities resulting from the varying ability of  
          individual counties to meet the operating needs of the courts.

           The Current Budget Crisis Has Forced Dramatic Cutbacks to Court  
          Operations  :  As a result of the state budget crisis, all  
          government entities have been struggling to provide critical  
          services in the wake of reduced funding, and the courts are no  
          exception.  To contend with dramatic funding cuts, courts have  
          reduced staff, reduced service levels and even closed one day a  
          month.  In the midst of these dramatic and unprecedented  
          reductions, it is more important than ever to ensure that  
          pertinent government entities, affected employees and of course  
          the public have accurate financial information on which to base  
          difficult budget decisions.  

           Current Court Audits  :  Existing law gives the AOC the authority  
          to audit all the trial courts.  According to the Judicial  
          Council, the AOC currently performs a comprehensive audit of all  
          trial courts every four years.  These comprehensive audits,  
          reports the Judicial Council, are more in-depth than the  
          financial audits contemplated by this bill, testing financial  
          components at a highly detailed level and also reviewing each  
          court's compliance with required rules and standards.  These  
          comprehensive audits are labor intensive and can take months to  
          complete, but the Judicial Council believes they are important  
          to the fiscal and operational integrity of the courts.

          In addition to these audits, the Bureau of State Audits also  
          does an annual financial audit of all state entities, including  
          the courts.  This audit includes a review of financial  
          statements, internal controls over financial reporting and  
          compliance with federal program requirements.  However, since  
          the courts are a comparatively small part of the overall state  
          budget, the courts make up only a very small part of the  
          Auditor's full statewide audit. 







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          The Controller also, at the request of the Legislature, may  
          perform financial and fiscal compliance audits of the reports of  
          court revenues and expenditures.  Currently, the Controller  
          audits the fees, fines and forfeitures collected by each trial  
          court on a four to five year cycle.  

          In addition, the Judicial Council has informed the Committee  
          that it is currently seeking to enter into an agreement with the  
          Department of Finance, Office of State Audits to perform  
          periodic audits of the AOC.  These audits reportedly would  
          include reviewing (1) the reliability and integrity of financial  
          and operating information; (2) the systems established to ensure  
          compliance with laws and regulations; (3) the safeguarding of  
          assets; and (4) the economy and efficiency with which resources  
          are acquired, protected and employed.  It is anticipated that  
          this audit would be quite similar to the Controller audit of the  
          AOC proposed by this bill. 

           This Bill Establishes Independent Annual Audits for the Trial  
          Courts and the AOC  :  This bill seeks to increase accountability  
          and transparency of the judiciary by requiring the Controller to  
          conduct annual financial audits of all funds and accounts under  
          the jurisdiction and control of each of the trial courts and the  
          AOC.  

          Under this bill, the Controller, in consultation with the  
          Judicial Council and the trial courts, will develop an audit  
          template and an audit guide for the audits of the trial courts.   
          The template and guide should ensure that each trial court is  
          audited in the same way, reviewing the same information.  The  
          first round of trial court audits will be completed by December  
          15, 2012 and then annually thereafter.  Under the terms of the  
          bill, as proposed to be amended, the Controller will then  
          compile the audit findings and report the results to the  
          Legislature, the Judicial Council and the Department of Finance  
          by April 1st of each year.  The bill requires each trial court  
          to pay for its own audit.

          The bill also requires the Controller to conduct an audit of all  
          funds under the control or jurisdiction of the AOC by February  
          1, 2012 and then annually thereafter.  Like the trial court  
          audits, the results of the AOC audit are to be sent to the  
          Legislature, the Judicial Council and the Department of Finance  
          by April 1st of each year.  The AOC is required to pay for this  
          audit.







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          The Judicial Council will continue to be able to inspect, review  
          and perform comprehensive oversight and analysis of all court  
          financial records and investigate allegations of financial  
          impropriety or mismanagement.  However, in order to prevent  
          duplicative or overlapping functions, the bill specifies that  
          the Judicial Council's authority cannot substitute for, or  
          conflict with, the Controller's authority to conduct annual  
          financial audits of the trial courts.  

           Judicial Council Raises Some Concerns About the Uncertainty of  
          the Scope of the Annual Audits  :  While the Judicial Council  
          opposes the bill unless it is adequately funded, an issue more  
          appropriate for the Appropriations Committee, the Judicial  
          Council does not oppose the policy objectives of the bill.  The  
          Judicial Council does, however, raise concerns about the unclear  
          scope of these annual audits.  Explains Judicial Council:

               The Judicial Council does not oppose the policy objectives  
               of the bill, and in fact supports the need for transparency  
               and accountability for the use of public funds. . . .The  
               Judicial Council has concerns, however, about the lack of  
               clarity on the scope of the audits proposed. To the extent  
               these audits would involve extensive fieldwork or other  
               audit work resulting in State Controller spending weeks or  
               months at each trial court or significantly impacting staff  
               time, the Judicial Council believes annual audits to be  
               excessive and unduly burdensome. The workload on trial  
               court staff simply to assist in the audit could be  
               significant, diverting court staff from other work and  
               functions they need to perform. At a time with unparalleled  
               vacancy rates and staff doing more with less, significant  
               additional workload would be untenable. According to the  
               sponsor of AB 2521, local school districts, cities, and  
               counties are audited annually. The type of annual audits  
               these entities undergo are generally referred to as  
               financial statement opinion audits (as required, for  
               example under Government Code section 25250 et seq. for  
               counties). To the extent the bill is envisioning the  
               Controller performing an audit along these lines, which  
               would not involve significant work in the courts, or a  
               substantial devotion of court staff resources, the council  
               would not object to these annual audits.  The same concerns  
               exist with regard to the proposed annual audit of the AOC.   
               The Judicial Council looks forward to working with the  
               author, sponsor, committee staff, and the Controller to  







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               provide the necessary specificity as to the scope of the  
               audits.

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :  In support of the bill, SEIU writes:

               This bill is an effort to establish government transparency  
               and independent oversight of taxpayer funds which support  
               the judiciary.  At present, there are no mandates for the  
               trial courts or the AOC to undergo independent, regular and  
               comprehensive financial audits. . . .

               In this dire economic time taxpayers especially want to  
               know and deserve to know how tax dollars are being used and  
               if those dollars are being used wisely and prudently.   
               Fiscal transparency is a major underpinning of the American  
               system of government which ought to be applied to the  
               judiciary if meaningful trust with the public is to be  
               established.  AB 2521 would simply bring the judiciary into  
               the basic framework for government accountability and  
               transparency.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Service Employees International Union (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees  
          (AFSCME), AFL-CIO
          California Official Court Reporters Association
          Laborers' International Union of North America Local 777
          Laborers' International Union of North America Local 792
          Professional and Technical Engineers, IFPTE Local 21
          San Diego County Court Employees Association

           Opposition 
           
          Judicial Council (unless funded)
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :   Leora Gershenzon / JUD. / (916) 319-2334