BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2673
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          Date of Hearing:   April 20, 2010
          Counsel:        Gabriel Caswell


                         ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                                 Tom Ammiano, Chair

                    AB 2673 (Nielsen) - As Amended:  April 8, 2010
           

          SUMMARY  :  Prevents parolees from being released on non-revocable  
          parole if they have been identified as gang members, as  
          specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)States that parolees required to register as gang members are  
            not eligible for non-revocable parole.  

          2)Specifies that parolees who have been identified by the  
            Department of Justice as being affiliated with a criminal  
            street gang pursuant to the CALGANG program are ineligible for  
            non-revocable parole.  

          3)Provides that parolees who have been identified by a local law  
            enforcement agency as being affiliated with a criminal street  
            gang are ineligible for non-revocable parole.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides that notwithstanding any other provision of law, CDCR  
            shall not return to prison, place a parole hold, or report any  
            parole violation to the Board of Parole Hearings regarding any  
            person to whom all of the following criteria apply: 

             a)   The person is not required to register as a sex  
               offender, as specified;  

             b)   The person was not committed to prison for a serious  
               felony or a violent felony (strikes), and does not have a  
               prior conviction for a serious felony or a violent felony  
               (strikes);

             c)   The person was not committed to prison for a sexually  
               violent offense, as defined, and does not have a prior  
               conviction for a sexually violent offense, as defined;









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             d)   The person was not found guilty of a serious  
               disciplinary offense, as defined in regulation by CDCR,  
               during his or her current term of imprisonment;

             e)   The person is not a validated prison gang member or  
               associate, as defined in regulation by CDCR;

             f)   The person did not refuse to sign any written  
               notification of parole requirements or conditions,  
               including, but not limited to, the written notification of  
               requirements, as specified; and,

             g)   The person was evaluated by CDCR using a validated risk  
               assessment tool and was not determined to pose a high risk  
               to re-offend.  (Penal Code Section 3000.03)

          2)States that whenever any person confined to state prison is  
            serving a term for the conviction of a violent felony, the  
            Board of Prison Terms (BPT) or the Department of Corrections  
            (DOC) shall notify the sheriff or chief of police, or both,  
            and the district attorney, who has jurisdiction over the  
            community in which the person was convicted and, in addition,  
            the sheriff or chief of police, or both, and the district  
            attorney, having jurisdiction over the community in which the  
            person is scheduled to be released on parole or re-released  
            following a period of confinement pursuant to a parole  
            revocation without a new commitment.  [Penal Code Section  
            3058.6(a).]

             a)   Provides that the notification shall be made by mail at  
               least 45 days prior to the scheduled release date, except  
               as provided.  In all cases, the notification shall include  
               the name of the person who is scheduled to be released,  
               whether or not the person is required to register with  
               local law enforcement, and the community in which the  
               person will reside. The notification shall specify the  
               office within DOC with the authority to make final  
               determination and adjustments regarding parole location  
               decisions.  [Penal Code Section 3058.6(b)(1).]  

             b)   States that notwithstanding any other provision of law,  
               DOC shall not restore credits nor take any administrative  
               action resulting in an inmate being placed in a greater  
               credit earning category that would result in notification  
               being provided less than 45 days prior to an inmate's  








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               scheduled release date.  [Penal Code Section 3058.6(b)(2).]  
                

             c)   Provides when notification cannot be provided within the  
               45 days due to the unanticipated release date change of an  
               inmate as a result of an order from the court, an action by  
               the BPT, the granting of an administrative appeal, or a  
               finding of not guilty or dismissal of a disciplinary  
               action, that affects the sentence of the inmate, or due to  
               a modification of DOC's decision regarding the community  
               into which the person is scheduled to be released as  
               specified, DOC shall provide notification as soon as  
               practicable, but in no case less than 24 hours after the  
               final decision is made regarding where the parolee will be  
               released.  [Penal Code Section 3058.6(b)(3).]  

             d)   Those agencies receiving the notice referred to in this  
               subdivision may provide written comment to the BPT or DOC  
               regarding the impending release.  Agencies that choose to  
               provide written comments shall respond within 30 days prior  
               to the inmate's scheduled release, unless an agency  
               received less than 45 days' notice of the impending  
               release, in which case the agency shall respond as soon as  
               practicable prior to the scheduled release.  Those comments  
               shall be considered by the BPT or DOC which may, based on  
               those comments, modify its decision regarding the community  
               in which the person is scheduled to be released.  DOC shall  
               respond in writing not less than 15 days prior to the  
               scheduled release with a final determination as to whether  
               to adjust the parole location and documenting the basis for  
               its decision, unless DOC received comments less than 30  
               days prior to the impending release, in which case DOC  
               shall respond as soon as practicable prior to the scheduled  
               release.  The comments shall become a part of the inmate's  
               file.  [Penal Code Section 3058.6(b)(4).]  

             e)   Provides that if the court orders the immediate release  
               of an inmate, DOC shall notify the sheriff or chief of  
               police, or both, and the district attorney, having  
               jurisdiction over the community in which the person was  
               convicted and, in addition, the sheriff or chief of police,  
               or both, and the district attorney, having jurisdiction  
               over the community in which the person is scheduled to be  
               released on parole at the time of release.  [Penal Code  
               Section 3058.6(c).]  








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          3)States that except as otherwise provided in this section, an  
            inmate who is released on parole shall be returned to the  
            county that was the last legal residence of the inmate prior  
            to his or her incarceration.  For purposes of this  
            subdivision, "last legal residence" shall not be construed to  
            mean the county wherein the inmate committed an offense while  
            confined in a state prison or local jail facility or while  
            confined for treatment in a state hospital.  [Penal Code  
            Section 3003(a).]  

          4)States that an inmate may be returned to another county if  
            that would be in the best interests of the public.  If the  
            Board of Parole Hearings setting the conditions of parole for  
            inmates sentenced as specified and as determined by the parole  
            consideration panel, or CDCR setting the conditions of parole  
            for inmates decides on a return to another county, it shall  
            place its reasons in writing in the parolee's permanent record  
            and include these reasons in the notice to the sheriff or  
            chief of police. In making its decision, the paroling  
            authority shall consider, among others, the following factors,  
            giving the greatest weight to the protection of the victim and  
            the safety of the community [Penal Code Section 3003(b)]:

             a)   The need to protect the life or safety of a victim, the  
               parolee, a witness, or any other person;

             b)   Public concern that would reduce the chance that the  
               inmate's parole would be successfully completed;

             c)   The verified existence of a work offer, or an  
               educational or vocational training program;

             d)   The existence of family in another county with whom the  
               inmate has maintained strong ties and whose support would  
               increase the chance that the inmate's parole would be  
               successfully completed;

             e)   The lack of necessary outpatient treatment programs for  
               parolees receiving treatment, as specified; and,

             f)   In determining an out-of-county commitment, CDCR shall  
               give priority to the safety of the community and any  
               witnesses and victims.









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          5)Provides in making its decision about an inmate who  
            participated in a joint venture program, the paroling  
            authority shall give serious consideration to releasing him or  
            her to the county where the joint venture program employer is  
            located if that employer states to the paroling authority that  
            he or she intends to employ the inmate upon release.  [Penal  
            Code Section 3003(d).]  

          6)The following information, if available, shall be released by  
            CDCR to local law enforcement agencies regarding a paroled  
            inmate who is released in their jurisdictions [Penal Code  
            Section 3003(e)(1)]:

             a)   Last, first, and middle name.

             b)   Birth date.

             c)   Sex, race, height, weight, and hair and eye color.

             d)   Date of parole and discharge.

             e)   Registration status, if the inmate is required to  
               register as a result of a controlled substance, sex, or  
               arson offense.

             f)   California Criminal Information Number, Federal Bureau  
               of Investigation number, social security number, and  
               driver's license number.

             g)   County of commitment.

             h)   A description of scars, marks, and tattoos on the  
               inmate.

             i)   Offense or offenses for which the inmate was convicted  
               that resulted in parole in this instance.

             j)   Address, including all of the following information:

               i)     Street name and number. Post office box numbers are  
                 not acceptable for purposes of this subparagraph.

               ii)    City and ZIP Code.

               iii)   Date that the address provided pursuant to this  








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                 subparagraph was proposed to be effective.

             aa)  Contact officer and unit, including all of the following  
               information:

               i)     Name and telephone number of each contact officer.

               ii)    Contact unit type of each contact officer such as  
                 units responsible for parole, registration, or county  
                 probation.

             bb)  A digitized image of the photograph and at least a  
               single digit fingerprint of the parolee.

             cc)  A geographic coordinate for the parolee's residence  
               location for use with a Geographical Information System or  
               comparable computer program.

          7)States the information required by this subdivision shall come  
            from the statewide parolee database.  The information obtained  
            from each source shall be based on the same timeframe.  [Penal  
            Code Section 3003(e)(2).]  

          8)Provides all of the information required by this subdivision  
            shall be provided utilizing a computer-to-computer transfer in  
            a format usable by a desktop computer system.  The transfer of  
            this information shall be continually available to local law  
            enforcement agencies upon request.  [Penal Code Section  
            3003(e)(3).]  

          9)States the unauthorized release or receipt of the information  
            described in this subdivision is a violation of Penal Code  
            Section 11143.  [Penal Code Section 3003(e)(4).] 

          10)Specifies notwithstanding any other provision of law, an  
            inmate who is released on parole shall not be returned to a  
            location within 35 miles of the actual residence of a victim  
            of, or a witness to, a violent felony, or a felony in which  
            the defendant inflicts great bodily injury on any person other  
            than an accomplice if the victim or witness has requested  
            additional distance in the placement of the inmate on parole,  
            and if the BPT or CDCR finds that there is a need to protect  
            the life, safety, or well-being of a victim or witness.   
            [Penal Code Section 3003(f).]  









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          11)States notwithstanding any other law, an inmate who is  
            released on parole for a violation of specified sex offenses  
            whom CDCR determines poses a high risk to the public shall not  
            be placed or reside, for the duration of his or her parole,  
            within one-half mile of any public or private school including  
            any or all of Kindergarten and Grades 1 to 12, inclusive.   
            [Penal Code Section 3003(g).]  

          12)Provides notwithstanding any other law, an inmate who is  
            released on parole for an offense involving stalking shall not  
            be returned to a location within 35 miles of the victim's  
            actual residence or place of employment if the victim or  
            witness has requested additional distance in the placement of  
            the inmate on parole, and if the Board of Parole Hearings or  
            CDCR finds that there is a need to protect the life, safety,  
            or well-being of the victim.  [Penal Code Section 3003(h).]  

          13)States the authority shall give consideration to the  
            equitable distribution of parolees and the proportion of  
            out-of-county commitments from a county compared to the number  
            of commitments from that county when making parole decisions.   
            [Penal Code Section 3003(i).]  
          
          FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)Author's Statement  :  According to the author, "[u]nder current  
            law implemented as a result of SBx3 18 (2009), many offenders  
            are being released early from prison and are being placed on  
            non-revocable parole (NRP) status.  NRP status under the law  
            does not apply for those offenders who are determined by CDCR  
            to be a validated prison gang member or associate.  Although  
            the Administration and CDCR painted this approach as one that  
            would protect public safety and focus resources on the most  
            violent offenders, we are concerned that the parameters for  
            which a gang member is defined are far too narrow and has  
            implications for public safety. 

          "CDCR and current law focus on prison gang members or  
            associates, failing to acknowledge the seriousness of crimes  
            committed by criminal street gang members and associates.  We  
            feel strongly that CDCR's review of offenders for NRP should  
            mirror local law enforcement's definition and review of  
            criminal street gang members and associates.  Local law  








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            enforcement is on the front lines in dealing with criminal  
            street gangs and are more appropriately suited to determining  
            the status of an offender and his/her association with a gang.  
             

          "It is for these reasons that I - along with Crime Victims  
            United of California (CVUC) - propose to add the following  
            criteria for consideration by CDCR in assessing an offender's  
            eligibility for NRP under the law: 

             a)   "The person is not required to register pursuant to  
               Section 186.30;

             b)   "The person has not been identified by the Department of  
               Justice as being affiliated with a criminal street gang  
               pursuant to the CALGANG program; and,

             c)   "The person has not been identified by a local law  
               enforcement agency as being affiliated with a criminal  
               street gang.

            "It is imperative we address this issue swiftly.  According to  
            CDCR numbers, at least two offenders with gang activity  
            offenses under the STEP Act have already been released to NRP  
            as of February 28th.  We must ensure that these offenders are  
            properly reviewed by criteria that go beyond affiliation with  
            gang activity solely in prison."   
             
           2)Background  :  According to the background submitted by the  
            author, "SBx3 18 provided that offenders subject to NRP cannot  
            have committed a serious disciplinary offense while in prison  
            or be a validated prison gang member or associate.

          "CVUC is concerned, however, that CDCR's definition of a gang  
            member is too narrow.  CDCR and current law focuses on prison  
            gang members or associates, failing to acknowledge the  
            seriousness of crimes committed by criminal street gang  
            members and associates.  CVUC feels strongly that CDCR's  
            review of offenders for NRP should mirror local law  
            enforcement's definition and review of criminal street gang  
            members and associates."  

           3)SBx3 18  :  In response to severe prison overcrowding and  
            increased costs, California Penal Code Section 3000.03 created  
            a new subset of paroled inmates, NRPs, (non-serious,  








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            nonviolent, non-sex offenders) who, upon release, would be on  
            "summary parole" without supervision.  Starting January 25,  
            2010, CDCR began releasing inmates under this provision into  
            California communities. 

          SBx3 18 (Ducheny), Chapter 28, Statutes of 2009, created a new  
            category of low-level parolees, "NRPs", and not subject to  
            direct supervision.  There are a number of pre-requisites that  
            apply prior to an inmate qualifying for non-revocable parole.   
            These include: 

             a)   The person is not required to register as a sex  
               offender, as specified;

             b)   The person was not committed to prison for a serious  
               felony or a violent felony (strikes), and does not have a  
               prior conviction for a serious felony or a violent felony  
               (strikes);

             c)   The person was not committed to prison for a sexually  
               violent offense as defined and does not have a prior  
               conviction for a sexually violent offense, as defined;

             d)   The person was not found guilty of a serious  
               disciplinary offense, as defined in CDCR regulation, during  
               his or her current term of imprisonment;

             e)   The person is not a validated prison gang member or  
               associate as defined in CDCR regulation;

             f)   The person did not refuse to sign any written  
               notification of parole requirements or conditions,  
               including, but not limited to, the written notification of  
               requirements, as specified; and,

             g)   The person was evaluated by CDCR using a validated risk  
               assessment tool and was not determined to pose a high risk  
               to re-offend.

           4)Parole Generally  :  The status of parole is granted to any  
            prisoner on release from a California prison after serving his  
            or her sentence.  (Penal Code Section 3000).  Although no  
            longer in physical custody, a parolee is required to comply  
            with specified restrictions to his or her freedom.  [People v.  
            Burgener (1986) 41 Cal 3d 505, 531.]  A prisoner on parole can  








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            be either a determinately sentenced prisoner or an  
            indeterminately sentenced prisoner serving a sentence of life  
            with the possibility of parole.  

          The purpose of parole is to provide a transition period for a  
            formerly incarcerated person so that he or she may reintegrate  
            into the community.  In general, parole involves supervision  
            and surveillance.  The goals of parole include public safety,  
            reintegration of the parolee back into society, and making  
            parole decisions that are fiscally responsible on behalf of  
            California.  [Penal Code Section 3000(a).]  Parole is meant to  
            be reformatory in purpose; the object is to mitigate the rigor  
            of the prison system and to allow the prisoner to reenter  
            society by replacing continued incarceration with a  
            conditional freedom controlled by parole conditions.  [Penal  
            Code Section 3056; People v. Denne (1956) 141 Cal App 2d 499,  
            507.]  Parole provides a testing period for the reintegration  
            of a prisoner into society.  [In re Carabes (1983) 144 Cal App  
            3d 927, 931.]

           5)Argument in Support  :  None submitted.  
           
           6)Argument in Opposition  :  According to the  Taxpayers for  
            Improving Public Safety  , "[t]his bill would add additional  
            criteria to prohibit the release of an inmate on parole if the  
            person is affiliated with a criminal street gang.  Although at  
            first glance this would appear to reduce the threat to public  
            safety, it has the exact opposite effect and will increase  
            violence both inside and outside prisons.  

          "Some inmates who are determined to be members of criminal  
            street gangs by CDCR seek to exit the gang life by going  
            through the appropriate procedures at a prison and then  
            transfer to a Special Needs Yard (SNY).  Although verified  
            gang members, these individuals are seeking a way out of the  
            life.  Although an inmate may complete his/her period of  
            incarceration in the SNY, he/she remains a verified gang  
            member.  

          "This proposal takes these individuals right back to the life  
            which they have sought to escape.  The legislation provides no  
            provision for the individual who, although small in number,  
            that successfully rehabilitates himself/herself, while in  
            prison.  This legislation will prevent CDCR from  
            distinguishing between those that want to rehabilitate from  








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            those that choose not to do so."

           7)Related Legislation  :  AB 1678 (Lieu) limits what parolees may  
            be placed on unsupervised, non-revocable parole and creates a  
            system for preventing NRP of individuals upon the objection of  
            local law enforcement.  AB 1678 will be heard by this  
                                                                                       Committee today.  
           
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None

           Opposition 
           
          Taxpayers for Improving Public Safety
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Gabriel Caswell / PUB. S. / (916)  
          319-3744