BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2691
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          Date of Hearing:  April 19, 2010

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES
                                Wesley Chesbro, Chair
                     AB 2691 (Hall) - As Amended:  April 6, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB  
          32):  fees.

           SUMMARY  :  Preempts state and local entities from imposing  
          greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions fees on specified major sources  
          of GHG emissions subject to regulation under AB 32.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires the Air Resources Board (ARB), pursuant to AB 32, to  
            adopt a statewide GHG emissions limit equivalent to 1990  
            levels by 2020 and adopt regulations to achieve maximum  
            technologically feasible and cost-effective GHG emission  
            reductions.

          2)Authorizes ARB to adopt a schedule of fees to pay for the  
            costs of implementing the program established pursuant to AB  
            32's provisions.

          3)Authorizes ARB to permit the use of market-based compliance  
            mechanisms to comply with GHG reduction regulations, to be  
            adopted by 2011 and operative by 2012, under limited  
            circumstances once specified conditions are met.

          4)Provides for the establishment of county air pollution control  
            districts, and requires that a county district be established  
            in every county, unless the entire county is included within  
            the Antelope Valley Air Quality Management District, the Bay  
            Area Air Quality Management District, the Mojave Desert Air  
            Quality Management District, the South Coast Air Quality  
            Management District, the San Joaquin Valley Air Quality  
            Management District, if that district is created, a regional  
            district, or a unified district.

          5)Authorizes air districts to establish a permit system that  
            requires, except as specified, that before any person builds,  
            erects, alters, replaces, operates, or uses any article,  
            machine, equipment, or other contrivance that may cause the  
            issuance of air contaminants, the person obtain a permit from  








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            the air pollution control officer of the district.

          6)Authorizes air districts, among their general powers, to  
            impose fees on these stationary sources of air pollution.

           THIS BILL  :

          1)Prohibits any state agency, city, county, city and county, air  
            district, or another political subdivision of the state from  
            imposing a GHG fee on any source of GHG emissions that is  
            subject to either a market-based compliance mechanism or fee  
            regulation under AB 32.

          2)Overrides provisions of AB 32 preserving the authority of air  
            districts and state entities.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :

           1)Purpose of the bill.  According to the author:

            ARB is developing a statewide fee program as well as a cap and  
            trade program that covers the major stationary sources.  Many  
            cities and local districts are adopting their own program for  
            addressing climate change.  Since the impacts are not local,  
            but worldwide, California should have one program.  Local fees  
            will be duplicative of the state fees.  Local command and  
            control regulations could leave California facilities with two  
            conflicting rules that are impossible to comply with at the  
            same time.

           2)Who would be covered by the bill?   This bill would generally  
            prohibit the imposition of a GHG fee on any source of GHG  
            emissions that is subject to either a market-based compliance  
            mechanism or fee regulation under AB 32.  No such regulation  
            is yet in effect, but based on fee and market-based compliance  
            regulations (i.e. cap and trade) proposed by ARB, the bill  
            will immunize the following entities from GHG fees:

             a)   The administrative fee to support ARB's costs of  
               implementing AB 32 will be assessed on approximately 350  
               entities, representing the largest emitters of GHG and 85%  
               of total statewide emissions, including large distributors  
               and users of natural gas, producers/importers of  








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               gasoline/diesel fuel, facilities that combust coal,  
               refineries, cement manufacturers, electricity importers and  
               instate generating facilities.  The fee rate is estimated  
               at 17 cents per metric ton of CO2 equivalent, based on the  
               2009-10 budget for the program.

             b)   The preliminary proposed cap and trade program would  
               apply to an estimated 600 entities (presumably including  
               the 350 above) engaged in stationary combustion, cement  
               manufacturing, cogeneration, petroleum refining, hydrogen  
               production, aluminum production, facility operators  
               calcining carbonates, CO2 supplier or transfer recipient,  
               electricity generation, glass production, iron and steel  
               production, lime production, natural gas transmission and  
               distribution, nitric acid production, oil and gas  
               extraction field operation, production of industrial gases,  
               pulp and paper production, soda ash production, electricity  
               deliverers, transportation fuel deliverers, and natural gas  
               deliverers.

           3)Other GHG fees in effect.   The committee has identified only  
            one state or local GHG fee currently in effect.  In 2008, the  
            Bay Area Air Quality Management District adopted a GHG fee of  
            4.4 cents per metric ton of CO2 equivalent on all stationary  
            sources subject to district permitting (except sources of  
            "biogenic" CO2) to recover the district's costs of its climate  
            protection program.  The other air districts have authority to  
            adopt a similar fee, but none has been adopted or even  
            formally proposed.  According to the BAAQMD:

               Over 2500 District-permitted facilities have some level of  
               GHG emissions and would be subject to fees under Schedule  
               T. Most of these facilities have relatively low GHG  
               emissions levels (e.g., facilities with only an emergency  
               backup generator), and would have annual GHG fees under $1.  
                About 850 facilities would have annual GHG fees of $1 or  
               more; about 250 facilities would have annual GHG fees in  
               excess of $100; 14 facilities would have annual fees in  
               excess of $10,000; and 7 facilities would have annual GHG  
               fees in excess of $50,000 (i.e., the five Bay Area  
               petroleum refineries, and the two largest Bay Area power  
               plants).  As would be expected, the largest industrial  
               facilities with the highest GHG emissions would have the  
               highest GHG fees.









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               As a category, petroleum refineries emit just over one-half  
               of the Bay Area point source GHG emissions, and would  
               therefore pay about one-half of the total GHG fees under  
               Schedule T.  Various types of power plants would  
               collectively pay about one-third of the total GHG fees,  
               although the fee for specific power plants would vary  
               significantly, from tens of dollars for small  
               distributed-generation facilities, to about $87,000 for the  
               largest central power plant.

           4)Proposed author's amendments.   This bill prohibits any "state  
            agency" from imposing a GHG fee on the sources covered by the  
            bill, which would include ARB.  However, author has proposed  
            amendments to make an exception for fees adopted by ARB  
            pursuant to its existing authority granted in AB 32.  This is  
            consistent with the apparent intent of the bill - to prohibit  
            fees the author considers duplicative of ARB fees on major  
            sources of GHG emissions.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Building Industry Association
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Manufacturers & Technology Association
          California Taxpayers Association
          Western States Petroleum Association

           Opposition 
           
          American Lung Association
          Bay Area Air Quality Management District
          Breathe California
          California Air Pollution Control Officers Association
          Catholic Charities, Diocese of Stockton
          Center on Race, Poverty and the Environment
          Clean Power Campaign
          Clean Water Action
          Ella Baker Center for Human Rights
          Environmental Defense Fund
          Fresno Metro Ministry
          Friends of the Earth
          Large-scale Solar Association
          Merced/Mariposa County Asthma Coalition








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          Natural Resources Defense Council
          Physicians for Social Responsibility
          Planning and Conservation League


















































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          Sierra Club California
          Solaria Corporation
          The Orange County Interfaith Coalition for the Environment
          TransForm
          Union of Concerned Scientists
          Urban Habitat
          Vote Solar Initiative

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :  Lawrence Lingbloom / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092