BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  AB 2698
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          Date of Hearing:   April 13, 2010

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HUMAN SERVICES
                                Jim Beall, Jr., Chair
                 AB 2698 (Block) - As Introduced:  February 19, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :  Foster youth: identity theft

           SUMMARY  :  Adds clarifying and technical amendments to existing  
          requirements for county welfare departments to request consumer  
          credit disclosures on behalf of youth in foster care at 16 years  
          of age in order to detect and correct potential identity theft.   
          Specifically,  this bill  : 

          1)Allows the State Department of Social Services (DSS) to  
            request consumer disclosures (credit reports) on behalf of a  
            foster youth in an effort to determine whether identity theft  
            may have occurred.

          2)Clarifies that the foster youth's credit report shall be  
            requested in the year that the youth reaches his or her 16th  
            birthday from the three national credit reporting agencies.

          3)Provides county welfare departments and DSS with the authority  
            to make a request on behalf of a foster youth, notwithstanding  
            any other provision of law.

          4)Removes references to an "approved counseling organization"  
            and clarifies that, should the credit report show evidence of  
            possible identity theft, the state or the county shall refer  
            the matter to a government agency or nonprofit organization  
            that provides information or assistance to victims of identity  
            theft.

          5)Authorizes the government agency or nonprofit organization  
            receiving the referral to take steps to clear the foster  
            youth's credit report, and report back to the county or state  
            department on the actions taken on the foster youth's behalf.

          6)Requires the Office of Privacy Protection, in consultation  
            with DSS, the California Welfare Directors Association, credit  
            reporting agencies, and other stakeholders, compile a list of  
            agencies and organizations to respond to potential instances  
            of identity theft.  









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           EXISTING LAW  

          1)Requires, when a youth in foster care reaches his or her 16th  
            birthday, the county welfare department shall request a free  
            annual credit report on behalf of the youth to determine  
            whether identity theft has occurred.  Welfare and Institutions  
            Code (WIC) 10618.6.

          2)Requires the county welfare department to refer the youth to  
            an approved counseling organization providing services to  
            victims of identity theft if the credit report shows negative  
            items, or evidence of identity theft.  WIC 10618.6.

          3)Directs DSS, in consultation with the County Welfare Directors  
            Association (CWDA) and consumer credit reporting agencies, to  
            develop a list of approved organizations that may provide  
            assistance to foster youth who may be victims of identity  
            theft.  WIC 10618.6.

          4)Clarifies that county welfare departments fulfill the  
            requirements of the law by requesting one credit report on  
            behalf of the foster youth, and by referring the foster youth  
            to an approved organization.

          5)Makes it a crime for a person to willfully obtain personal  
            identifying information, such as a person's social security  
            number, identification number, name, address, etc., for any  
            unlawful purpose, including obtaining credit, without the  
            person's consent. Penal Code Section 530.5.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  Unknown

           COMMENTS  :   

           Need for this bill  :  Identity theft can derail a foster youth's  
          ability to successfully transition to adulthood before it has  
          begun, as it can create costly and time-consuming barriers to  
          applying for jobs or housing, and opening a bank account or  
          applying for credit.  The scope of the problem is unknown, but  
          foster youth who often move from one placement to another, with  
          sensitive personal information often changing hands, are  
          considered particularly vulnerable.  

          The Legislature sought to address this issue with the passage of  
          AB 2985 (Maze), Chapter 387, Statutes of 2006.  AB 2985 put in  








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          place the existing requirements for county welfare departments  
          to request an annual free credit report when a foster youth  
          turns 16, and to provide foster youth with referrals to  
          nonprofit organizations providing assistance for identity theft.  
           According to the author, this bill is intended to strengthen  
          and clean up provisions AB 2985.

           Background  :  Minors rarely have credit histories as they are not  
          allowed to apply for and open credit accounts of their own.  In  
          some cases, parents or guardians may provide access to credit by  
          including the minor as a joint account holder on the parent's  
          account, or by listing the minor as an authorized user on one of  
          the parent's accounts.  Absent these scenarios, minors should  
          not have access to credit, and as such, for the most part, do  
          not have a credit history prior to 18 years of age.   
          Unfortunately, young people overall and foster youth in  
          particular, are especially vulnerable to identity theft.  

          Establishing credit under a minor's identity in cases of  
          identity theft often involves using some pieces, but not all, of  
          the minor's personal information, making it difficult for credit  
          reporting agencies to properly match the minor to potentially  
          fraudulent accounts.  It is often not until the minor "ages out"  
          of foster care, and applies for credit or an apartment, that the  
          identity theft is discovered.  When a parent or guardian  
          suspects their child's identity has been stolen, the parent or  
          guardian may request a credit report on the minor's behalf, in  
          writing.  However, when a child or young person is removed from  
          their home, the state assumes the roles and responsibilities of  
          the parent, including the responsibility to protect a youth's  
          creditworthiness.  At any given time, there are an estimated  
          5,000 16-year-old foster youth in California.  

           Arguments in support  :  The County of Los Angeles states, "AB  
          2698 would strengthen procedures for requesting credit reports  
          and handling suspected identity theft.  The County's Department  
          of Children and Family Services indicates that counties face  
          many challenges when attempting to obtain credit report  
          clearances for minor dependents.  AB 2698 would improve existing  
          foster youth identity theft laws, and it will help to protect  
          nearly 5,600 foster youth, ages 16 and over, in Los Angeles  
          County who may be victims of identity theft."

          CWDA writes in support of this bill:









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               Specifically, this bill clarifies that the county is  
               to refer the youth to a governmental or nonprofit  
               organization that provides information and assistance  
               with identity theft and other credit problems, rather  
               than an approved credit counseling agency.  The bill  
               further authorizes that entity to take remedial action  
               on behalf of the foster youth to clear his or her  
               credit record and to report the results of the action  
               to the referring county or state department.  

               The bill additionally tasks the state Office of  
               Information Security and Privacy Protection with  
               developing a list of governmental and non-profit  
               groups where a youth could seek assistance, in  
               consultation with the California Department of Social  
               Services and CWDA.  Note that the Office of Privacy  
               Protection already has developed such a list, so this  
               merely resolves a potential conflict with existing  
               law.

           Suggested amendment  :  Since the three national credit reporting  
          agencies providing annual credit reports are private, for-profit  
          entities, the number of the credit reporting agencies may at  
          some point change.  For clarity, the author may wish to require  
          a credit report from each of the national credit reporting  
          agencies pursuant to the free annual disclosure provision of the  
          federal Fair Credit Reporting Act on behalf of the foster youth.  
           Currently, the free annual disclosure allows for a free report  
          from each of the national credit reporting agencies.

           Prior and related legislation:
           
          This bill is substantially similar to AB 1324 (Bass) of 2009,  
          vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger with the following message:

               I signed a measure in 2006 to protect foster youth  
               from identity theft that has not yet been fully  
               implemented because of the state's fiscal challenges.   
               This funding was appropriated in 2008 and when fully  
               implemented, existing law will help foster youth that  
               have been the victims of identity theft.  Since the  
               current program is still not fully operational, I  
               believe this measure is premature and may have the  
               unintended consequence of shifting county workload to  
               the state.








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               If, through the implementation, it becomes clear that  
               foster youth are not being served in the way the law  
               intended, I would be willing to reconsider this  
               matter.

          AB 2985 (Maze) Chapter 387, Statutes of 2006 enacted existing  
          requirements for county welfare departments to request a credit  
          report for foster youth, upon turning 16 years of age, and to  
          refer foster youth to an approved organization that provides  
          counseling services to victims of identity theft if identity  
          theft was suspected or discovered.









































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           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          California Alliance of Child and family Services
          California State PTA 
          County Welfare Directors Association of California (CWDA)
          Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors

           Opposition 
           
          None on file.
           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Michelle Doty Cabrera / HUM. S. / (916)  
          319-2089