BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  AB 2747|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  AB 2747
          Author:   Bonnie Lowenthal (D), et al
          Amended:  4/26/10 in Assembly
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 6/22/10
          AYES:  Leno, Cogdill, Cedillo, Hancock, Huff, Steinberg,  
            Wright

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  11-0, 8/12/10
          AYES:  Kehoe, Ashburn, Alquist, Corbett, Emmerson, Leno,  
            Price, Walters, Wolk, Wyland, Yee

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  71-0, 5/24/10 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation:   
          Pharmacy 
                      Services

           SOURCE  :     California Prison Healthcare Services (Federal  
          Receiver)


           DIGEST  :    This bill (1) requires the Department of  
          Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) to maintain and  
          operate a comprehensive pharmacy services program, as  
          specified; (2) authorizes CDCR to operate and maintain a  
          centralized pharmacy distribution center, as specified; (3)  
          authorizes CDCR to investigate and initiate potential  
          systematic improvements within the department's statewide  
          pharmacy administration system, as specified; (4) requires  
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          CDCR to ensure that there is a program providing for the  
          regular inspection of all department pharmacies and  
          documentation of compliance; and (5) requires that, on  
          March 1, 2012, and each March 1 thereafter, CDCR report  
          specified information regarding pharmaceutical services to  
          specified legislative committees.

          ANALYSIS  :    Existing law requires CDCR to consult with the  
          California Medical Assistance Commission (Commission) to  
          assist CDCR in planning and negotiating contracts for the  
          purchase of health care services.  The Commission shall  
          advise CDCR, and may negotiate directly with providers on  
          behalf of CDCR, as mutually agreed upon by the Commission  
          and CDCR.  (Penal Code Section 5023.)

          Existing law authorizes CDCR to adopt regulations requiring  
          manufacturers of drugs to pay CDCR a rebate for the  
          purchase of drugs for offenders in state custody that is at  
          least equal to the rebate that would be applicable to the  
          drug under the federal Social Security Act.  (Penal Code  
          Section 5024.)

          This bill requires CDCR to maintain and operate a  
          comprehensive pharmacy services program for those  
          facilities under the jurisdiction of the department that,  
          at a minimum, incorporates all of the following:

          1. A statewide pharmacy administration system with direct  
             authority and responsibility for program administration  
             and oversight.

          2. Medically necessary pharmacy services using  
             professionally and legally qualified pharmacists,  
             consistent with the size and the scope of medical  
             services provided.

          3. Written procedures and operational practices pertaining  
             to the delivery of pharmaceutical services.

          4. A multidisciplinary, statewide Pharmacy and Therapeutics  
             Committee responsible for all of the following:

             A.    Developing and managing a department formulary.


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             B.    Standardizing the strengths and dosage forms for  
                medications used in department facilities.

             C.    Maintaining and monitoring a system for the  
                review and evaluation of corrective actions related  
                to errors in prescribing, dispensing, and  
                administering medications.

             D.    Conducting regular therapeutic category reviews  
                for medications listed in the department formulary.

             E.    Evaluating medication therapies and providing  
                input to the development of disease management  
                guidelines used in CDCR.

          5. A requirement for the use of generic medications, when  
             available, unless an exception is reviewed and approved  
             in accordance with an established nonformulary approval  
             process.

          6. Use of an enterprise-based pharmacy operating system  
             that provides management with information on  
             prescription workloads, medication utilization,  
             prescribing data, and other key pharmacy information.

          This bill authorizes CDCR to operate and maintain a  
          centralized pharmacy distribution center to provide  
          advantages of scale and efficiencies related to medication  
          purchasing, inventory control, volume production, drug  
          distribution, workforce utilization, and increased patient  
          safety.

          1. The centralized pharmacy distribution center shall  
             include systems to do all of the following:

             A.    Order and package bulk pharmaceuticals and  
                prescription and stock orders for all department  
                correctional facilities.

             B.    Label medications as required to meet state and  
                federal prescription requirements.

             C.    Provide barcode validation matching the drug to  
                the specific prescription or floor stock order.

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             D.    Sort completed orders for shipping and delivery  
                to department facilities.

          2. Notwithstanding any other requirements, the department  
             centralized pharmacy distribution center is authorized  
             to do the following:

             A.    Package bulk pharmaceuticals into both floor  
                stock and patient-specific packs.

             B.    Reclaim, for reissue, unused and unexpired  
                medications.

             C.    Distribute the packaged products to department  
                facilities for use within the state corrections  
                system.

          3. The centralized pharmacy distribution center shall  
             maintain a system of quality control checks on each  
             process used to package, label, and distribute  
             medications.  The quality control system shall include a  
             regular process of random checks by a licensed  
             pharmacist.

          This bill authorizes CDCR to investigate and initiate  
          potential systematic improvements in order to provide for  
          the safe and efficient distribution, control, and  
          accountability of drugs within the department's statewide  
          pharmacy administration system, taking into account factors  
          unique to the correctional environment.

          This bill requires CDCR to ensure that there is a program  
          providing for the regular inspection of all department  
          pharmacies in the state to verify compliance with  
          applicable law, rules, regulations, and other standards as  
          may be appropriate to insure the health, safety, and  
          welfare of CDCR's inmate patients.  Corrective actions  
          necessary to resolve any discrepancies or deficiencies  
          shall be documented in writing and monitored by CDCR for  
          compliance.

          This bill requires that, on March 1, 2012, and each March 1  
          thereafter, CDCR shall report all of the following to the  

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          Joint Legislative Budget Committee, the Senate Committee on  
          Appropriations, the Senate Committee on Budget and Fiscal  
          Review, the Senate Committee on Health, the Senate  
          Committee on Public Safety, the Assembly Committee on  
          Appropriations, the Assembly Committee on Budget, the  
          Assembly Committee on Health, and the Assembly Committee on  
          Public Safety:

          1. The extent to which the Pharmacy and Therapeutics  
             Committee has achieved the objectives set forth in this  
             section, as well as the most significant reasons for  
             achieving or not achieving those objectives.

          2. The extent to which the department is achieving the  
             objective of operating a fully functioning and  
             centralized pharmacy distribution center, as set forth  
             in this section, which distributes pharmaceuticals to  
             every adult prison under the jurisdiction of the  
             department, as well as the most significant reasons for  
             achieving or not achieving that objective.

          3. The extent to which the centralized pharmacy  
             distribution center is achieving cost savings through  
             improved efficiency and distribution of unit dose  
             medications.

          4. A description of planned or implemented initiatives to  
             accomplish the next 12 months' objectives for achieving  
             the goals set forth in this section, including a fully  
             functioning and centralized pharmacy distribution center  
             that distributes pharmaceuticals to every adult facility  
             under the jurisdiction of the department.

          5. The costs for prescription pharmaceuticals for the  
             previous fiscal year, both statewide and at each adult  
             prison under the jurisdiction of the department, and a  
             comparison of these costs with those of the prior fiscal  
             year.

          This bill provides that the requirement for submitting a  
          report imposed under subdivision (e) is inoperative on  
          March 1, 2016, pursuant to Section 10231.5 of the  
          Government Code.


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           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions                2010-11     2011-12     
           2012-13   Fund  

          Pharmacy &                                   Likely minor,  
          ongoing workload                                    General
            Therapeutics Committee

          Pharmacy Information Future annual maintenance costs of $63  
              General
            System

          Pharmacy distributionUnknown; potential future  
          savings/costs     General
            center

          Reporting requirement                        Likely minor  
          future workload                                     General

          The provisions of this bill serve primarily to codify  
          existing plans of the Federal Receiver to overhaul CDCR's  
          pharmacy services, as outlined by these provisions. CDCR  
          prison health care is currently in federal receivership.   
          In 2005, the United States District Court for the Northern  
          District of California established a Receivership to take  
          control of the delivery of medical services to all CDCR  
          inmates.  In its order, the Court set forth comprehensive  
          duties for the Receiver, including leadership and executive  
          management of the California prison medical health care  
          delivery system.  The Court expressly ordered the Receiver  
          to "exercise all powers vested by law in the Secretary of  
          the CDCR as they relate to the administration, control,  
          management, operation, and financing of the California  
          Medical health care system."  The Court suspended the  
          Secretary's exercise of these powers for the duration of  
          the Receivership. Moreover, the Court's order expressly  
          provides that, "all costs incurred in the implementation of  
          the policies, plans, and decisions of the Receiver relating  
          to the fulfillment of his duties under this Order shall be  
          borne by (the state).  (The state) shall also bear all  

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          costs of establishing and maintaining the Office of  
          Receiver, including the compensation of the Receiver and  
          his staff."

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/16/10)

          California Prison Healthcare Services (Federal Reciever)


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          "Existing law gives CDCR permissive authority to adopt cost  
          effective reforms in its drug and medical supply  
          procurement processes:  

            Penal Code Sec. 5024:
                 provides that it is the intent of the Legislature  
               that the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation,  
               in cooperation with the Department of General Services  
               and other appropriate state agencies, take prompt  
               action to adopt cost-effective reforms in its drug and  
               medical supply procurement processes, as specified. 
                 authorizes the Secretary of the Department of  
               Corrections and Rehabilitation to adopt regulations  
               requiring manufacturers of drugs to pay the department  
               a rebate for the purchase of drugs for offenders in  
               state custody that is at least equal to the rebate  
               that would be applicable to the drug under the federal  
               Social Security Act.

          "Despite this statute, the California prison pharmacy  
          program was not meeting minimal standards of patient care,  
          and was wasting millions of dollars of taxpayer money. 

          "To remedy that, the Receiver asked for an independent  
          review from Maxor National Pharmacy Services Corporation.   
          The June 2006 Maxor audit confirmed the results of several  
          previous audits, finding a chaotic operation lacking in  
          inventory and purchasing controls, and rife with medical  
          error.  Further, it estimated that prison pharmacies cost  
          California taxpayers $46 to $80 million more than  
          equivalent prison systems. 

          "The Receiver then hired Maxor to oversee a turnaround of  
          the pharmacy system.  This overhaul started in January 2007  

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          and lasted three years, and sought to create a  
          patient-centered, centralized, efficient and better  
          organized pharmacy system for California's 33 adult prisons  
          and nearly 175,000 inmate patients.

          "The Receiver and Maxor instituted a plan to reverse these  
          trends.  The nuts and bolts of that plan are encapsulated  
          in AB 2747.  

          "The framework for effective pharmacy services included in  
          this bill has been set in place by the Receiver.  This new  
          framework has both improved pharmacy care and avoided  
          millions in pharmacy costs over the last three years when  
          compared to prior trend lines.  Examples of such actions  
          have included:
           
                 Implemented a system of targeted contracts for  
               formulary medications resulting in more than $36  
               million in savings over previous drug pricing  
               contracts.
                 Implemented a system of contract/purchasing  
               monitoring and interventions resulting in savings of  
               $8.6 million.
                 Reduced monthly atypical psychiatric medication  
               costs by almost $2 million per month.
                 Reclaiming more than $12 million in unused  
               medication through a "return to stock" process.
                 Negotiated and implemented a returns contract  
               resulting in recovery of $4.7 million in previous drug  
               waste.

          "This bill is needed to ensure this improved system stays  
          in place when prison healthcare is turned back over to  
          CDCR."

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES: Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles  
            Calderon, Carter, Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De  
            La Torre, De Leon, DeVore, Emmerson, Eng, Feuer,  
            Fletcher, Fong, Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Gaines,  
            Galgiani, Garrick, Gilmore, Hagman, Harkey, Hayashi,  
            Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jeffries, Jones, Lieu, Logue,  

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            Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Miller, Monning, Nestande,  
            Niello, Nielsen, Norby, V. Manuel Perez, Portantino,  
            Ruskin, Salas, Silva, Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra  
            Strickland, Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran,  
            Yamada, John A. Perez
          NO VOTE RECORDED: Bass, Evans, Hall, Hernandez, Knight,  
            Nava, Saldana, Villines, Vacancy


          RJG:do  8/16/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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