BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    




            SENATE REVENUE & TAXATION COMMITTEE

            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair

                                                      SBX6 7 - Denham

                                                   Amended: May 3, 2010

                                                                       

            Hearing: May 12, 2010      Tax Levy         Fiscal: Yes




            SUMMARY: This bill provides California employers a 25% tax  
                      credit    for wages paid to qualified veterans.


                      

                 EXISTING LAW provides various tax credits designed to  
            provide incentives for taxpayers that incur certain  
            expenses, such as child adoption, or to influence behavior,  
            including business practices and decisions, such as  
            research and development credits and Geographically  
            Targeted Economic Development Area credits.  The  
            Legislature typically enacts such tax incentives to  
            encourage taxpayers to do something but for the tax credit,  
            they would otherwise not do.

                 EXISTING LAW allows a New Jobs credit enacted in 2009  
            to qualified employers equal to $3000 for each net increase  
            in qualified full-time employees hired during the taxable  
            year. The credit is limited to small businesses, as  
            defined, and is capped at roughly $400 million for all  
            taxable years.

                 EXISTING FEDERAL LAW, under the Work Opportunity  
            Credit program, provides that an employer may qualify for a  
            tax credit of up to $9,000 if the employee is a member of a  
            designated target group including qualified veterans  
            receiving Food Stamps or qualified veterans with a service  
            connected disability, as specified.








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                 THIS BILL provides a tax credit of 25 percent of the  
            qualified wages, not to exceed $6,000, paid to employees  
            who are qualified veterans beginning on or after January 1,  
            2010.

                 Defines "qualified veteran" as an individual who  
            satisfies all of the following:

                    1.        Is a member of the Armed Forces of the  
                      United States who has been honorably discharged  
                      within the five calendar years prior to  
                      employment?

                    2.        Received unemployment compensation within  
                      California for no less than four weeks during the  
                      12 calendar months before the date of employment,  
                      and

                    3.        Is employed by the taxpayer for not less  
                      than 120 hours during the calendar year in which  
                      the credit is generated.


                 Specifies that any deduction otherwise allowable for  
            qualified wages shall be reduced by the amount of the  
            credit allowed under this bill.


            FISCAL EFFECT: 

                 The Franchise Tax Board (FTB) states that SBX6 7 would  
            require a calculation for the credit that would require a  
            new form or worksheet to be developed.  As a result, this  
            bill would impact the FTB's printing, processing, and  
            storage costs for tax returns.  The additional costs have  
            not been determined at this time.

                 The FTB estimates that this bill would result in a  
            revenue loss of $170 million in fiscal year (FY) 2010-11,  
            $190 million in FY 2011-12, and $200 million in FY 2012-13.  









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            COMMENTS:

            A.  Purpose of Bill

               According to the author, "California faces record  
            unemployment rates of 12.4 percent. Our veterans are  
            returning home to tough economic times in California.  
            California has approximately 30,000 veterans per year  
            returning home from service, which is more than any other  
            state. Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars face tough  
            unemployment rates of 18.3 percent nationally. Creating  
            jobs to address our budget crisis and employing our  
            returning veterans must be a priority in California. With  
            the high level of unemployment, veterans must decide to  
            reenlist or move to another state to look for unemployment.

               SBX6 7 would be a strong incentive for businesses to  
            take the leap of hiring another employee. At the same time,  
            it opens the doors for veterans who have returned home  
            after their service. SBX6 7 will create jobs which will put  
            money back into the economy helping to end our state budget  
            crisis." 

            

            B.  Background: Tax Expenditures

                 The Department of Finance defines a tax expenditure as  
            a "deduction, exclusion, exemption, credit, or any other  
            tax benefit as provided by the state." When policymakers  
            institute new tax expenditures, the state agrees to forego  
            tax revenues in the hopes of providing increased equity in  
            the tax system or seeking to change private investment  
            behavior. This bill would enact a tax expenditure in the  
            form of a hiring credit, designed to encourage the  
            employment of veterans.

                 As California faces another fiscal imbalance,  








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            policymakers are increasingly interested in the state's tax  
            expenditures, their goals and objectives as well as their  
            efficacy. California foregoes approximately $50 billion in  
            revenue each year due to tax expenditures. These range from  
            the exclusion from income for pension contributions and  
            social security benefits to subsidies for other types of  
            economic behavior deemed preferable by the Legislature,  
            such as the mortgage interest deduction to spur  
            homeownership, the research and development credit to  
            stimulate high-paying jobs and new exciting consumer  
            products and services.  Tax expenditures evoke passionate  
            and complicated debates, chiefly regarding whether state  
            legislative action to forego tax revenues from specified  
            taxpayers provides superior benefits than commensurate  
            direct spending programs or general tax reductions 



            C.   Are Hiring Credits Effective? 

                 SBX6 7 seeks to expand opportunities for hard-to-hire  
            individuals by allowing a tax credit for employers to hire  
            veterans.  The state already invests toward these goals,  
            such as job-training and welfare to work programs. Are  
            these programs effective?  Why or why not?  How will SBX6 7  
            complement existing efforts, or should it supplant these  
            programs because tax credits will better accomplish public  
            goals?  The Committee may wish to consider the efficacy and  
            efficiency of existing efforts of federal, state, and local  
            agencies to assist the targeted population obtain  
            employment before further straining its finances by  
            allowing a credit that may be duplicating current programs.  
             Quite different from direct spending measures, the  
            Legislature may only limit, reduce, or eliminate tax  
            credits by 2/3 vote of each house of the Legislature. 


            Support and Opposition

                 Support:None received.










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                 Oppose:None received.



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            Consultant: Meg Svoboda