BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 108
          Author:   Walters (R)
          Amended:  6/1/09
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 4/28/09
          AYES:  Corbett, Harman, Florez, Leno, Walters

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  12-0, 5/26/09
          AYES:  Kehoe, Cox, Corbett, Denham, DeSaulnier, Hancock,  
            Leno, Runner, Walters, Wolk, Wyland, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Oropeza


           SUBJECT  :    Charter schools:  government tort claims

           SOURCE  :     California Charter School Association


           DIGEST  :    This bill provides that no joint powers  
          authority for risk-pooling shall refuse to admit to  
          membership or provide coverage to a charter school,  
          including a charter school organized pursuant to Education  
          Code Section 47604, or a school district which operates a  
          charter school, solely on the basis that it operates as a  
          charter school.

           ANALYSIS  :    A Joint Powers Authority (JPA) is a  
          government-regulated public entity formed by two or more  
          public agencies, such as state, cities, counties, and  
          school districts.  JPAs pool their assets to promote risk  
          management and pay claims against member entities.  The  
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          joint powers mechanism can be used for any governmental  
          function that a single government agency may lawfully  
          perform.  The Legislature enacted AB 101 (Steinberg),  
          Chapter 14, Statutes of 2000, which provides that a charter  
          school, including a charter school operated by or as a  
          nonprofit corporation, may be considered a public agency  
          eligible for membership in a joint powers agreement for  
          risk-pooling.  

          In  Courtney Knapp v. Palisades Charter High School  (2007)  
          146 Cal.App.4th 708, a plaintiff visiting student sued  
          Palisades Charter High School, among other parties,  
          alleging that she had been sexually harassed, and suffered  
          emotional distress as a result.  The trial court entered  
          summary judgment for the defendants, on the ground that the  
          student failed to comply with and was not excused from  
          meeting the claim presentation requirements of the  
          California Tort Claims Act (TCA).  The trial court's  
          judgment was reversed on appeal.  The appellate court  
          concluded that, as an alleged nonprofit public benefit  
          corporation, the charter school was not a public entity  
          under the TCA, and therefore could not avail itself of the  
          governmental immunity provisions of the TCA.  

          According to the sponsor of this bill, the California  
          Charter Schools Association, the  Knapp  decision has made it  
          more difficult for charter schools to gain access to JPAs.   
          This bill seeks to remedy this problem by prohibiting a JPA  
          for school district insurance risk pooling from denying  
          access by a charter school on the sole basis that it is a  
          charter school. 
           
           Existing law, the Charter Schools Act of 1992, specifies  
          that a charter school is deemed to be a school district for  
          purposes of statutory provisions regarding appointments  
          from the State School Fund, allowances for transportation,  
          and state lottery funds and provisions of the California  
          Constitution regarding the calculation of the minimum  
          amount of funding for the support of school districts and  
          community college districts.  (Education Code Section 47600  
          et seq.)

          Existing law provides that a charter school may operate as,  
          or be operated by, a nonprofit public benefit corporation.   







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          A chartering authority that grants a charter to be operated  
          by, or as, a nonprofit public benefit corporation, is  
          exempt from liability for the debts or obligations of the  
          charter school, or for claims arising from the performance  
          of acts, errors, or omissions by the charter school, if the  
          authority has complied with all oversight responsibilities  
          required by law.  (Education Code Section 47604.) 

          Existing law provides that a charter school, including a  
          charter school organized pursuant to Education Code Section  
          47604, may be considered a public agency for the purpose of  
          being eligible for membership in a joint powers agreement  
          for risk-pooling.  (Government Code Section 6528.)  

          This bill provides that no joint powers authority for  
          risk-pooling shall refuse to admit to membership or provide  
          coverage to a charter school, including a charter school  
          organized pursuant to Education Code Section 47604, or a  
          school district which operates a charter school, solely on  
          the basis that it operates as a charter school.  The bill  
          provides that a joint powers authority for risk-pooling may  
          set the price for coverage for a charter school or a school  
          district that operates a charters school at a level that is  
          commensurate with the increased risk involved.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions                2009-10     2010-11     
           2011-12   Fund  

          Risk Pools                              $500 to $1,000,  
          annually            General*

          *Counts toward meeting the Proposition 98 minimum funding  
          guarantee

          Under the California Tort Claims Act, public entities are  
          immune from common law or judicially declared forms of tort  
          liability, except for what is required otherwise by state  







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          or federal law.  The statute defines "public entities" as  
          the "State, the Regents of the University of California, a  
          county, a city, district, public authority, public agency,  
          and any other political subdivision or public corporation  
          in the state."  

          This bill is, in part, a response to an appellate court  
          decision,  Courtney Knapp v. Palisades Charter High School  .   
          The  Knapp  case concerns a situation in which a student  
          visiting the campus of the Palisades Charter High School  
          alleges that she was sexually harassed.  The appellate  
          court opined that charter schools are independent legal  
          entities apart from the authorizing entity, and thus do not  
          meet the definition of "public entity" for the purposes of  
          the California Tort Claims Act.  Proponents of the measure  
          that access to risk pools is of increased importance in  
          light of the  Knapp  decision.

          As the bill requires risk pools to admit charter schools,  
          Legislative Counsel has flagged the bill as a mandate.  As  
          charter schools do not have the same broad immunity from  
          tort liability as other public entities, their required  
          inclusion in the risk pool may lead to increased costs for  
          other pool members.  These costs may be reimbursable by the  
          state.  Costs per pupil for school districts in a risk pool  
          are roughly $30 per pupil and approximately 90 percent of  
          districts belong to JPAs for this purpose.  Assuming per  
          pupil costs for charter schools would be 10 percent higher;  
          this bill could lead to potential mandate costs of $500,000  
          to $1 million, annually.  

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  6/1/09)

          California Charter Schools Association (source)
          Kern County Superintendent of Schools


           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The sponsor of this bill, the  
          California Charter Schools Association, states that the  
           Knapp  decision has left charter schools unprotected in many  
          circumstances.  The sponsor further states, "JPAs that  
          provide insurance risk pooling are denying charter schools  
          access to the JPA.  Many charter schools are forced to seek  
          commercial insurance which writes less comprehensive  







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          coverage than the school district JPA provides.  For  
          example, commercial insurers typically do not cover defense  
          costs for writs, injunctive relief and other claims seeking  
          compliance with legal proceedings or defense and indemnity  
          for damages caused by inverse condemnation.  As amended, SB  
          108 would take a step toward restoring some of that  
          protection by prohibiting the JPAs from denying access to a  
          charter school."


          RJG:do  6/1/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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