BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 130 (Denham)
          As Amended  May 6, 2009
          2/3 vote.  Urgency 

           SENATE VOTE  :30-3  
           
           EDUCATION           10-1        APPROPRIATIONS      13-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Brownley, Nestande,       |Ayes:|De Leon, Nielsen,         |
          |     |Ammiano, Arambula,        |     |Ammiano,                  |
          |     |Buchanan, Carter, Eng,    |     |Coto, Davis, Fuentes,     |
          |     |Garrick, Solorio,         |     |Hall, Miller, John A.     |
          |     |Torlakson                 |     |Perez, Skinner, Solorio,  |
          |     |                          |     |Audra Strickland,         |
          |     |                          |     |Torlakson                 |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Miller                    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Creates an urgency statute that appropriates $5  
          million and authorizes lease financing up to $13 million as an  
          emergency loan for the King City Joint Union High School  
          District (KCJUHSD).  Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Makes findings and declarations regarding KCJUHSD's impending  
            insolvency.

          2)States legislative intent to provide emergency appropriation  
            assistance to KCJUHSD in line with current law, unless  
            otherwise specified.

          3)Requires that the Superintendent of Public Instruction (SPI)  
            assume all rights, duties, and powers of the KCJUHSD governing  
            board and appoint a state administrator, in consultation with  
            the county superintendent, and provides for the authority of  
            the SPI and the state administrator to continue until all of  
            the following occur:  

             a)   After a minimum of one year, the state administrator and  
               the SPI determine that future compliance by the district  
               with recovery plans is probable;









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             b)   The SPI has approved all of the required recovery plans,  
               and the County Office Fiscal Crisis and Management  
               Assistance Team (FCMAT) completes the improvement plans  
               required under current law and has completed at least two  
               annual reports on district progress in implementing the  
               improvement plans;

             c)   The state administrator certifies that collective  
               bargaining agreements have been ratified, consistent with  
               the recovery plans, and that the members of the school  
               board and specified district personnel have successfully  
               completed training required by this bill; and,

             d)   KCJUHSD has completed all reports required by the SPI  
               and the state administrator. 

          4)Authorizes the SPI to return power to the governing board for  
            each of the functions of financial management, pupil  
            achievement, personnel management, facilities management or  
            community relations, if performance under the recovery plan  
            for that area has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the  
            SPI.

          5)States legislative intent that, within the fiscal constraints  
            of the district, the SPI and the state administrator:

             a)   Bring about comprehensive reform in the areas of pupil  
               achievement, attendance, dropout rates, parent involvement,  
               teacher quality, fiscal management and program evaluation,  
               and report these findings to the education committees of  
               both houses of the Legislature; and,

             b)   Consider the unification of KCJUHSD with the King City  
               Elementary School District, with any other school district  
               within the general attendance area, or both.

          6)Specifies the duties, consistent with current law, of FCMAT  
            with respect to KCJUHSD, and requires that the district bear  
            100% of the costs associated with FCMAT's activities.

          7)Specifies that the required improvement plan for personnel  
            management includes, with all costs borne by KCJUHSD, training  
            for:









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             a)   Members of the governing board, including training in  
               their fiduciary responsibilities as board members and in  
               financial management practices; at a minimum this is  
               required to include governance training provided by the  
               California School Boards Association; and,

             b)   All personnel with management, policymaking or advisory  
               responsibilities, who report directly to the state  
               administrator, to ensure they have the knowledge and skills  
               to effectively administer their areas of responsibility.

          8)Appropriates $5 million from the General Fund (GF) to the SPI  
            for this emergency loan, and specifies that the funds may be  
            disbursed only if the state administrator and FCMAT jointly  
            determine that it is necessary to support the immediate cash  
            flow needs of the district.

          9)Requires KCJUHSD to enter into a lease financing agreement  
            with the California Infrastructure and Economic Development  
            Bank (I-Bank) for not less than the amount necessary to repay  
            the GF for the funds appropriated in this act, and not more  
            than $13 million; requires the district to repay the GF  
            appropriation, and allows the additional lease financing funds  
            to be used for reserves, capitalized interest, credit  
            enhancements, and costs of issuance.  Also requires the I-Bank  
            to issue bonds for this purpose with a term of lease not to  
            exceed 20 years, with the possibility of a 10 year extension  
            under specified circumstances.

          10)Requires the State Controller (SCO), his or her designee, or  
            an auditor selected by the district and approved by the SCO  
            conducts an audit of the books and accounts of the district  
            for the fiscal year in which the emergency apportionments are  
            disbursed and for each fiscal year until the SCO and SPI  
            determine that the district is solvent; this audit is to be  
            conducted in lieu of the required annual school district  
            audit.

          11)Establishes the emergency loan as a straight line loan, and  
            requires KCJUHSD to repay the loan over 20 years with interest  
            calculated at the rate earned by the state's Pooled Money  
            Investment Account on the date these provisions are enacted;  
            also authorizes the district to repay this obligation on a  
            faster repayment schedule without prepayment penalty.








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          12)Authorizes the SCO to withhold the amount of any defaulted  
            payment as an offset against the next available payment of  
            state funds to KCJUHSD, and authorizes the Director of Finance  
            to amend the loan's payment schedule if the director concludes  
            that the amendment is warranted and is in the best interests  
            of both the state and the district; requires the Director of  
            Finance to give 90-day notice to the Joint Legislative Budget  
            Committee in this event.

          13)Authorizes the district, between June 1, 2009 and June 30,  
            2012, to sell property owned by the district and use the  
            proceeds from the sale to reduce or retire the emergency loan,  
            and makes KCJUHSD ineligible for financial hardship assistance  
            under the state's school facilities program from June 1, 2009  
            to June 30, 2014, inclusive.

           EXISTING LAW  : 

          1)Establishes a process for state oversight and financial  
            assistance for school districts in financial trouble.

          2)Authorizes the governing board of a school district that  
            determines that its revenues are insufficient to meet its  
            current year obligations to request an emergency apportionment  
             (loan) from the state through the SPI, and requires that the  
            acceptance of an emergency loan that exceeds two hundred  
            percent of a district's recommended reserve constitutes  
            agreement by the school district to specified conditions,  
            including the following:

             a)   The SPI assumes all the legal rights, duties, and powers  
               of the governing board of the district, and is authorized  
               to appoint an administrator to act on behalf of the SPI;  
               also makes the school district governing board advisory  
               only;

             b)   The SCO, his or her designee, or an auditor selected by  
               the district and approved by the SCO conducts a financial  
               audit of the district for the fiscal year in which the  
               emergency apportionments are disbursed, in lieu of the  
               required annual district audit; and,

             c)   The authority of the SPI and the state-appointed  








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               administrator continues until specified conditions have  
               been met, including SPI determination that future  
               compliance with recovery plans is probable.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, this bill appropriates $5 million from the GF to the  
          SPI for apportionment to KCJUHCD, as specified.  This allocation  
          is in the 2009 Budget Act and it is expected to be reimbursed to  
          the GF within one year via the sale of bonds by I-Bank.  This  
          bill authorizes KCJUHCD to augment the $5 million emergency loan  
          with an additional $8 million of lease financing through the  
          I-Bank in order to increase the emergency loan to a total of no  
          more than $13 million.

           COMMENTS  :  As a result of court decisions (see Butt v. State of  
          California, 1992) placing the ultimate responsibility for  
          ensuring the equitable provision of public education to all  
          pupils, including those in financially failing school districts,  
          and the resulting early experiences with districts on the verge  
          of insolvency, the state developed a process for providing  
          financial oversight to school districts, and for providing  
          financial assistance and financial recovery to school districts  
          in financial trouble.  This process is commonly referred to as  
          the AB 1200 process - a reference to the initial authorizing  
          legislation, AB 1200 (Eastin), Chapter 1213, Statutes of 1991.   
          The potential end result of this process, the granting of an  
          emergency loan to the school district and the requirement that  
          the district accept accompanying conditions including assumption  
          of control of the district by the SPI and the completion of a  
          SCO conducted audit, has been reached in seven cases: Vallejo  
          City Unified School District (USD), Oakland USD, West Fresno  
          Elementary School District (ESD), Emery USD, Compton USD,  
          Coachella Valley USD, and West Contra Costa (formerly Richmond)  
          USD.  In many other cases the oversight, advice and assistance  
          provided by county offices of education and other fiscal  
          advisors under the AB 1200 process has been sufficient to pull  
          the school district out of immediate financial trouble and to  
          provide time for the governing board of the district to take  
          those actions necessary to begin a return to a more stable  
          fiscal condition.

          KCJUHSD is located in Monterey County, and has an enrollment of  
          approximately 2,100 pupils in three high schools and one  
          continuation school.  More than 86% of the district's enrollment  








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          is Hispanic, and 36% are English Learners.  The district had  
          2007-08 revenues of $19 million and expenditures of $20.7  
          million. A beginning balance of $1.7 million allowed the  
          district to end the year with a $10,000 balance, well below the  
          district's 3% reserve requirement of approximately $500,000. The  
          district's 2008-09 General Fund Second Interim Report revenues  
          were projected to be $17,464,958, but expenses were projected to  
          be $21,358,833, which yields a total General Fund deficit  
          projected at <$3,893,875> in the current year.  KCJUHSD, along  
          with 18 other school districts including King City Union  
          Elementary School District, received a negative budget  
          certification recently, meaning that projections showed that the  
          district will not meet its financial obligations for the 2008-09  
          or 2009-10 fiscal year.  89 districts received a qualified  
          certification, meaning that the district may not meet its  
          financial obligations in the 2008-09, 2009-10, or 2010-11 fiscal  
          years.  Budget circumstances for school districts continue to  
          worsen as this year progresses.

          KCJUHSD's current fiscal problems can be traced back to 2001-02,  
          when a dispute developed over a formula driven compensation  
          schedule for teachers that had existed since 1987 and that had  
          been renegotiated in 2000-01.  This dispute led to a complaint  
          and decision issued by the state Public Employment Relations  
          Board (PERB) that awarded back pay to staff amounting to  
          approximately $5.2 million dollars, including interest.  The  
          district and the local bargaining unit subsequently reached a  
          $1.2 million settlement over this dispute, which PERB approved  
          in February 2007; the settlement agreement also guaranteed cost  
          of living adjustments on the salary schedule in future years.   
          The cost of this settlement agreement was paid with the proceeds  
          of a $1.2 million loan from the Monterey County Office of  
          Education (MCOE) to the district; the loan was authorized by the  
          County Board of Education in June 2006, but not dispersed until  
          after the PERB approval of the settlement.  From 2006 to 2008,  
          the district also experienced significant staffing issues,  
          particularly in the key positions of Superintendent and Chief  
          Business Officer; the district had both rapid turnover and  
          long-term vacancies in both of these positions.  This appears to  
          have acted to inhibit any fiscal reform that the district might  
          have undertaken in order to improve its financial standing; this  
          staffing problem was exacerbated by the fact that these  
          administrative positions have responsibilities to both KCJUHSD  
          and the King City Union Elementary School District.








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          As a result of deepening budget problems stemming from the  
          settlement agreement and inaction with respect to addressing  
          budget problems, the MCOE declared KCJUHSD to not be a "going  
          concern" in December of 2007, assigned a negative certification  
          to the district's budget, and assumed a more active role in the  
          fiscal issues of the district pursuant to the county office of  
          education's responsibilities as defined by AB 1200.  Part of  
          this role included establishing FCMAT as a fiscal advisor to the  
          district, and facilitating the identification of budget  
          reductions by a budget advisory committee.  Separately, the  
          district negotiated budget reductions with the local bargaining  
          unit representing teachers, and these parties developed a  
          tentative agreement to make these reductions in February 2009.   
          On February 25, 2009, the Monterey County Superintendent of  
          Schools wrote to the president of the KCJUHSD governing board,  
          stating that the amount of reductions proposed in the tentative  
          agreement was not sufficiently adequate, and that the MCOE did  
          not support approval of the Agreement; the district governing  
          board took action on March 2, 2009 to approve the tentative  
          agreement.  On March 3, 2009, the County Superintendent, under  
          authorities granted by AB 1200, ordered a stay of the governing  
          board's decision until information prepared by the District  
          could be evaluated, and issued an extension of that stay on  
          March 17, 2009, in order to consider additional information  
          provided by the district and the California Teachers  
          Association; the County Superintendent stated that additional  
          review was particularly necessary in light of the state's, and  
          thus the district's, deteriorating revenue picture.  On May 8,  
          2009, the County Superintendent notified the KCJUHSD governing  
          board that, "I am hereby rescinding the Board's action approving  
          the tentative agreement/MOU.", and also stated that, "I believe  
          that this action is necessary to reasonably ensure the District  
          will have a continued ability to further reduce District  
          expenditures so they are realistically in line with revenues.   
          Further I believe that this action is necessary and appropriate  
          to ultimately achieve the District's fiscal solvency."

          The district's General Fund exhausted all cash reserves at the  
          end of February 2009; however, temporary borrowing from the  
          district's (capital) building fund, which had a balance of  
          approximately $3.6 million, has been used to support the general  
          fund.  These funds must be repaid to the state Office of Public  
          School Construction in 2009-10. The MCOE approval to borrow from  








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          the building fund was predicated on repayment of the temporary  
          loans from the first draw of an emergency appropriation.  The  
          district is projected to borrow $3.3 million from the building  
          fund by June 30, 2009 in order to end this fiscal year with a  
          minimum cash balance of $202,000 in the general fund.  FCMAT  
          projects that the district, in the absence of significant  
          realignment of its operating expenditures, will require a  
          minimum of $7 million before June 2010 in order to repay the  
          temporary loans and close the 2009-10 year with a minimal cash  
          balance.  FCMAT's cash flow projection for 2009-10 does not  
          incorporate additional deferrals or funding reductions impacting  
          current or budget year projected revenues and that may result  
          from state budget actions taken in the near future in response  
          to the state's current fiscal situation.

          This bill makes use of current law and practice that has evolved  
          through the seven previous cases where an emergency loan has  
          been granted to a fiscally troubled school district.  The bill  
          appropriates $5 million in GF to effectively serve as bridge  
          funding to allow KCJUHSD to remain solvent into the 2009-10  
          fiscal year and until the district is able to enter into a lease  
          financing agreement with the I-Bank for not less than the amount  
          necessary to repay the GF for the funds appropriated in this  
          act, and not more than $13 million.  The full amount of the  
          emergency loan, up to this thirteen million dollar cap, is  
          required to be used to repay the state's GF appropriation, repay  
          the temporary loans from the district's building fund approved  
          by the MCOE, and remain solvent under the control of the SPI and  
          the state administrator.  During all of this time the district's  
          fiscal situation will be monitored by the MCOE and FCMAT, which  
          will provide specified reports.  As in the other recent cases  
          where an emergency loan was granted, the SPI will return control  
          of the district to the local governing board in a phased manner,  
          as the district proves its ability to return from insolvency and  
          meets various conditions specified in this legislation and  
          current statute.

          Previous legislation:  SB 1190 (Chesbro), Chapter 53, Statutes  
          of 2004, appropriated $60 million for an emergency loan to  
          Vallejo City Unified School District, and requires the SPI to  
          assume all the rights, duties, and powers of the governing board  
          of the district; this is the most recently approved emergency  
          loan.  AB 1554 (Keene), Chapter 263, Statutes of 2004, requires  
          that existing emergency loans for the West Contra Costa USD,  








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          Oakland USD and Vallejo City USD be refinanced through I-Bank,  
          with any difference between interest paid on the existing loans  
          and the costs of refinancing those loans paid by the state.  AB  
          1303 (Daucher), Chapter 97, Statutes of 2005, revises statutes  
          and terms pertaining to the lease financing that the state is  
          using to replace General Fund financing of school district  
          emergency loans.  AB 1200 (Eastin), Chapter 1213, Statutes of  
          1991, established the AB 1200 process for fiscal oversight of  
          school districts.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Gerald Shelton / ED. / (916) 319-2087 


                                                               FN:  0001743