BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 140
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:  June 17, 2009

                          ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE
                              Cathleen Galgiani, Chair
                    SB 140 (Corbett) - As Amended:  June 11, 2009
           
          SENATE VOTE:   29-5
           
          SUBJECT  :  Citrus Nursery Stock Cleanliness program.

           SUMMARY  :  Requires the California Department of Food and  
          Agriculture (CDFA) to develop and establish a program to protect  
          citrus nursery source propagative trees from harmful pests and  
          diseases.  This bill contains an urgency clause.  Specifically,  
           this bill  :  

          1)Requires CDFA to develop and administer a Citrus Nursery Stock  
            Cleanliness program (program).

          2)Requires CDFA to consider input from interested parties on the  
            cost, need and practicability when developing the program.

          3)Requires any citrus nursery stock producer or propagator to  
            comply with lawful orders issued by CDFA, in compliance with  
            the program.

          4)Establishes inspection and testing standards for the program.

          5)Specifies effective dates and phase-in times for the program's  
            regulations and requirements.

          6)Requires the program to comply with federal and state  
            quarantine requirements and standards.

          7)Allows CDFA to adopt and enforce regulation to carry out the  
            program.

          8)Provides that new diseases or pests that are a threat to the  
            citrus industry be included in the program within 45 days of  
            developing valid and reliable diagnostic practices, and the  
            practices have been proven effective in protecting citrus  
            plants.

          9)Specifies criteria for CDFA to authorize other entities to  
            test and examine diseases and pests covered by the program.








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          10) Requires CFDA to establish rates or fees to pay for the  
            administration of the program. 

          11) This bill includes an urgency clause due to the imminent and  
            present potential of invasive pest infestation or disease  
            infection of California citrus.

           EXISTING LAW  authorizes the secretary of CDFA (secretary) to  
          promulgate regulations to provide for periodic nursery  
          inspections and prescribe standards of cleanliness for nursery  
          stock that is produced or sold within the state.  (Food and  
          Agricultural code section 6901)  The standards of cleanliness  
          may provide, among other things, that all nursery stock shall be  
          kept free from pests of limited distribution or pests which are  
          not known to be established in the state.  The secretary may  
          prescribe methods of treatment for control of pests, require  
          isolation of infested or infected nursery stock, and make other  
          provisions as are reasonably necessary to ensure the relative  
          freedom from pests of all nursery stock which is produced or  
          sold within the state.  (Food and Agricultural code section  
          6902.)  CDFA licenses nurseries in the state.  Licensed  
          nurseries must pay a fee of no less than $180 for administering  
          nursery regulations and nursery stock grades and standards.  
          (Food and Agricultural code section 6723.)  Failure to comply  
          with a lawful order by the secretary is a misdemeanor and  
          punishable by a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $1,000,  
          or by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than six  
          months, or by both fine and imprisonment. (Food and Agriculture  
          code section 53541)

           FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Senate Appropriation Committee,  
          the program may cost up to $250,000 per year from special funds.

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author, the $1.2 billion California  
          citrus industry is under threat from several destructive citrus  
          diseases, including Citrus Canker and Huanglongbing (HLB).  To  
          date, there are no known controls for these diseases other than  
          removing and destroying infected groves.  After a 2005 discovery  
          in Florida, it took only two years for HLB to transmit to all 32  
          Florida citrus producing counties. 

          In September and October 2008, CDFA placed a quarantine on  
          southern San Diego County and southern Imperial County for the  
          Asian citrus psyllid, a known carrier of HLB.  CDFA noted that  








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          HLB has not been detected in California.  The quarantine  
          highlights the threat facing the California citrus industry.  

          Currently, California has a voluntary program to test and  
          certify that citrus be free of pests and diseases.  This  
          voluntary program does not recognize the establishment of new  
          pests or diseases, such as HLB.

          According to the author and supporters, a source propagative  
          tree is a top stock tree or "mother tree" from which new nursery  
          stock is grown.  By ensuring that source propagative trees are  
          free of pests and diseases, there is a greater ability to limit  
          the spread of harmful pests and diseases.

          Supporters stated a mandatory program will provide greater  
          protection to the citrus industry by reducing the number of  
          pests and diseases threatening the industry.   Furthermore, CDFA  
          will have the authority to add new pests and diseases to the  
          program when testing has been proven effective.

          Opponents state that this bill gives CDFA broad powers to  
          establish and enforce new regulations with little oversight and  
          that it allows CDFA to levy new unlimited fees.  Also, this bill  
          does not provide any compensation to citrus nursery for loss of  
          stock due to inspection.

          SB 1466 (Corbett) of 2008 would have required CDFA to develop a  
          Citrus Nursery Stock Pest Cleanliness program.  It was held in  
          the Assembly Appropriation Committee on suspense.  SB 140 has  
          narrowed that focus from all citrus nursery stock to only citrus  
          nursery source propagative trees.

           RELATED LEGISLATION : AB 281 (De Leon) of 2009 creates the  
          California Citrus Disease Prevention Committee (CCDPC) in CDFA,  
          with the purpose of preventing and controlling citrus diseases  
          in California, and allows CCDPC to levy fees on citrus producers  
          to pay for citrus disease detection and control programs.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :  

           Support 
           
          California Citrus Nursery Society
          TreeSourse, Citrus Nursery 
          Willits & Newcomb, Inc., The Citrus Nursery








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          ZCitrus

           Opposition 
           
          Young's Nursery, LLC
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :    Victor Francovich / AGRI. / (916)  
          319-2084