BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                SB 228
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                        Senator S. Joseph Simitian, Chairman
                              2009-2010 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 228
           AUTHOR:     DeSaulnier
           AMENDED:    April 13, 2009
           FISCAL:     No                HEARING DATE:     May 4, 2009
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:       Randy Pestor
            
           SUBJECT  :    PLASTIC BAGS

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  , under the California Integrated Waste Management  
           Act of 1989:

           1) Defines American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)  
              "Standards for Compostable Plastics" and "Standard  
              Specification for Non-Floating Biodegradable Plastics in  
              the Marine Environment."  (Public Resources Code 42356).

           2) Prohibits a person from selling a plastic bag in this state  
              with the term "compostable" or "marine biodegradable"  
              unless the bag meets the applicable ASTM standard  
              specification (#1 above).  (42357).

           3) Sets procedures for the California Integrated Waste  
              Management Board (IWMB) to review a new ASTM standard  
              specification or other standard developed by another  
              entity.  (42356.1).

            This bill  :

           1) Requires a manufacturer of a compostable plastic or marine  
              biodegradable bag meeting the ASTM standard to ensure that  
              the bag is readily and easily identifiable from other  
              plastic bags.

           2) Defines "readily and easily identifiable" as being:  a)  
              labeled with a recognized certification logo; and b) a  
              uniform green color bag labeled with the word "compostable"  
              on one side of the bag at least 1" in height, or labeled  









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              with the word "compostable" on both sides of the bag  
              meeting certain requirements.

           3) Prohibits a compostable bag sold in this state from  
              displaying a chasing arrow resin identification code or  
              recycling type of symbol in any form.

            COMMENTS  :

            1) Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, "The use of  
              compostable bags is increasing, leading local governments  
              to establish organics separation and composting.   
              Currently, there is no way to visibly tell the difference  
              between compostable, marine degradable, and 'virgin'  
              plastic bags."  The author notes that virgin plastic bags,  
              also known as conventional bags not made of recycled  
              material and made of first time use plastic pellets, get  
              into the compost stream and contaminate the compost leading  
              to higher processing costs.

           According to the author, "This bill seeks to remedy this by  
              requiring bags that meet the compostable and marine  
              degradable standards as set in current law . . . to be  
              readily and easily identifiable for the purposes of  
              separating these bags from 'virgin' plastic bags in the  
              recycling and composting streams."

            2) Related requirements and legislation  .  SB 951 (Hart)  
              Chapter 1076, Statutes of 1993, enacted the Plastic Trash  
              Bag Law to require recycled plastic postconsumer material  
              in certain types of plastic trash bags.  SB 698 (Rainey)  
              Chapter 44, Statutes of 1998, revised various procedures  
              relating to these provisions to enable postconsumer  
              materials to be in other plastic products of the  
              manufacturer.  In response to concerns about manufacturers  
              that violate the law, SB 698 added a debarment provision  
              that made these violators ineligible for state contract  
              awards until they comply with the requirements and  
              prohibits the state from soliciting offers from, or  
              awarding contracts to, those firms.  SB 698 also required  
              the IWMB to publish a list of violators.











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           SB 1749 (Karnette) Chapter 619, Statutes of 2004, prohibited  
              persons from selling a plastic bag labeled as  
              "compostable," "biodegradable," "degradable," or any form  
              of those terms, unless the plastic bag meets certain  
              requirements.  AB 1023 (DeSaulnier) Chapter 143, Statutes  
              of 2007, exempts these bags from the Plastic Trash Bag Law.

           AB 2147 (Harman) Chapter 349, Statutes of 2006, prohibited  
              persons from selling plastic food and beverage containers  
              labeled as "compostable," "biodegradable," "degradable," or  
              any form of those terms, unless the containers meet certain  
              requirements.

           AB 2071 (Karnette) Chapter 570, Statutes of 2008, set  
              penalties for violations of the plastic bag and food  
              container requirements.

           AB 1972 (DeSaulnier) Chapter 436, Statutes of 2008,  
              specifically defined the ASTM standard for biodegradable  
              and compostable bags, and plastic food and beverage  
              containers; revised the prohibited terms; and set IWMB  
              procedures for reviewing new standards.

            3) Outstanding issues  .  Current law requires a rigid plastic  
              bottle or container to be labeled with a code that  
              indicates the resin used to produce the rigid plastic  
              bottle or container.  SB 228 includes two requirements,  
              with the second requirement offering two alternative  
              methods of compliance for compostable bags - which is not  
              as clear as resin codes for plastic bottles or containers.   
              Four issues should be addressed.

           First, this bill requires a "recognized certification label",  
              such as that of the Biodegradable Products Institute logo,  
              as meeting the ASTM standards.  However, while the  
              Institute certifies a product as meeting ASTM D6400, it  
              does not certify ASTM D7081.  Moreover, it may not be  
              appropriate to rely on an Institute composed of resin  
              suppliers and biodegradable product manufacturers and  
              distributors to certify products.  Instead, it may be more  
              appropriate to:  a) establish a particular code or logo;  
              and b) require a state entity, such as the IWMB, to verify  










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              that a product meets a particular standard after the  
              product has been certified.

           Second, this bill also requires a label with the word  
              "compostable" at least 1" in height on one side of the bag  
              if the bag is a uniform green color, or the word  
              "compostable" at least 1" in height with certain coloring  
              on two sides of the bag.  Letters at least 1" in height may  
              not fit on all sizes of plastic bags.  

           Third, SB 228 applies the new labeling requirements to bags  
              meeting the ASTM standard specified by definition under  
              current law.  Amendments are needed to ensure labeling  
              requirements also apply to new standards that may be  
              adopted by the IWMB.

           Finally, if a recycling code is to be prohibited on a  
              compostable plastic bag, it may be appropriate to also  
              prohibit the code on a marine degradable bag.

            SOURCE  :        Biodegradable Products Institute  

           SUPPORT :       California Film Extruders & Converters  
                          Association, Heritage Bag Company, Metabolix,  
                          Inc.  

           OPPOSITION  :    None on file