BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 237|
          |Office of Senate Floor Analyses   |                         |
          |1020 N Street, Suite 524          |                         |
          |(916) 651-1520         Fax: (916) |                         |
          |327-4478                          |                         |
           ------------------------------------------------------------ 
           
                                         
                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 237
          Author:   Calderon (D)
          Amended:  6/17/09
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE BUS. PROF. AND ECON. DEVEL. COMMITTEE  :  8-1, 4/13/09
           AYES:  Negrete McLeod, Wyland, Corbett, Florez, Oropeza,  
            Romero, Walters, Yee
          NOES:  Aanestad
          NO VOTE RECORED:  Correa

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 4/27/09
          AYES:  Kehoe, Cox, DeSaulnier, Leno, Oropeza, Walters,  
            Wolk, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Corbett, Denham, Hancock, Runner, Wyland

           SENATE FLOOR  :  35-0, 5/6/09
          AYES:  Alquist, Ashburn, Benoit, Calderon, Cogdill,  
            Corbett, Correa, Cox, Denham, Ducheny, Dutton, Florez,  
            Hancock, Harman, Hollingsworth, Huff, Kehoe, Leno, Liu,  
            Lowenthal, Maldonado, Negrete McLeod, Oropeza, Padilla,  
            Pavley, Romero, Simitian, Steinberg, Strickland, Walters,  
            Wiggins, Wolk, Wright, Wyland, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Aanestad, Cedillo, DeSaulnier, Runner,  
            Vacancy

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  63-9, 8/20/09 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Real estate appraisers

            SOURCE  :     California Government Relations Subcommittee  
                                                           CONTINUED





                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          2

                      of the 
                         Appraisal Institute


           DIGEST  :    This bill creates a registration program for  
          appraisal management companies (AMCs), as defined, within  
          the Office of Real Estate Appraisers, and requires AMCs to  
          meet similar existing licensing program requirements for  
          independent appraisers.  This bill also specifies and  
          clarifies prohibited acts by AMCs as well as others who  
          have an interest in a real estate transaction involving an  
          appraisal.

           Assembly Amendments  revise the definition of an AMC, (2)  
          revise the definition of the controlling person of an AMC,  
          (3) clarify the information that must be included by an AMC  
          in its application for registration, (4) clearly identify  
          the requirements that apply to AMCs, by placing these  
          requirements into code sections separate from those that  
          apply to existing appraisal licensees, and (5) make related  
          technical and clarifying changes.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law, the California Real Estate Appraisers'  
          Licensing and Certification Law (REALC Law):

           1.Provides for the licensure and regulation of real estate  
             appraisers by the Office of Real Estate Appraisers (REA  
             Office) and vests the duty of enforcing and  
             administering the REALC Law in the Director of the REA  
             Office and provides that the REA Office is under the  
             supervision and control of the Secretary of the  
             Business, Transportation and Housing Agency (BT&H).

           2.Defines "appraisal" as a written statement independently  
             and impartially prepared by a qualified appraiser  
             setting forth an opinion in a federally related  
             transaction as to the market value of an adequately  
             described property as of a specific date, supported by  
             the presentation and analysis of relevant market  
             information.

           3.Specifies that no person may assume or use the title of  







                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          3

             a "state licensed or certified real estate appraiser,"  
             or perform, make, or approve and sign an appraisal  
             unless they hold a current valid license issued by the  
             REA Office.

           4.Provides that the Director shall adopt regulations  
             governing the process and procedure of the licensing and  
             certification of real estate appraisers and that this  
             shall include, among other things, background checks  
             including fingerprinting with the Department of Justice  
             (DOJ), necessary experience, education, continuing  
             education, equivalency, and minimum requirements of the  
             Appraisal Foundation and federal law.

           5.Provides that the Director may issue citations and  
             assess fines, or take other administrative or  
             disciplinary actions as necessary to enforce the REALC  
             Law.

           6.Authorizes the Director, by regulation, to prescribe  
             fees lower than the maximum fees specified to offset the  
             cost incurred for administration.

           7.Requires the REA Office to transmit annually to the  
             Appraiser Subcommittee a roster of persons licensed or  
             certified within California.

           8.Specifies that a licensee shall report to the REA Office  
             within 30 days if they have been convicted of a crime,  
             or the revocation or suspension of a license or any  
             other authority to practice granted by another agency.

           9.Specifies that the Uniform Standards of Professional  
             Appraisal Practice (USPAP) constitutes the minimum  
             standard of conduct and performance for a licensee in  
             any work or service performed that is addressed by those  
             standards and that if a licensee is also certified by  
             the Board of Equalization, that he/she shall follow the  
             standards established by the Board of Equalization when  
             fulfilling his/her responsibilities for assessment  
             purposes.

           Existing law, the Civil Code  , provides that no person with  
          an interest in a real estate transaction involving an  







                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          4

          appraisal shall improperly influence or attempt to  
          improperly influence, through coercion, extortion, or  
          bribery, the development, reporting, result, or review of a  
          real estate appraisal sought in connection with a mortgage  
          loan, and also specifies permissible acts which can be  
          requested of an appraiser by a person with an interest in a  
          real estate transaction.

          This bill:

           1.Prohibits any person or entity from acting in the  
             capacity of an AMC without first obtaining a certificate  
             for registration from the Office of Real Estate  
             Appraisers (OREA)

           2.Defines "AMC" as any person or entity that employs 11 or  
             more appraisers, or administers networks of 11 or more  
             independent contractor appraisers, to perform appraisals  
             for clients; receives requests for appraisals from one  
             or more clients and, for a fee paid by a client, employs  
             or enters into an agreement with one or more independent  
             appraisers to complete the appraisals contained in the  
             request, or otherwise serves as a third-party broker of  
             appraisals between clients and appraisers.

           3.Specifies under what circumstances or conditions a  
             person or entity is not an AMC when they contract with  
             an independent appraiser.  This includes a bank, credit  
             union, trust company, savings and loan association,  
             etc., or a licensed finance lender or residential  
             mortgage lender, or a licensed real estate broker, or  
             any person licensed to practice law in this state who  
             orders an appraisal in connection on behalf of a client.

           4.Defines a "controlling person" as one or more of the  
             following:

             A.    An officer or director of an AMC, or an  
                individual with a 10 percent ownership interest in  
                an AMC.

             B.    An individual employed, appointed, or authorized  
                by an AMC who has the authority to enter into a  
                contractual relationship with clients for the  







                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          5

                performance of appraisal services and who has the  
                authority to enter into agreements with independent  
                appraisers for the completion of appraisals.

             C.    An individual who possesses the power to direct  
                or cause the direction of the management or  
                policies of an AMC.

          5. Authorizes OREA to impose administrative fines of up to  
             $10,000 per violation and establishes related appeals  
             processes.

          6. Requires AMCs to identify "controlling persons," as  
             defined, and prohibits certain persons from serving as  
             controlling persons (generally persons who have been  
             convicted of specified crimes or had their appraisal  
             licenses revoked).

          7. Requires OREA to adopt regulations governing the process  
             and procedure of applying for registration as an AMC and  
             to provide information as specified.

          8. Requires an applicant for an AMC certificate of  
             registration to demonstrate that its contracts include  
             the following provisions:

             A.    Any independent contractor appraisers possess  
                all required licenses and certificates from OREA.

             B.    The work of independent contractor appraisers  
                are performed in compliance with Uniform Standards  
                of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP).

             C.    The AMC maintains a detailed record of each  
                service request and the independent contractor  
                appraiser selected for the assignment.

           9.Prohibits any person or entity acting in the capacity of  
             an AMC from improperly influencing or attempting to  
             improperly influence the development, reporting, result,  
             or review of any appraisal.

          10.Prohibits any person or entity from structuring an  
             appraisal assignment or a contract with an independent  







                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          6

             appraiser for the purpose of evading the law relating to  
             AMCs.

          11.Prohibits an AMC from altering, modifying, or otherwise  
             changing a completed appraisal report submitted by an  
             independent appraiser.

          12.Repeals the provisions of this bill 60 days after the  
             effective date of a federal law that mandates  
             registration or licensing of AMCs.

          13.Requires OREA to establish the fees to be paid by AMCs  
             and that are sufficient to cover the costs incurred by  
             the OREA.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  Yes   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee  
          analysis:

          1. One-time special fund costs of approximately $60,000 in  
             addition to absorbable costs for promulgating regulation  
             changes, updating the existing database, developing  
             application and complaint forms, and staff training.

          2. On-going special fund costs of approximately $120,000  
             which under the provisions of the bill will be fully  
             offset by fee revenue.

          3. Cost estimates are based on the assumption that 150  
             appraisal management companies may be required to  
             register, resulting in annual fees of about $800 per AMC  
             to cover all costs.

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/20/09)

          California Government Relations Subcommittee of the  
          Appraisal Institute (source)

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the Sponsor, the  
          Appraisal Institute (AI), this bill is designed to respond  
          to the growth of AMCs in real estate transactions.  As  
          federal regulators have required greater separation of real  







                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          7

          estate lenders and brokers from those who order appraisals,  
          more lenders have engaged the services of third-party AMCs  
          to manage the process of ordering and receiving appraisals.  
           The problem, as stated by AI, is that while lenders,  
          brokers and appraisers are all regulated entities, no  
          entity has any enforcement authority whatever over the  
          activities of AMCs.  No regulator has any authority to make  
          sure that AMCs do not engage in activities that is  
          prohibited by lenders or brokers, including pressuring  
          appraisers to inflate the values of real estate; the exact  
          activity that has been identified as one component of the  
          subprime lending crisis.

          The Sponsor indicates that this bill is narrowly tailored  
          to fill this regulatory gap within the existing structure  
          of California's appraiser licensing and certification law  
          and simply requires AMCs to register with REA Office,  
          identify owners and controlling persons within the  
          companies, and refrain from specified acts designed to  
          pressure appraisers into achieving pre-determined values.   
          The Sponsor states that this bill is actually narrower than  
          bills enacted recently in other states, creates no new  
          licensing scheme and has nothing to do with limiting  
          competition or regulating fees.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :     
           
           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Adams, Ammiano, Arambula, Beall, Bill Berryhill, Tom  
            Berryhill, Block, Blumenfield, Brownley, Buchanan,  
            Caballero, Carter, Chesbro, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De  
            Leon, Emmerson, Eng, Evans, Feuer, Fletcher, Fong,  
            Fuentes, Fuller, Furutani, Gilmore, Hall, Harkey,  
            Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman, Jones,  
            Krekorian, Lieu, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Monning,  
            Nava, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen, John A. Perez, V. Manuel  
            Perez, Portantino, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Silva,  
            Skinner, Smyth, Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson,  
            Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Tran, Yamada, Bass
          NOES:  Anderson, Conway, DeVore, Gaines, Garrick, Hagman,  
            Jeffries, Knight, Logue
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Blakeslee, Charles Calderon, Cook,  
            Duvall, Galgiani, Miller, Villines, Vacancy








                                                                SB 237
                                                                Page  
          8


          JJA:do  8/24/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

                                ****  END  ****