BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 291|
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                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 291
          Author:   Calderon (D), et al
          Amended:  8/24/09
          Vote:     27 - Urgency

           
          PRIOR VOTES NOT RELEVANT

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  74-0, 8/27/09 (Consent) - See last page  
            for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Insurance reserves

           SOURCE  :     Mortgage Insurance Companies of America


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires mortgage guaranty insurers to  
          notify the Commissioner of the Department of Insurance if  
          surplus amounts fall below required amounts.  This bill  
          also increases the discretion afforded the Insurance  
          Commissioner to issue a waiver of surplus requirements, as  
          appropriate.
           
          Assembly Amendments  deleted the prior version of the bill,  
          which was a Senate Banking, Finance and Insurance Committee  
          bill dealing with insurance regulations, and instead added  
          the current language.

           ANALYSIS  :    

          Existing law: 

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          1. Requires all insurers licensed to transact insurance in  
             California to file annual and quarterly financial  
             statements, an annual audit by a licensed certified  
             public accountant, and such other financial information  
             as the Insurance Commissioner (IC) deems appropriate. 

          2. Authorizes the IC to require any licensed insurer to  
             file additional financial statements, including monthly  
             statements, if the IC, in his/her discretion, deems it  
             necessary for the protection of the public. 

          3. Provides the IC with broad authority to examine all  
             aspects of the financial condition of any licensed  
             insurer, including having financial examiners examine  
             the insurer's books and records on site, at the expense  
             of the insurer. 

          4. Provides the IC with broad authority to issue orders to  
             any insurer, including orders to cease writing new  
             business in California, to obtain new capital as a  
             condition of continued writing, or other orders deemed  
             necessary by the IC to protect the public. 

          5. Authorizes the IC to issue a seizure order without a  
             hearing and to immediately seize control of the assets,  
             property and operations of an insurer if the insurer is  
             insolvent or the continued operation of the insurer  
             would be hazardous to its policyholders, creditors or to  
             the public. 

          6. Defines "mortgage guaranty insurance" as insurance  
             against financial loss as the result of the nonpayment  
             of principal, interest or other sums agreed to be paid  
             on a note or loan secured by a mortgage or deed of trust  
             on real estate. 

          This bill:

          1. Specifies that the required amount of policyholder  
             surplus that a mortgage guaranty insurer must maintain  
             shall exclude the principal amount of a loan that is in  
             default if the insurer has set aside a separate loss  
             reserve for that loan, and the reserve is equal to or  
             greater than the amount of surplus that would have been  







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             required for that loan.

          2. Requires the insurer to notify the IC, at least 60 days  
             prior to the time the policyholder's surplus is  
             estimated to fall below the amount required by a  
             statutory formula, and allows the insurer to request a  
             waiver from the IC to continue to transact new business.  


          3. States, if the IC fails to issue an order in response to  
             the waiver request within 60 days after the insurer  
             requests a waiver, the insurer may continue transacting  
             new business until the IC issues an order. 

          4. Provides that the IC may retain, at the insurer's  
             expense, any experts necessary to evaluate the waiver  
             request.  

          5. Requires the insurer to reimburse the IC for the cost of  
             a hearing held pursuant to this bill unless the insurer  
             has expressly waived the right to a hearing. 

          6. States that nothing in the bill is intended to limit the  
             IC's authority under any other provision of law.

           Background  

          Most residential property loans for more than 80 percent of  
          the appraised value of the home can be made by lenders only  
          if there is mortgage guaranty insurance on the loan.   
          Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the two primary secondary  
          market purchasers of home loans, both require this  
          insurance.  FHA loans, and loans that a lender keeps in its  
          own portfolio, are not subject to this requirement.   
          However, the vast majority of loans are placed into the  
          secondary market, and a substantial contraction of the  
          availability of mortgage guaranty insurance would  
          unquestionably lead to a contraction of the availability of  
          loans to many borrowers. 

          There are six mortgage guaranty insurers licensed to  
          conduct business and currently transacting in California,  
          and as a result if even one of these companies was forced  
          to cease writing by an outdated, inflexible statutory  







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          formula, the market could be disrupted.  If several of  
          these insurers were forced to cease transacting business,  
          the consequences could be serious for the California  
          economy. 

          It is not surprising that mortgage guaranty insurers are  
          currently experiencing unusually high claims experience.   
          The record foreclosures that are currently occurring on  
          properties with market values below the level of debt are  
          causing mortgage guaranty insurers to pay unusually high  
          amounts in claims.  However, the whole structure of this  
          type of insurance is built on the premise of long periods  
          of relatively low claim experience followed by intervals  
          with short periods of high claims experience.  Thus, there  
          are special reserving requirements, risk concentration  
          rules, and other features designed to prepare mortgage  
          guaranty insurers to weather a market in today's condition.  
           The hang-up is an inflexible surplus ratio rule that was  
          adopted on the basis of one 1961 study that estimated a  
          range of "safe" ratios.  Most importantly, this fixed ratio  
          rule was adopted at a time when the IC did not have the  
          broad range of financial regulation tools now available to  
          him.  "Surplus" in this context refers to funds set aside  
          by the insurer in addition to required paid in capital, and  
          in addition to the highly regulated reserves for both known  
          and anticipated loss payments. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/28/09)

          Mortgage Insurance Companies of America (source)
          California Building Industry Association 


           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Adams, Ammiano, Anderson, Arambula, Beall, Bill  
            Berryhill, Tom Berryhill, Blakeslee, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Brownley, Buchanan, Caballero, Charles Calderon, Carter,  
            Chesbro, Conway, Cook, Coto, Davis, De La Torre, De Leon,  
            DeVore, Duvall, Emmerson, Eng, Feuer, Fletcher, Fong,  
            Fuller, Furutani, Gaines, Galgiani, Garrick, Gilmore,  
            Hagman, Harkey, Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huber, Huffman,  







                                                                SB 291
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            Jeffries, Jones, Knight, Krekorian, Lieu, Logue, Bonnie  
            Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Miller, Monning, Nava, Nestande,  
            Niello, Nielsen, John A. Perez, V. Manuel Perez,  
            Portantino, Ruskin, Salas, Silva, Skinner, Smyth,  
            Solorio, Audra Strickland, Swanson, Torlakson, Torres,  
            Torrico, Tran, Villines, Yamada
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Evans, Fuentes, Hall, Saldana, Bass,  
            Vacancy


          JJA:mw  8/28/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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