BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Gloria Romero, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 331
          AUTHOR:        Romero
          AMENDED:       April 2, 2009
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 22, 2009
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Migrant Education Program
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
          (SPI) and the statewide parent advisory council for the  
          Migrant Education Program (MEP) to develop, and revise as  
          necessary; the State Board of Education (SBE) adopted state  
          master plan for services to migrant children. The bill also  
          requires the collection of specified data on migrant  
          students by both state and local agencies, and increases  
          oversight and requires evaluation of the effectiveness of  
          local agencies that administer the MEP.  

           BACKGROUND  

          The Migrant Education Program (MEP) was created by the  
          federal government in 1966, to address the educational  
          needs of children whose family members are employed doing  
          seasonal agricultural work. Children are eligible to  
          participate in the MEP if they or their parents or  
          guardians are migrant workers in the agricultural, dairy,  
          lumber, or fishing industries, and their family has moved  
          for the purpose of finding temporary or seasonal employment  
          during the past three years. Migrant students are eligible  
          for program services from age 3 until they (1) attain a  
          high school diploma or its equivalent or (2) turn 21.

          Though funded almost entirely by federal funds California's  
          MEP is governed by both federal and state laws. While the  
          state law provides no funding, it does set out the  
          administrative framework for delivering local MEP services  
          through 23 Migrant Education Regional Offices serving 47 of  
          58 counties. CDE reports there are currently over 300,000  
          migrant students attending during the regular school year  




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          and 178,000 attending summer/intersession classes. 

          Current law requires that a Statewide Parent Advisory  
          Council (SPAC) participate in the planning, operation, and  
          evaluation of the state Migrant Education Program. Council  
          membership is comprised of individuals who are  
          knowledgeable of the needs of migrant children and are  
          nominated and elected by the parents of migrant children  
          enrolled in the operating agencies. At least two-thirds of  
          the members of the SPAC must be parents of migrant  
          children. The SPAC is required to meet a minimum of six  
          times a calendar year to provide input on issues relating  
          to the operation of the program. 

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Expands existing requirements of the State Master Plan  
               for services to migrant children.  Specifically it:

                    a)             Requires the Superintendent of  
                    Public Instruction (SPI) and the statewide parent  
                    advisory council for the Migrant Education  
                    Program (MEP) to develop and revise as necessary  
                    the State Board of Education adopted State Master  
                    Plan (Plan) for services to migrant children.

                    b)             Requires that the Plan include: 

                           i)                  An evaluation and  
                         monitoring component for oversight and  
                         evaluation of operating agencies, districts,  
                         and schools on an annual basis by the  
                         California Department of Education (CDE).

                           ii)     Collection of individual and  
                         aggregate data for migrant students, as  
                         specified.

                           iii)    Collection of individual and  
                         aggregate enrollment data regarding the  
                         number of migrant students enrolled in  
                         alternative education programs, as  
                         specified.





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          2)   Establishes new responsibilities for the SPI with  
               regard to the MEP.  Specifically it:

                    a)             Requires the SPI to develop a  
                    monitoring instrument and procedure for onsite  
                    monitoring of the entities receiving funds for  
                    the provision of migrant education services, and  
                    requires that monitoring for compliance with the  
                    State Master Plan and federal law occur at least  
                    every three years.

                    b)             Requires the SPI to develop a  
                    process and work with local entities providing  
                    MEP services to ensure that migrant youth  
                    enrolled in juvenile hall or other alternative  
                    education placements are identified and provided  
                    with migrant services and programs. 

          3)   Requires that Migrant Education Programs collect  
               individual and aggregate data, as specified.

          4)   Requires an application for the establishment of a  
               service region for the MEP to include evaluations of  
               annual pupil progress and overall program  
               effectiveness as well as quality control reports. 

          5)   Requires the refunding application of a local agency  
               providing MEP services to include an evaluation of the  
               overall program effectiveness for the prior year that  
               contains various information, as specified.

          6)   Requires, upon request and when practicable, copies of  
               documents, as specified, in a language understandable  
               to parent and requires that each regional and state  
               migrant education plan be provided to parents in that  
               language prior to its consideration for funding  
               approval.  

          7)   Makes a number of technical changes.

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Intent of the author  .  According to the author, for  
               more than 30 years the California Department of  
               Education (CDE) has worked under the same migrant  
               education plan without any Comprehensive Needs  




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               Assessment (CNA) or evaluation of its effectiveness.   
               Although a CNA was completed in 2007, the author  
               expresses concern that parental participation in this  
               process was very low and participation of parents  
               continues to be inadequate.  Additionally, millions of  
               federal dollars are allocated yearly with little data  
               collected on whether the money is being spent in  
               effective ways that increase academic achievement.  It  
               is the author's concern that there is a need to  
               increase parental involvement and increase the  
               accountability of the program.

           2)   Author's amendment  .  Staff has been informed that it  
               is the author's intent to amend the bill to require  
               that interpretation services be provided at each  
               parent advisory council meeting by an individual  
               trained in interpretation and fully fluent in English  
               and the second language.  Staff recommends the bill be  
               amended to reflect the author's intent.  
           
          3)   Comprehensive Needs Assessment (CNA)  . In response to  
               federal No Child Left Behind (NCLB) requirements as  
               well as the findings of a federal review team audit of  
               the CDE program in 2005, the department recently  
               completed an initial Comprehensive Needs Assessment  
               (2007) with respect to the state's Migrant Education  
               Program.  The report identified several findings,  
               including that:

               a)        Forty seven percent of migrant students  
                    attending public schools were in Program  
                    Improvement (PI) schools.  

               b)        The dropout rate for migrant students is  
                    believed to be well over 
                    50 percent, although reliable data on this  
               measure are unavailable.

               c)        The California Standards Tests show that  
                    only 12 percent of migrant students meet state  
                    standards in English-language arts compared with  
                    33 percent for non-migrant students.  Only 18  
                    percent meet mathematics state standards compared  
                    with 32 percent for non-migrant students.

               d)        Approximately 23 percent of migrant students  




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                    were significantly overage in kindergarten.

               e)        By 11th   grade, 22 percent of migrant high  
                    school students had not completed any a-g  
                    qualifying English courses.  

               The lack of "hard" data to inform the Comprehensive  
               Needs Assessment (CAN) was noted as one of the most  
               important findings of the entire process and the  
               Management Team recommended that a comprehensive study  
               be conducted on the data needs of the Migrant  
               Education Program (MEP) and that a plan be devised to  
               identify the specific responsibilities of the CDE,  
               regional offices, and school districts to collect,  
               store, and report data on migrant students and their  
               families.

           4)   Consistent with Legislative Analyst Office (LAO)  
               report  .  In 2006, the Legislative Analyst produced the  
               report, "Improving Services for Migrant Students." The  
               LAO reported that the existing model for delivering  
               the MEP has led to limited program accountability,  
               poor coordination with other student services, and  
               little statewide collaboration. Among its  
               recommendations, the LAO called for an expansion of  
               the state's migrant education data system to include  
               more data elements and that district and school  
               personnel be provided access to the enhanced system.  
               The LAO cited the importance of collecting consistent  
               information on these students and sharing it across  
               the state in order to ease their transitions and to  
               create more coordinated statewide MEP services.  The  
               LAO also identified the incorporation of additional  
               data fields regarding migrant students into the CSIS  
               system as one option for achieving this goal.   
               According to the CDE, most of the individual and  
               aggregate data identified for collection in the bill  
               is, or soon will be, available through the California  
               Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System (CALPADS). 

           5)   MEP funding  .  According to the CDE, the federal  
               California Migrant Education Program Allocation for  
               2008-09 was approximately $129 million.  About 86  
               percent ($110 million) is allocated to the regional  
               offices and one percent ($1.29 million) is directed to  
               the CDE for state administration costs.   The  




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               remaining funds are set aside for a variety of related  
               statewide programs.  

           SUPPORT  

          Youth Law Center

           OPPOSITION

           None received.