BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                             Senator Mark Leno, Chair                S
                             2009-2010 Regular Session               B

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          SB 352 (Dutton)                                             
          As Amended April 16, 2009 
          Hearing date:  April 28, 2009
          Health and Safety and Welfare and Institutions Codes
          AA:br

                                   JUVENILE JUSTICE  :  

               PLACEMENT OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS IN COMMUNITY FACILITIES  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  San Bernardino County

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support: San Bernardino County Sheriff's Department; San  
                   Bernardino County District Attorney's Office; Riverside  
                   County District Attorney's Office

          Opposition:None known


                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          should a number of changes concerning sharing information about  
          delinquent wards of the juvenile court who are placed in licensed  
          community facilities, including gang affiliation, be made, as  
          specified?


                                       PURPOSE





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          The purpose of this bill is to make a number of changes  
          concerning sharing information about delinquent wards of the  
          juvenile court who are placed in licensed community facilities,  
          including gang affiliation, as specified.
          
           Under current law  , the purpose of juvenile court law "is to  
          provide for the protection and safety of the public and each  
          minor under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court and to  
          preserve and strengthen the minor's family ties whenever  
          possible, removing the minor from the custody of his or her  
          parents only when necessary for his or her welfare or for the  
          safety and protection of the public."  (Welfare and Institutions  
          Code ("WIC")  202.)

               Minors under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court  
               as a consequence of delinquent conduct shall, in  
               conformity with the interests of public safety and  
               protection, receive care, treatment, and guidance  
               that is consistent with their best interest, that  
               holds them accountable for their behavior, and that  
               is appropriate for their circumstances.  This  
               guidance may include punishment that is consistent  
               with the rehabilitative objectives of this chapter.   
               (Id.)

           Current law  expressly defines the scope and nature of  
          "punishment" in the juvenile court:

               As used in this chapter, "punishment" means the  
               imposition of sanctions.  It shall not include a  
               court order to place a child in foster care as  
               defined by Section 727.3.  Permissible sanctions may  
               include the following:

                   (1)         Payment of a fine by the minor.
                   (2)         Rendering of compulsory service  
                   without compensation performed for the  
                   benefit of the community by the minor.
                   (3)         Limitations on the minor's  
                   liberty imposed as a condition of probation  




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                   or parole.
                   (4)         Commitment of the minor to a  
                   local detention or treatment facility, such  
                   as a juvenile hall, camp, or ranch.
                   (5)         Commitment of the minor to the  
                   Department of the Youth Authority.

               "Punishment," for the purposes of this chapter, does  
               not include retribution.  (Id.)
           
          Current law  provides that when a minor is adjudged a delinquent  
          ward of the court, "the court may make any and all reasonable  
          orders for the care, supervision, custody, conduct, maintenance,  
          and support of the minor, . . . ."   Current law  generally  
          authorizes the juvenile court to place a minor as specified,  
          including in any of the following placements:

            (1)   The approved home of a relative, or the approved  
            home of a nonrelative, extended family member as  
            defined in Section 362.7.  When a decision has been  
            made to place the minor in the home of a relative, the  
            court may authorize the relative to give legal consent  
            for the minor's medical, surgical, and dental care and  
            education as if the relative caretaker were the  
            custodial parent of the minor.

            (2)   A suitable licensed community care facility.
            (3)   With a foster family agency to be placed in a  
            suitable licensed foster family home or certified  
            family home which has been certified by the agency as  
            meeting licensing standards.  (WIC  727.)

           Under current law  , the term "placement agency" includes a  
          probation department which is engaged in finding homes or other  
          places for placement for temporary or permanent care.  (Health  
          and Safety Code  1536.1.)

           Current law  requires a placement agency to "notify the  
          appropriate licensing agency of any known or suspected incidents  
          which would jeopardize the health or safety of residents in a  




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          community care facility.  Reportable incidents include, but are  
          not limited to, all of the following:

            (1)   Incidents of physical abuse.
            (2)   Any violation of personal rights.
            (3)   Any situation in which a facility is unclean,  
            unsafe, unsanitary, or in poor condition.
            (4)   Any situation in which a facility has  
            insufficient personnel or incompetent personnel on  
            duty.
            (5)   Any situation in which residents experience  
            mental or verbal abuse.  (Health and Safety Code   
            1536.1 (f).)

           This bill  would revise this provision to include a specific  
          reference to sexual abuse.

          This bill  also would revise this provision to add the following  
          additional, specific "reportable incident."  "A situation in  
          which residents are inadequately supervised."

           This bill  would make additional purely technical changes to this  
          section.

           Current law  authorizes the Department of Social Services (DSS),  
          which licenses the types of facilities that are the subject of  
          this bill, to provide all inspection reports given to the  
          facility by the department during the past year as a result of a  
          substantiated complaint regarding a violation of this chapter  
          relating to resident abuse and neglect, food, sanitation,  
          incidental medical care, and residential supervision to the  
          board members of the licensed facility, parents, legal  
          guardians, conservators, clients' rights advocates, or placement  
          agencies, as specified.  (Health and Safety Code  1538.5.)  For  
          group homes DSS may share these reports with the county where  
          the facility is located.  In addition, group homes must maintain  
          copies of all of these inspection reports for the past three  
          years, as specified.  (Id., subd. (a)(2) and (3).)

           Current law  further requires that these facilities transmit and  




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          retain records for, as specified, all substantiated reports to  
          the above-enumerated persons in the following cases, with  
          specified civil sanctions if they fail to do so:

            (1)   In the case of a substantiated complaint relating  
            to resident physical or sexual abuse, the facility  
            shall have three days from the date the facility  
            receives the licensing report from the state department  
            to comply.

            (2)   In any case in which a facility has received  
            three or more substantiated complaints relating to the  
            same violation during the past 12 months, the facility  
            shall have five days from the date the facility  
            receives the licensing report to comply.  (Id., subds.  
            (b) (c) and (d).)

           Current law  requires licensed group homes to give the county a  
          copy of all incident reports prepared by the group home facility  
          and given to a placement agency in a county other than the county  
          in which the group home facility is located, that involved a  
          response by local law enforcement or emergency services  
          personnel, as specified.  (Health and Safety Code  1538.5 (e).)

          This bill  would include "runaway incidents" in this provision.

           Current law  requires that, prior to transmitting copies of  
          incident reports to the county, the group home facility shall  
          redact the name of any child referenced in the incident reports,  
          and other identifying information regarding any child referenced  
          in the reports, and the identity and location of the placement  
          agency of any child referenced in the reports.  (Id.)

           This bill  would delete from this provision the requirement that  
          the identity and location of the placement agency of any child  
          referenced in the reports be redacted.

          This bill  would make additional purely technical changes to this  
          section.





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           Current law  provides that no licensed community care facility  
          may receive a delinquent ward of the juvenile court until the  
          probation officer of the county in which the community care  
          facility is located has received written notice of the  
          placement, as specified, including the name of the ward, the  
          juvenile record of the ward, including any known prior offenses,  
          and the ward's county of residence, from the probation officer  
          of the county making the placement, or in the case of a ward in  
          the Division of Juvenile Justice, the parole officer in charge  
          of the case.  (Health and Safety Code  1576.3 (a).)

           This bill  would revise this provision to include known gang  
          affiliation in the written notice of the placement.

           This bill  additionally would require the facility to maintain a  
          copy of this notice, as specified, and make additional technical  
          changes.



           Current law  requires the probation officer of a county making an  
          out-of-county placement of a delinquent ward of the juvenile  
          court to notify the probation officer of the county in which the  
          community care facility is located within 24 hours of receipt of  
          the ward by the licensed community care facility.  If the ward  
          is received on a weekend or holiday, notification shall be made  
          by the end of the next business day.  (Health and Safety Code   
          1567.3 (b).)

          This bill would change this to require this notice occur at  
          least 24 hours prior to the ward being placed in the facility.


           This bill  would additionally require a probation officer of a  
          county making an out-of-county placement of a ward of the  
          juvenile court to also send, at that time, a copy of the  
          notification to the community care facility where the ward is  
          being placed.   This bill  would make an additional technical  
          amendment to this subdivision.
          




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           Current law  provides that any delinquent ward of the juvenile  
          court who is placed in a community care facility shall be placed  
          in a community care facility within his or her county of  
          residence, unless both of the following apply:

            (1)   He or she has identifiable needs requiring  
            specialized care that cannot be provided in a local  
            facility, or his or her needs dictate physical  
            separation from his or her family.

            (2)   The county of residence agrees to pay the  
            placement county the costs of providing services to  
            the minor, as specified.  (Welfare and Institutions  
            Code  740 (a).)

           Current law  requires that, before the placement of a delinquent  
          minor in any community care facility outside the ward's county  
          of residence, the probation officer of the county making the  
          placement, or DJJ in the case of a ward in DJJ, shall send  
          written notice of the placement, including the name of the ward,  
          the juvenile record of the ward (including any known prior  
          offenses), and the ward's county of residence, to the probation  
          officer of the county in which the community care facility is  
          located. (WIC  740 (b).)

           Current statute  states "It is the intention of the Legislature,  
          in regard to this requirement, that the probation officer of the  
          county making the placement, (or DJJ) shall make his or her best  
          efforts to send, or to hand deliver, the notice at the same time  
          the placement is made."  (Id.)

           This bill  would revise these provisions to expand the methods of  
          delivery, as specified, and to change the legislative intent to  
          be that the notice is made at least 24 hours prior to the time  
          the placement is made.   This bill  would make additional,  
          technical changes to this language.



           Current law  provides that when "it has been determined that a  




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          ward whose board and care is funded through the Aid to Families  
          with Dependent Children-Foster Care program is to be placed  
          out-of-county and that the sending county is to maintain  
          responsibility for supervision and visitation of the ward, the  
          sending county shall develop a plan of supervision and  
          visitation activities to be performed, and shall specify that  
          the sending county is responsible for performing those  
          activities.  The sending county shall send to the receiving  
          county a copy of the plan of supervision and visitation, in  
          addition to the notice of placement . . ., prior to placement of  
          the ward.  If placement occurs on a holiday or weekend, the plan  
          of supervision and visitation and the notice of placement shall  
          be provided to the receiving county on or before the end of the  
          next business day."  (WIC  740 (b)(3).)

           This bill  would revise this subdivision to include a requirement  
          that, in "addition to the plan of supervision and visitation,  
          the sending county shall document information regarding known or  
          suspected gang affiliation or dangerous behavior of the ward  
          that indicates the ward may pose a safety concern in the  
          receiving county."

           Current law  provides that when it has been determined that a  
          ward whose placement is funded through the Aid to Families with  
          Dependent Children-Foster Care program is to be placed  
          out-of-county and the sending county plans that the receiving  
          county shall be responsible for the supervision and visitation  
          of the ward, the sending county shall develop a formal agreement  
          between the sending and receiving counties, and a case plan, as  
          specified.  (WIC  740 (b)(4).)

           This bill  would require that the case plan include information  
          regarding known or suspected gang affiliation or dangerous  
          behavior of the ward that indicates the ward may pose a safety  
          concern for the receiving county.

           Current law  authorizes but does not require the probation  
          department of a receiving county that has a group home in which  
          a minor is placed by the probation department of another county,  
          after adjudication of the minor for any felony offense, to  




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          disclose to the sheriff of the receiving county or to the  
          municipal police department of the city in which the group home  
          is located, the name of the minor, the felony offense or  
          offenses for which the minor has been adjudicated, and the  
          address of the group home.  (WIC  740 (b)(5).)

           This bill  would make this disclosure mandatory.


          This bill  would require that, "at the request of the probation  
          department of the county in which the group home facility is  
          located, the group home shall notify a probation official  
          designated by the probation department to receive notifications  
          . . . of unusual incidents concerning a ward placed by the  
          sending county that involved a response by local law enforcement  
          or emergency services personnel, including runaway incidents.   
          The notification shall include identifying information about the  
          ward.  A group home facility shall notify the designated  
          probation official of a requesting probation department of an  
          unusual incident no later than the applicable deadline imposed  
          by law or department regulation for a group home facility to  
          notify the licensing agency of the unusual incident.  The group  
          home facility shall be held harmless for inappropriate use of  
          identifying information about the ward that is contained in the  
          notification by the requesting probation department, or any  
          other party to whom the requesting probation department makes  
          the notification available."  (emphasis added.)



           This bill  would provide that "gang affiliation" for purposes of  
          WIC Section 740 "shall have the same meaning as defined for data  
          entry into the CalGang system."
                                          
              RECEIVERSHIP/OVERCROWDING CRISIS AGGRAVATION IMPLICATIONS
          
          California continues to face a severe prison overcrowding  
          crisis.  The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR)  
          currently has about 170,000 inmates under its jurisdiction.  Due  
          to a lack of traditional housing space available, the department  




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          houses roughly 15,000 inmates in gyms and dayrooms.   
          California's prison population has increased by 125% (an average  
          of 4% annually) over the past 20 years, growing from 76,000  
          inmates to 171,000 inmates, far outpacing the state's population  
          growth rate for the age cohort with the highest risk of  
          incarceration.<1>

          In December of 2006 plaintiffs in two federal lawsuits against  
          CDCR sought a court-ordered limit on the prison population  
          pursuant to the federal Prison Litigation Reform Act.  On  
          February 9, 2009, the three-judge federal court panel issued a  
          tentative ruling that included the following conclusions with  
          respect to overcrowding:

               No party contests that California's prisons are  
               overcrowded, however measured, and whether considered  
               in comparison to prisons in other states or jails  
               within this state.  There are simply too many  
               prisoners for the existing capacity.  The Governor,  
               the principal defendant, declared a state of emergency  
               in 2006 because of the "severe overcrowding" in  
               California's prisons, which has caused "substantial  
               risk to the health and safety of the men and women who  
               work inside these prisons and the inmates housed in  
               them."  . . .  A state appellate court upheld the  
               Governor's proclamation, holding that the evidence  
               supported the existence of conditions of "extreme  
               peril to the safety of persons and property."  
               (citation omitted)  The Governor's declaration of the  
               state of emergency remains in effect to this day.

               . . .  the evidence is compelling that there is no  
               relief other than a prisoner release order that will  
               ----------------------
          <1>  "Between 1987 and 2007, California's population of ages 15  
          through 44 - the age cohort with the highest risk for  
          incarceration - grew by an average of less than 1% annually,  
          which is a pace much slower than the growth in prison  
          admissions."  (2009-2010 Budget Analysis Series, Judicial and  
          Criminal Justice, Legislative Analyst's Office (January 30,  
          2009).)



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               remedy the unconstitutional prison conditions.

               . . .


               Although the evidence may be less than perfectly  
               clear, it appears to the Court that in order to  
               alleviate the constitutional violations California's  
               inmate population must be reduced to at most 120% to  
               145% of design capacity, with some institutions or  
               clinical programs at or below 100%.  We caution the  
               parties, however, that these are not firm figures and  
               that the Court reserves the right - until its final  
               ruling - to determine that a higher or lower figure is  
               appropriate in general or in particular types of  
               facilities.




























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               . . .

               Under the PLRA, any prisoner release order that we  
               issue will be narrowly drawn, extend no further than  
               necessary to correct the violation of constitutional  
               rights, and be the least intrusive means necessary to  
               correct the violation of those rights.  For this  
               reason, it is our present intention to adopt an order  
               requiring the State to develop a plan to reduce the  
               prison population to 120% or 145% of the prison's  
               design capacity (or somewhere in between) within a  
               period of two or three years.<2>

          The final outcome of the panel's tentative decision, as well as  
          any appeal that may be in response to the panel's final  
          decision, is unknown at the time of this writing.

           This bill  does not aggravate the prison overcrowding crisis  
          outlined above.

                                      COMMENTS

          1.  Stated Need for This Bill

           The author states:

              In the summer of 2008, eight illegal alien juvenile  
              offenders from San Francisco escaped from a San  
              Bernardino group home.  The incident highlighted the  
              relatively common practice of counties placing  
              juvenile offenders in out-of-county juvenile homes.   
              More importantly, though, it made county officials  
              aware that other jurisdictions were placing juvenile  
              ----------------------
          <2>  Three Judge Court Tentative Ruling, Coleman v.  
          Schwarzenegger, Plata v.                                                      Schwarzenegger, in the United States  
          District Courts for the Eastern District of California and the  
          Northern District of California United States District Court  
          composed of three judges pursuant to Section 2284, Title 28  
          United States Code (Feb. 9, 2009).



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              offenders in their county without proper  
              notification.

              This bill seeks to improve communication between  
              counties and to strengthen oversight of juvenile  
              offenders placed in out-of-county community care  
              facilities . . . .



          2.  What This Bill Would Do
           
          As explained in detail above, this bill would make a number of  
          changes concerning information about delinquent wards of the  
          juvenile court who are placed in licensed community facilities,  
          such as group homes, including the following:

                 Add sexual abuse and "a situation in which residents are  
               inadequately supervised" to the list of "reportable  
               incidents" licensed community facilities must report to  
               their licensing agency;
                 Include "runaway incidents" in the incident reports  
               licensed community facilities currently are required to  
               share with counties in which they are located, as  
               specified;
                 Delete from current law the requirement that the  
               identify and location of the placement agency be redacted  
               from shared incident reports;
                 Require that known gang affiliation, as defined, be  
               included in the written notice provided to probation in the  
               county where the ward is to be placed;
                 Require that the probation officer making a placement in  
               another county notify the probation officer in the  
               receiving county at least 24 hours prior to the placement,  
               instead of within 24 hours of the placement, as specified;
                 Require that counties placing wards in community  
               facilities in another county "document information  
               regarding known or suspected gang affiliation or dangerous  
               behavior of the ward that indicates the ward may pose a  
               safety concern in the receiving county," as specified;












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                 Require, rather than authorize as current law does, the  
               probation department in a county receiving a delinquent  
               ward who has been adjudicated for any felony into a  
               community facility to disclose to the sheriff or police, as  
               specified, the name of the minor, offense for which they  
               were adjudicated, and address of the group home they are  
               going to;
                 Require, at the request of probation group homes to  
               notify a probation official designated by the probation  
               department to receive notifications . . . of unusual  
               incidents concerning a ward placed by the sending county  
               that involved a response by local law enforcement or  
               emergency services personnel, including runaway incidents,  
               as specified; and
                 Define "gang affiliation" to mean the same as defined  
               for data entry into the CalGang system.

          3.  Double Referral
           
          This bill was heard in Senate Human Services on April 14, 2009,  
          where it passed 5-0.



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