BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 376
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   June 14, 2010

                    ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON UTILITIES AND COMMERCE
                               Steven Bradford, Chair
                    SB 376 (Simitian) - As Amended:  June 10, 2010

           SENATE VOTE  :   25-9.
           
          SUBJECT  :   Natural gas.

           SUMMARY  :   This bill enacts the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)  
          Market Assessment Act and requires the California Energy  
          Commission (CEC), on or before July 1, 2011, to create a matrix  
          on its website containing information related to the building  
          and operation of a liquefied natural gas terminal project, and  
          requires quarterly updates. Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Requires a LNG terminal project applicant to include in the  
            application evidence that it has consulted with the United  
            States Department of Defense and its impacted service  
            components.

          2)Requires that an Environmental Impact Report for LNG projects  
            include a comparative analysis of feasible alternative project  
            technologies, an analysis of potential disproportionately high  
            and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority  
            and low-income populations, and a full life-cycle cost  
            analysis of the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. Exempts  
            LNG projects which were found to be data adequate before  
            January 1, 2011.

          3)Requires the CEC to conduct a study of the need for LNG  
            imports to meet the state's energy demand as a component of  
            the Integrated Energy Policy Report (IEPR).

          4)Requires the CEC to update its study of the need for LNG  
            imports at least 60 days prior to the hearing conducted by the  
            State Lands Commission or the California Coastal Commission  
            prior to issuing a permit to license a LNG facility on the  
            California coast, if the CEC has not issued an IEPR within 180  
            days of the hearing.

          5)Requires the CEC on or before July 1, 2011, to create a matrix  
            on its website containing information related to the  
            construction and operation of a liquefied natural gas terminal  








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            project and quarterly updates.

           EXISTING LAW:  

          1)Requires the CEC to assess electricity infrastructure trends  
            and issues facing California and develop and recommend energy  
            policies for the state to address and resolve such issues as  
            part of its biennial IEPR. 

          2)As part of the IEPR, requires the CEC to conduct a natural gas  
            forecast and assessment that includes supply and demand  
            forecasts, with an assessment of the availability,  
            reliability, and efficiency of the natural gas, and an  
            identification of impending or potential problems or  
            uncertainties in the natural gas markets, potential options,  
            solutions, and recommendations.

          3)Requires the CEC to certify sufficient sites and related  
            facilities that are required to provide a supply of electric  
            power sufficient to accommodate projected demand.

          4)Federal law declares that the transportation and sale of  
            interstate and foreign natural gas falls under federal  
            jurisdiction.

          5)Section 311 of the Federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 ("EP Act  
            2005"), provides exclusive jurisdiction to the Federal Energy  
            Regulatory Commission (FERC) to regulate the siting of onshore  
            LNG import terminals and approve applications for such  
            terminals (15 U.S.C. 717b(e)(1)).

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown.

           COMMENTS  :   According to the author, several years ago there was  
          a major push for LNG terminals in California.  There were  
          approximately four projects proposed on the West Coast from  
          Oregon to Baja California.  This effort was driven by the oil  
          industry which attempted to influence various permitting  
          entities at the state and local level.  Conversely, a missing  
          component from the permitting process was a comparison between  
          the projects and an evaluation of the need for imported natural  
          gas supplies.  Although natural gas prices are currently low,  
          they will rise at some point and the author expects a renewed  
          effort by the industry at that time.









                                                                  SB 376
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          Background  : The LNG Terminal Act of 1977 (since repealed in  
          1987), authorized the California Public Utilities Commission  
          (PUC) to issue a permit for the construction and operation of a  
          terminal pursuant to a prescribed permit procedure.  The  
          terminal was to be at a remote site selected by the California  
          Coastal Commission.  The goal was to let the State determine  
          need and choose a site, then companies could bid on the project.  
          (SB 1081 (Alquist), Chapter 855, Statutes of 1977).

           What is LNG  : LNG is natural gas in its liquid form.  When  
          natural gas is cooled, it becomes a clear, colorless, odorless  
          liquid.  Natural gas is primarily methane, with low  
          concentrations of other hydrocarbons, water, carbon dioxide,  
          nitrogen, oxygen, and some sulfur compounds. During the process  
          known as liquefaction, natural gas is cooled below its boiling  
          point, removing most of these compounds. Additionally, this  
          process makes the gas much denser and more easily transported. 

           California's Reliance on Natural Gas  : Natural gas provides  
          almost one-third of the state's total energy requirements and  
          will continue to be a major fuel in California's supply  
          portfolio. California's supplies of natural gas come from four  
          areas: in-state production, Southwestern United States, Canada,  
          and the Rocky Mountain Region. 

          Natural gas from out-of-state production basins is delivered  
          into California via the interstate natural gas pipeline system.   
          The five major interstate pipelines that deliver out-of-state  
          natural gas to California consumers include: the Gas  
          Transmission Northwest Pipeline, Kern River Pipeline,  
          Transwestern Pipeline, El Paso Pipeline, and Mojave Pipeline. 

          Where's the LNG in CA  :  According to the CEC, in the past there  
          were as many as four LNG projects proposed in California that  
          are no longer active.  The lack of LNG projects in California  
          can be interpreted as a reaction of prospective applicants to  
          current natural gas market conditions.  Further, the CEC states  
          that California's demand for natural gas is currently being met  
          reliably by domestic sources at relatively low prices. 

           Who has jurisdiction  : For on-shore LNG projects, the FERC has  
          exclusive jurisdiction. For off-shore projects where the  
          terminal would reside outside California waters, the U.S. Coast  
          Guard is the lead.  The California State Lands Commission and  
          the California Coastal Commission have discrete roles.  However,  








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          the Governor may exercise ultimate veto power.

           Project Needs Assessment  : This bill would require the CEC to  
          update its needs study for LNG imports on the California coast,  
          solely at the expense of the applicant, prior to the hearing of  
          lead state agency issuing a permit only if the CEC has not  
          issued an IEPR within 180 days of the hearing.  This provision  
          would exempt projects that have already been proposed and have  
          met the specified criteria before January 1, 2011. 

          Current law already requires the CEC to assess future demand and  
          supply and develop long-term forecasts of the state's energy  
          needs.  Most companies can expend tens of thousands of dollars  
          to evaluate prospective ventures.  After a company selection is  
          determined, the private entity evaluates different sites for the  
          venture, considering transportation costs, pollution mitigation  
          costs, and other important criteria to determine the optimal  
          location, given demand and supply assumptions. Since the  
          developer assumes the financial risk and not the ratepayers, the  
          state may not be the appropriate entity to decide which  
          proposals succeed and which do not.  Additionally, there are  
          numerous assumptions to be made, such as the probability that  
          certain pipelines would be built, whether or not they would be  
          used and at what level of capacity, and other extreme weather  
          events, in addition to the declining supplies of North American  
          natural gas.  

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          None on file.
           
            Opposition 
           
          None on file.

           Analysis Prepared by  :    DaVina Flemings / U. & C. / (916)  
          319-2083