BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Gloria Romero, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 378
          AUTHOR:        Romero
          INTRODUCED:    February 26, 2009
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 15, 2009
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Charter School Facility Grant Program
          
          SUMMARY  

          This bill expands eligibility for the Charter School  
          Facility Grant Program (CSFP) and requires the provision of  
          this funding in advance of current year expenses, instead  
          of as reimbursement for prior year expenses.  

           BACKGROUND  

          SB 740 (O'Connell, Chapter 892, Statutes of 2001), created  
          the Charter School Facility Grant Program for the purpose  
          of providing assistance with facilities rent and lease  
          expenditures for charter schools that meet certain  
          eligibility criteria. Eligible charter schools may receive  
          reimbursement for facilities rent and lease costs in an  
          amount of up to $750 per unit of classroom-based average  
          daily attendance (ADA), as certified at the second  
          principal apportionment, but no more than 75 percent of  
          their total annual facilities rent and lease costs. If  
          there are insufficient funds to reimburse all eligible  
          charter schools at the maximum level, the funding provided  
          to each school is reduced on a pro-rata basis. 

          To be eligible for reimbursement, a charter school site  
          must be geographically located within the attendance area  
          of a public elementary school in which at least 70 percent  
          of the pupil enrollment is eligible for free or  
          reduced-price meals, or serving a pupil population that  
          meets or exceeds 70 percent eligibility for free and  
          reduced-price meals. Charter schools occupying existing  
          school district or county office of education facilities  
          and charter schools receiving reasonably equivalent  
          facilities from their chartering authority pursuant to  




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          Proposition 39 are not eligible for reimbursement. 
           
          ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  :

          1)   Expands eligibility for Charter School Facilities  
               Program (CSFP) funding.  More specifically it:

                    a)             Reduces the free and reduced price  
                    meal eligibility threshold from 70 percent to 50  
                    percent in 5 percent increments, if funds remain  
                    once allocations are made to all schools meeting  
                    the original requirements of the Charter School  
                    Facility Grant Program (CSFP). 
                
                    b)             Requires allocation of funds to  
                    schools below the 70 percent threshold in order  
                    of the highest eligibility percentage until all  
                    funds are allocated. 

                    c)             Removes the prohibition against  
                    appropriating CSFP funds for ADA generated in  
                    nonclassroom-based instruction.

          2)   Changes the funding nature for the CSFP from  
               reimbursement to "forward-funding."  Specifically it: 

                    a)             Requires that charter schools  
                    receive funding under the CSFP within 120 days of  
                    the start of a fiscal year in which costs are  
                    incurred based upon  estimates  of their cost.  

                    b)             Authorizes the department to  
                    withhold up to 25 percent of the total payment of  
                    a school pending final documentation of actual  
                    costs.

                    c)             Requires that final payment be  
                    allocated no later than 60 days after the start  
                    of the following fiscal year.

          3)   Makes other technical changes. 

           STAFF COMMENTS  





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           1)   Intent of the bill  .  According to the author, the  
               current eligibility criteria, which requires that 70  
               percent of students qualify for free or reduced price  
               meals, leaves out a large number of schools that serve  
               low-income students in high-poverty communities.  The  
               author is also concerned that these funds are  
               allocated to charter schools only as reimbursement for  
               the prior year's facilities costs rather than in the  
               year costs are incurred, creating added budget  
               pressure and financial uncertainty for charter  
               schools.   Additionally, the author contends that the  
               implementation of Proposition 39, which requires the  
               provision of facilities to charter schools, has  
               created some conflict between districts and charter  
               schools.  The author asserts that the expansion  
               authorized by this bill could eliminate this conflict  
               since more schools could meet their facility needs  
               through the CSFP.  

           2)   Reimbursement or grant program  ? Since its inception,  
               the CSFP has operated as a reimbursement program.  The  
               changes proposed in this bill would create a grant  
               program and forward fund based upon estimates of  
               expenses, rather than actual expenses incurred.  It  
               does not appear that any other state-funded K-12  
               categorical program is funded in this way. Should a  
               program that has functioned successfully as a  
               reimbursement program be changed? What fiscal controls  
               exist for recouping funds apportioned if estimated  
               eligible expenses are not realized or if a charter  
               school ceases operation mid-year? Staff notes that  
               changing from a reimbursement to a grant program would  
               significantly increase the administrative duties and  
               costs to the CDE.  

               If it is the desire of the committee to change from a  
               reimbursement program to a forward funded grant  
               program, staff recommends the bill be amended to  
               advance a more modest amount (25%) at six months and  
               to allocate final payment  once actual costs incurred  
               have been documented.  Staff notes, however, that such  
               a change would not resolve the creation of additional  
               administrative burden on the department or address the  
               issues of fiscal accountability. 

           3)   Classrooms for non-classroom based instruction  ?  Under  




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               current law, Charter School Facility Grant Program  
               (CSFP) funds may only be appropriated to charter  
               schools for ADA generated through "classroom-based  
               instruction" which means that pupils are under the  
               immediate supervision and control of a credentialed,  
               charter school employee, and 80 percent of the  
               instructional time occurs at the schoolsite, a  
               facility used principally for classroom instruction.   
               This bill would expand eligibility to include charter  
               schools that offer nonclassroom-based instruction such  
               as independent study.  Although it is unclear how much  
               demand for CSFP funding would increase as a result,  
               the CDE reports that the ADA generated by  
               nonclassroom- based charters is significant.  

               Should independent study facilities be funded at the  
               expense of charter programs offering instruction at a  
               schoolsite? Are the facilities needs/costs for an  
               independent study resource center comparable to those  
               of a program where the vast majority of instructional  
               time occurs on site? How much will demand for CSFP  
               funding increase just on the basis of lowering the  
               poverty threshold for eligibility?  Staff recommends  
               the bill be amended to restore current law in this  
               regard until the effects of lowering the poverty  
               thresholds can be assessed to determine whether there  
               is sufficient funding available to meet the needs of  
               charter schools offering classroom based instruction. 
           
          4)   Funding  .  Current law provides "operational grant"  
               funding to districts that operate on a year round  
               multi-track schedule.  Previously, in exchange for  
               this General Fund/Proposition 98 source of funds,  
               districts' school building capacity was increased,  
               thereby reducing their "eligibility" for state bond  
               funding for new school facilities construction.   SB  
               658 (Romero, Chapter, Statutes of 2008) phases out the  
               multi-track year round operational grant program over  
               a 4-year period by reducing grant amounts by 20% each  
               fiscal year and exempts school districts receiving  
               these operational grants from the increase in school  
               building capacity beginning in 2008-09.  
               SB 658 also provided for the reallocation of these  
               funds to the Charter School Facility Grant Program.   
               According to the Assembly Appropriations 





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               Committee analysis of SB 658, approximately $19.4  
               million would be reallocated annually.  When fully  
               implemented in 2012-13, funding for the Charter School  
               Facility Grant Program (CSFP) program will increase by  
               approximately $97 million for a total of $115 million.

           SUPPORT
           
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Charter Schools Association
          EdVoice
          Los Angeles Unified School District


          OPPOSITION

           None received.