BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                SB 382
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                        Senator S. Joseph Simitian, Chairman
                              2009-2010 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 382
           AUTHOR:     Florez
           AMENDED:    March 31, 2009
           FISCAL:     No                HEARING DATE:     May 4, 2009
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:       Randy Pestor
            
           SUBJECT  :    AGRICULTURAL BURNING

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  :

           1) Provides the California Air Resources Board (ARB) with  
              primary responsibility for control of mobile source air  
              pollution, including adoption of rules for reducing vehicle  
              emissions and the specification of vehicular fuel  
              composition.  (Health and Safety Code 39000 et seq. and  
              39500 et seq.).  The ARB must coordinate efforts to attain  
              and maintain ambient air quality standards.  (Health and  
              Safety Code 39003).

           2) Provides that air pollution control districts (APCDs) and  
              air quality management districts (AQMDs) have primary  
              responsibility for controlling air pollution from all  
              sources, other than emissions from mobile sources.  (Health  
              and Safety Code 40000 et seq.).  Certain APCDs and AQMDs  
              are established, with related authority, including the San  
              Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District  
              (SJVUAPCD).  (Health and Safety Code 40600 et seq.).

           3) Requires the ARB to develop and conduct a program of  
              monitoring airborne particles smaller than 2.5 microns in  
              diameter (PM 2.5) that must be designed to meet certain  
              requirements.  (Health and Safety Code 39619.5).

           4) Requires ARB (in consultation with APCDs and AQMDs), on or  
              before January 1, 2005, to develop and adopt a list of the  
              most readily available, feasible, and cost-effective  
              proposed control measures that could be employed to reduce  









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              PM 2.5 and PM 10.  The ARB must specify in the list whether  
              a proposed control measure is intended to reduce PM 2.5 and  
              PM 10, and whether it is a proposed control measure for  
              adoption.  No later than July 31, 2005, the ARB must adopt  
              an implementation schedule for state measures, and each air  
              district must adopt an implementation schedule for the most  
              cost-effective local measures, from the list.  (Health and  
              Safety Code 39614).

           5) Prohibits a person from knowingly permit agricultural  
              burning without a valid permit from the agency designated  
              by the ARB to issue the permits.  ARB must designate public  
              fire protection agencies or other equivalent agencies to  
              issue these permits, and must adopt rules and regulations  
              to provide a procedure for the issuance of the permits.  A  
              permit is not valid for any day when agricultural burning  
              is prohibited by the ARB, APCD, or AQMD, and each permit  
              must include a statement regarding this prohibition (Health  
              and Safety Code 41852, 41853, 41854).

           6) Prohibits the issuance of a permit to burn certain  
              categories of agricultural waste within SJVUAPCD  
              jurisdiction, requires the SJVUAPCD to develop and adopt  
              rules establishing best management practices for other  
              weeds and maintenance control, and requires the SJVUAPCD to  
              develop and adopt rules to regulate diseased crop burning  
              if certain conditions are met.  (Health and Safety Code  
              41855.5).

            This bill  :

           1) Provides that a permit issued to a person to burn  
              agricultural waste within the jurisdiction of the SJVUAPCD  
              is not valid when the operation of a wood burning  
              fireplace, wood burning heater, or outdoor wood burning  
              device is prohibited by the SJVUAPCD.  Each permit issued  
              within the jurisdiction of the SJVUAPCD must contain a  
              warning regarding this prohibition.

           2) Prohibits the SJVUAPCD from making any rules or  
              promulgating regulations enabling any entity or person to  
              burn agricultural waste on any day that the SJVUAPCD  










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              prohibits the operation of a wood burning fireplace, wood  
              burning heater, or outdoor wood burning device.

           3) Contains related legislative intent, including intent that  
              the SJVUAPCD "established a policy that would create parity  
              between agricultural burning and residential wood burning  
              on days designated by the district as 'no burn' days."

            COMMENTS  :

            1) Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, "An almond  
              branch burned in a field is no different than what you put  
              in your fireplace.  An ag burn is not good for the air.  If  
              we're getting to the point where we're not going to let  
              residents burn in their fireplaces, then ag needs to find  
              some sort of symmetrical solution."

           Current law provides for the regulation of agricultural  
              burning and wood burning devices, with additional state  
              restrictions on agricultural waste burning within the  
              jurisdiction of the SJVUAPCD.  According to the author, "SB  
              382 ensures that if there are no burn days for residential  
              fireplaces, then there are no burn days for agricultural  
              waste."

            2) ARB required to adopt control measures for woodstoves and  
              agricultural burning  .  As noted above, ARB (in consultation  
              with APCDs and AQMDs) must develop and adopt a list of the  
              most readily available, feasible, and cost-effective  
              proposed control measures that could be employed to reduce  
              PM 2.5 and PM 10.  The list must include control measures  
              for certain emission source categories, including  
              stationary combustion sources, woodstoves and fireplaces,  
              commercial grilling operations, agricultural burning,  
              construction and grading operations, and diesel-powered  
              engines used in stationary and mobile applications.

            3) Threat of wood smoke to public health  .  The ARB recently  
              heard results of several studies showing that smoke from  
              wood fires aggravates lung and heart disease.  According to  
              ARB Release 09-06:











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           "ARB research staff reviewed four recent national  
              toxicological studies in presenting today's findings to the  
              Board.  The findings support fireplace ordinances that many  
              local air districts throughout California are implementing.

           The research found that wood smoke can cause a 10 percent  
              increase of hospital admissions for respiratory problems  
              among children.  ARB estimates that between 20 to 80  
              percent of ambient wintertime particulate matter is due to  
              wood smoke.  Studies have found up to 70 percent of smoke  
              from chimneys can re-enter a home or neighboring  
              residences.

           Wood smoke consists of several pollutants, including carbon  
              monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter and other  
              irritating and toxic components.  California's wood smoke  
              problem and its pollution problem in general, are  
              compounded by the state's geography and weather.  The many  
              valleys and calm air cause the pollutants to remain at  
              ground level rather than be swept away.

           In several areas throughout California, air quality officials  
              are restricting residential wood burning on days when  
              particulate matter pollution is expected to be high.  These  
              and other strategies are substantially reducing wintertime  
              peak particulate matter levels and therefore should reduce  
              the risk of cardiovascular hospitalizations and premature  
              deaths."

            4) Related PM 2.5 and PM 10 legislation  .  AB 968 (Knox)  
              Chapter 518, Statutes of 1997, established a program to  
              monitor airborne fine particles smaller than 2.5 microns in  
              diameter (PM 2.5).  AB 2701 (Runner) Chapter 644, Statutes  
              of 2004, required the ARB to place, and annually update,  
              the status and results of the monitoring program on the ARB  
              website.

           SB 656 (Sher) Chapter 738, Statutes of 2003, provided for the  
              ARB to develop and adopt a list of the most readily  
              available, feasible, and cost-effective proposed control  
              measures to reduce PM 2.5 and PM 10, and for ARB and air  
              districts to adopt an implementation schedule for measures  










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              on the list.

           SB 705 (Florez) Chapter 481, Statutes of 2003, prohibited  
              issuance of permits for agricultural burning of certain  
              categories of agricultural waste within the SJVUAPCD  
              jurisdiction, with certain exceptions.

           AB 841 (Arambula) Chapter 404, Statutes of 2007, required the  
              San Joaquin Valley Unified Air Pollution Control District  
              to install one or more monitors for monitoring airborne  
              fine particles smaller than PM 2.5 in primarily low-income  
              and underserved areas in the western region of the Fresno  
              County.

           AJR 40 (DeLeon) Resolution Chapter 90 of 2008, memorializes  
              the U.S. President to urge immediate steps to rectify  
              exposure to PM 2.5 in the South Coast Air Basin, including:  
               a) stringent regulations by U.S. EPA for mobile source  
              emissions sufficient to ensure compliance with air quality  
              standards required by federal law, and b) appropriation of  
              federal funds for projects resulting in an immediate  
              reduction in PM 2.5 concentrations in the South Coast Air  
              Basin sufficient to ensure compliance with air quality  
              standards required by federal law and to implement measures  
              to protect the health and safety of residents in areas of  
              high PM 2.5 concentrations.

           SB 554 (Hollingsworth), to be heard by this Committee May 4,  
              2009, prohibits an APCD or AQMD from adopting or  
              implementing any rule or regulation restricting or  
              prohibiting the installation or operation of any  
              wood-burning fireplace, wood-burning heater, or  
              wood-burning stove in any new or existing residential  
              structure.

            5) Technical consideration  .  Because the definition of  
              "person" in Health and Safety Code 19 and 39047 cover  
              various entities, "entity or" should be stricken on page 3,  
              line 17.

            SOURCE  :        Senator Florez  











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           SUPPORT  :       San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control  
                          District  

           OPPOSITION  :    None on file