BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                SB 443
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                        Senator S. Joseph Simitian, Chairman
                              2009-2010 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 443
           AUTHOR:     Pavley
           AMENDED:    April 2, 2009
           FISCAL:     Yes               HEARING DATE:     April 27, 2009
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:       Caroll  
           Mortensen
            
           SUBJECT  :    SUPERMARKET CLEANING PRODUCTS

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  :

           1) Pursuant to Federal Law:

              a)    The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide  
                 Act (FIFRA) the US Environmental Protection Agency  
                 regulates pesticides, including antimicrobial  
                 pesticides.

              b)    The Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act,  
                 requires the Occupational Health and Safety  
                 Administration to prevent work-related injuries,  
                 illnesses, and deaths.

           2) Pursuant to the Labor Code, requires employers to  
              establish, implement, and maintain an effective injury  
              prevention program as described.

           3) Pursuant to the Food and Agriculture Code:

              a)     Requires Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to  
                 develop regulations for safe working conditions for  
                 farmworkers, pest control applicators, and other persons  
                 handling, storing, or applying pesticides, or working in  
                 and about pesticide-treated areas.

              b)    Requires DPR, in consultation with the Department of  
                 Health Services and the Air Resources Board (ARB) to  









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                 evaluate the health effects of pesticides which may be  
                 or are emitted into the ambient air of California and  
                 which may be determined to be a toxic air contaminant  
                 which poses a present or potential hazard to human  
                 health.  

           4) Pursuant to the Health and Safety Code, requires the ARB to  
              adopt regulations to the maximum reduction in volatile  
              organic compounds in consumer products.

           5) Pursuant to The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement  
              Act of 1986, (Proposition 65):

              a)    Prohibits a person, in the course of doing business,  
                 from knowingly and intentionally expose people to a  
                 chemical known to the state to cause cancer or  
                 reproductive toxicity without first giving clear and  
                 reasonable warning.

              b)    Requires the governor to publish a list of chemicals  
                 "known to the State of California" to cause cancer,  
                 birth defects or other reproductive harm.  

              c)    Provides that no person shall knowingly discharge or  
                 release those same chemicals into any source of drinking  
                 water.  

              d)    Allows for specified exemptions such as when the  
                 exposure or discharge would not pose a significant risk  
                 of cancer, or, for chemicals that cause reproductive  
                 toxicity, would have not observable effect at 1,000  
                 times the level in question.

            This bill  requires the Office of Environmental Health Hazard  
           Assessment (OEHHA) to conduct screening-level risk assessments  
           that evaluate the potential harm to the public, supermarket  
           employees, custodial staff, and the environment from cleaning  
           products that are used to clean supermarkets.  Specifically  
           this bill:

           1)Defines "Screening-level risk assessment" or "assessment" to  
             mean an in-depth analysis of a substance to determine  
             whether the substance is toxic or capable of becoming toxic.  









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              An assessment shall include an evaluation of any known  
             environmental concentrations of a substance, as well as  
             predictions of environmental concentrations of the substance  
             from releases resulting from its production, processing,  
             uses, and disposal, and its environmental fate evaluated on  
             the basis of intrinsic physical and chemical properties,  
             environmental mobility, and persistence.

           2)Defines "Supermarket" to mean the same meaning as defined in  
             Section 14526.5 of the Public Resources Code, (a full-line,  
             self-service retail store with gross annual sales of two  
             million dollars ($2,000,000), or more, and which sells a  
             line of dry grocery, canned goods, or nonfood items and some  
             perishable items.).

           3)Requires OEHHA, during the 2010 calendar year, to conduct  
             screening-level risk assessments that will evaluate the  
             potential harm to the public, supermarket employees,  
             custodial workers, and the environment that may be in  
             contact with a chemical or chemical product used for  
             purposes of cleaning a supermarket.  In particular, the  
             assessments shall evaluate the effects of the chemicals or  
             chemical products on food safety for consumers and air  
             toxicity levels.

           4)Authorizes OEHHA, for purposes of assisting them in  
             conducting the assessment, to request that they provide the  
             office with a list of cleaning products used at the  
             supermarket.

           5)Requires a manufacturer of a cleaning product to provide  
             OEHHA with information regarding the formulation of the  
             cleaning product and any other information required to  
             conduct the assessment. 

           6)Requires OEHHA to treat all information provided by a  
             manufacturer as confidential and the information shall be  
             exempt from disclosure under the California Public Records  
             Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 6250) of Division  
             7 of Title 1) of the Government Code.

           7)Requires the results of each assessment be published in a  
             report that OEHHA shall make publicly available and provide  









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             to a supermarket whose cleaning products have been  
             evaluated. 

           8)Requires OEHHA complete a draft of the report on or before  
             July 1, 2011, and submit the draft report to the  
             Environmental Policy Council for review and comment. 

           9)Requires OEHHA to make the draft report available on its  
             Internet Website for purposes of public comment.

          10)  Requires OEHHA to issue a final report on or before  
           December 31, 2011
               that:

              a)   Includes recommendations regarding methods to mitigate  
                any potential hazards posed by chemicals and chemical  
                products, and possible alternative products for use by a  
                supermarket that will maintain public health standards  
                for sanitation and also protect consumers, supermarket  
                employees, custodial workers, and the environment for any  
                toxic or hazardous exposures, and

              b)   Identify data gaps on ingredients and formulations of  
                supermarket cleaning products.

            COMMENTS  :

            1) Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, despite the  
              broad public attention currently focused on green products,  
              organic foods, and safer cleaning standards, California  
              supermarkets are using toxic and corrosive cleaning  
              chemicals near open and packaged food products despite the  
              existence of safer and healthier chemicals and cleaning  
              methods. 

              The sponsors content that this bill is a critical first  
              step in scrutinizing the chemicals being used in  
              supermarkets to assess the dangers to consumers and workers  
              and setting standards and restrictions for current products  
              while recommending safer alternatives.  Janitors cleaning  
              supermarkets are currently using hazardous and corrosive  
              chemicals to keep the grocery aisles and storage areas  
              clean.  They use these chemicals around open food and  









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              produce and packaged goods, and despite safer, greener  
              alternatives, stores and contractors continue to use  
              cleaning products that are known to be harmful to workers

            2) Green Cleaning  .  The California Department of General  
              Services (DGS) as part of their efforts to promote  
              environmentally preferable purchasing for state and local  
              agencies has a body of work on this subject.  They state  
              that green cleaning involves using green or environmentally  
              preferable products and practices.  Green or  
              environmentally preferable products include products that  
              are certified to contain lower or insignificant amounts of  
              toxic or hazardous chemicals and have reduced or minimal  
              adverse environmental impacts.  Green or environmentally  
              preferable cleaning practices refers to methods and  
              practices that reduce the exposure, of both janitorial  
              staff and building occupants, to toxic or hazardous  
              chemicals and the release of polluting chemicals into the  
              environment.  DGS encourages building managers and  
              procurement officers are encouraged to give preference to  
              the purchase and use of green cleaning products and  
              practices when appropriate. Many green janitorial products,  
              such as general purpose, bathroom, glass or carpet  
              cleaners, are available that have received independent  
              third-party certification regarding their overall  
              performance and environmental impact.  Additionally,  
              facilities can potentially reduce regulatory, procedural,  
              and financial burdens by switching to green cleaning  
              products and practices.

            3) Policy Considerations  .  This bill is delving into an arena  
              that involves many oversight agencies.  There are many  
              existing programs that are intended to address the issue of  
              worker safety in various ways.  There is also existing  
              information and on-going efforts to look at chemical  
              exposures, including exposures from cleaning products.   
              This should mean that the OEHHA's tasks required by this  
              bill should be made less daunting.  However, this requires  
              that the author and the sponsor work with OEHHA, and the  
              other applicable state and federal agencies, to target this  
              measure on the gaps in the existing research and oversight  
              programs to make best use of the state's resources.










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            4) Amendments Needed  .  While this bill is a work in progress,  
              amendments are needed to define terms and better focus the  
              effort.  The bill should be amended to:

              a)    Change the term "screening-level risk assessment" to  
                 "review".

              b)    Require OEHHA to focus on those cleaning products  
                 that have not already been adequately assessed by  
                 another regulatory body.

              c)    Require OEHHA to consult with DGS, DPR, ARB, and  
                 other appropriate state and federal agencies to ensure  
                 no duplication of effort.

            SOURCE  :        Consumer Federation of California and Service  
                          Employees International Union  

           SUPPORT  :       California Labor Federation
                          Western States Council of the United Food and  
                          Commercial Workers
                          46 Individuals
            
           OPPOSITION  :    California Grocers Association
                          California Retailers Association
                          Consumer Specialty Products Association