BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







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          |Hearing Date:April 13, 2009    |Bill No:SB                      |
          |                               |470                             |
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               SENATE COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND ECONOMIC  
                                     DEVELOPMENT
                        Senator Gloria Negrete McLeod, Chair

                        Bill No:        SB 470Author:Corbett
                  As Introduced:     February 26, 2009 Fiscal: Yes

          
          SUBJECT:   Prescriptions.
          
          SUMMARY:  Permits, if requested by patients, the purpose of the  
          prescribed medication to be listed on prescription drug labels.   
           

          Existing law:

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of pharmacies,  
            pharmacists and wholesalers of dangerous drugs or devices by  
            the California State Board of Pharmacy (Board) in the  
            Department of Consumer Affairs.

          2)Requires dispensed prescription drugs to be stored in  
            specified containers and correctly labeled with the following  
            information:

             a)   The trade name of the drug or the generic and the name  
               of the manufacturer.

             b)   The directions for the use of the drug.

             c)   The name of the patient.

             d)   The name of the prescriber.

             e)   The date of issue.

             f)   The name and address of the pharmacy and the  
               prescription number.






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             g)   The strength of the drug.

             h)   The quantity of the drug or drugs dispensed.

             i)   The expiration date of the effectiveness of the drug.

             j)   The condition for which the drug was prescribed if  
               requested by the patient and the condition is indicated on  
               the prescription.

          This bill revises the current prescription drug labeling  
          requirement to permit the label to include information on the  
          purpose of the prescribed medication instead of the condition  
          for which it is prescribed if requested by the patient.

          FISCAL EFFECT:  Unknown.  This bill is keyed "fiscal" by  
          Legislative Counsel.


          COMMENTS:
          
          Purpose.  According to the Sponsor, the  California Board of  
          Pharmacy  , this measure is follow-up legislation to SB 472  
          (Corbett, Statutes of 2007), which charged the Board with  
          standardizing prescription drug labels to make them more  
          patient-centered.  

          1.Background.  As part of the SB 472 mandate, the Board of  
            Pharmacy was required to seek information from specified  
            groups and to consider that information in the development of  
            patient-centered drug label requirements.  Over the last two  
            years, the Board held public meetings, attended community  
            events and conducted consumer surveys designed to elicit  
            information from consumers.  The Board reports that a majority  
            of surveyed consumers have so far expressed a desire to have  
            the purpose of the medication included on the label.  
            
            In 2006, the Medication Errors Panel's report entitled  
            Prescription for Improving Patient Safety: Addressing  
            Medication Errors examined the causes of medication errors in  
            outpatient settings and made a number of recommendations to  
            reduce errors associated with prescription and  
            over-the-counter medication use.  The Panel, created by SCR 49  
            (Speier, 2005), consisted of four legislators (two from each  
            house) and 13 individuals representing academia, consumer  
            advocacy groups, health professions (medicine, nursing, public  





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            health and pharmacy) health plans, community pharmacies and  
            the pharmaceutical industry.  One of the Panel's  
            recommendations to improve communication between prescribers,  
            pharmacists and patients was to include the drugs' purpose on  
            the prescription label. 

            According to the Journal of the American Medical Association,  
            46 percent of adults cannot understand the information listed  
            on their prescription drug labels.  Furthermore, the Institute  
            of Medicine of the National Academies, medication errors are  
            among the most common medical errors, harming at least 1.5  
            million people annually and senior citizens are especially  
            vulnerable.  Families USA reports that 90 percent of Medicare  
            patients take medications for chronic conditions with nearly  
            half of them taking five or more medications a day.  Given the  
            large numbers of prescriptions that may be prescribed, it is  
            not easily discernable what the purpose for each of these  
            medications is.  This increases the chances that a patient may  
            take the wrong medication increasing the likelihood of serious  
            injury or death.    

          2.Previous Legislation.   AB 1276  (Karnette, 2007) would have  
            required medication prescribers to ask a patient if they  
            wanted the intended use on the prescription label.  The  
            measure failed passage in the Assembly Committee on Business  
            and Professions.

             AB 657  (Karnette, 2005) would have required prescription drug  
            labels to include the intended purpose of the drug, if  
            indicated on the prescription, and required prescribers to ask  
            the patient or the patient's authorized representative, if the  
            patient is either incapacitated or a minor who can not provide  
            informed consent, whether to indicate the intended purpose of  
            the prescription on the label.  The bill was held in this  
            committee at the request of the Author.
            
            AB 288  (Mountjoy, 2005) would have amended the prescription  
            labeling requirement to include the condition for which the  
            drug is prescribed unless the patient, physician or legal  
            guardian requested that the information be omitted.  The  
            measure was held in the Assembly Committee on Business and  
            Professions at the request of the Author.

             SCR 49  (Speier, 2005) created a panel to study the causes of  
            medication errors and recommend changes in the health care  
            system that reduces errors associated with the delivery of  





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            prescription and over the counter medication to consumers.   
            This resolution required the panel to convene by October 1,  
            2005, and to submit to the Assembly Committee on Health and  
            the Senate Committee on Health a report on its finding by June  
            1, 2006.

             AB 2125  (Levine, 2004) would have required a physician and  
            surgeon to indicate the patient's diagnosis on each  
            prescription written, unless directed otherwise by the patient  
            and amended the prescription labeling requirement to require  
            that the condition be included on the label unless otherwise  
            directed by the patient.  The bill was held in the Assembly  
            Committee on Business and Professions at the request of the  
            Author.

          3.Arguments in Support.   The Board of Pharmacy  and the  
             California Society of Health-System Pharmacists  state this  
            measure will make prescription labels more meaningful to  
            consumers, improve medication adherence and reduce medication  
            errors.   The Medical Board of California  (MBC) writes in  
            support of this measure as they state it will enhance consumer  
            protections by requiring the physician to include the intended  
            purpose of the drug on the prescription label and will help  
            patients, caregivers and any other people who assist patients  
            in administering medication to prevent illness or death due to  
            medication errors. Additionally, the  UCSF School of Pharmacy   
            also supports this bill as it "is straightforward and  
            irrefutably beneficial to patient safety."

          4.Support if Amended.  The  California Medical Association  (CMA)  
            has taken a support if amended position on the measure and  
            offers the following suggested amendments:

          Amendment #1: page 2, line 15 to read as follows:  A legible,  
            clear notice of the  condition or  purpose for which the drug is  
            being prescribed.

            CMA contends this language will give greater flexibility to  
            prescribers to meet the needs of their patients.  They state  
            "because patients can be required to take many drugs, allowing  
            the patient and physician to develop and place the most useful  
            information on the container label will reduce the number of  
            medication errors."








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            Amendment # 2: page 4, lines 24-26 to read as follows:
            The  condition or  purpose for which the drug was prescribed if  
             the condition or purpose is indicated on the prescription.  If  
            the patient requests the condition or purpose on the container  
            label but it is not included on the prescription, the  
            pharmacist may include this information only after consulting  
            with the prescriber.  The consultation may be oral or  
            electronic.
             
            CMA asserts that as currently written, this section does  
            not specify who would determine what the condition or  
            purpose for the prescription is.  They state "a  
            particular drug may be prescribed for different reasons  
            or purposes and confusion leading to a medication error  
            may result if anyone other than the prescriber is allowed  
            to determine what is placed on the container label."

          
          SUPPORT AND OPPOSITION:
          
           Support:  

          California Board of Pharmacy (Sponsor)
          California Society of Health-System Pharmacists
          Medical Board of California
          UCSF School of Pharmacy

            Support if Amended  :

           California Medical Association

            Opposition:  

           None on file as of April 6, 2009.



          Consultant:Sieglinde Johnson