BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 515|
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                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 515
          Author:   Hancock (D)
          Amended:  6/30/09
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE EDUCATION COMMITTEE  :  8-0, 4/22/09
          AYES:  Romero, Alquist, Hancock, Liu, Maldonado, Padilla,  
            Simitian, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Huff

           SENATE BUSINESS, PROF. & ECON. DEVELOP. COMM.  :  9-1,  
            5/11/09
          AYES:  Negrete McLeod, Wyland, Corbett, Correa, Florez,  
            Oropeza, Romero, Walters, Yee
          NOES:  Aanestad

           SENATE FLOOR  :  28-9, 5/14/09
          AYES:  Alquist, Calderon, Corbett, Correa, DeSaulnier,  
            Ducheny, Dutton, Florez, Hancock, Kehoe, Leno, Liu,  
            Lowenthal, Maldonado, Negrete McLeod, Oropeza, Padilla,  
            Pavley, Romero, Simitian, Steinberg, Strickland, Walters,  
            Wiggins, Wolk, Wright, Wyland, Yee
          NOES:  Aanestad, Ashburn, Benoit, Cogdill, Cox, Denham,  
            Harman, Hollingsworth, Huff
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Cedillo, Runner

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  Not available


           SUBJECT  :    Career technical education

           SOURCE  :     Author
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           DIGEST  :    This bill requires, starting with 2012-13 fiscal  
          years, as a condition of receiving federal funds provided  
          under the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology  
          Education Act of 1998, and to the extent permitted under  
          federal law, that school districts, regional occupational  
          centers or programs, and community college districts  
          demonstrate, that at least one-half of the course sequences  
          offered are linked to high priority workforce needs in the  
          career sectors identified by the Labor and Workforce  
          Development Agency or the Labor Market Information Division  
          (LMID) of the Employment Development Department for the  
          State of California, for the economic region established by  
          the state where the regional occupational center or  
          program, community college district, or school district is  
          located, or for the county where the regional occupational  
          center or program, community college district, or school  
          district is located.  The bill encourages school districts,  
          regional occupational centers or programs, and community  
          college districts to work with local workforce investment  
          boards and the LMID in the identification of career sectors  
          of high priority.

           Assembly Amendments  include data from the LMID which  
          provides county specific data as a consideration in  
          identifying high priority career sectors and encourage  
          school districts, regional occupational centers and  
          programs, and community colleges to also work with the LMID  
          in identifying high priority career sections, and makes  
          other clarifying changes. 

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law establishes various career  
          technical education (CTE) programs for public schools  
          including but not limited to regional occupational centers  
          and programs (ROC/P), partnership academies, adult  
          education programs, and career technical education programs  
          in secondary and postsecondary institutions.

          Existing federal law, the Carl D. Perkins Career and  
          Technical Education Improvement Act, provides federal funds  
          to states for the purpose of improving CTE programs,  
          integrating academic and technical curriculum, serving  
          special populations and meeting gender equity needs.   

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          Existing state law establishes various conditions for  
          receiving funds provided under the Carl D. Perkins Act.

          Existing law requires on or before July 1, 2010, the  
          governing board of each ROC/P to ensure that at least 90  
          percent of all state-funded courses offered in those  
          centers or programs, as specified, are part of course  
          sequences that target comprehensive skills.

          Existing law classifies counties on the basis of average  
          daily attendance.  For example, Class One counties have an  
          average daily attendance of 750,000 and over; Class Eight  
          counties have average daily attendance of less than 1,000  
          students.

          The California Workforce Investment Board (WIB) was  
          established by Executive Order in response to mandates of  
          the federal Workforce Investment Act of 1998.  The WIB  
          determines strategic priorities, identifies high-growth  
          industries, develops a workforce investment budget, and  
          establishes local workforce investment areas across the  
          state.  California has 50 local Workforce Investment  
          Boards.

           Regional Occupational Centers and Programs  

          ROC/Ps provide high school students 16 years of age and  
          older, and also adult students, with valuable career and  
          technical education so students can (1) enter the workforce  
          with skills and competencies to be successful, (2) pursue  
          advanced training in postsecondary educational  
          institutions; or (3) upgrade existing skills and  
          competencies.  

          The California Department of Education (CDE) 2006-07 data  
          shows that, statewide, California has a 67.6 percent high  
          school graduation rate and 24.2 percent dropout rate.   
          Graduation and dropout rates vary among counties and the  
          same data illustrates the following dropout rate  
          disparities among ethnic groups:  

                Ethnicity                            Graduation  
               Rate   Dropout Rate  
               White               84.8%          15.2%

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               African American         58.4           41.6
               American Indian          68.7           31.3
               Asian                    89.2           10.2
               Filipino            88.1                11.9
               Hispanic/Latino          69.7           30.3
               Pacific Islander         72.1           27.9

          Other CDE data on CTE indicates that the number of CTE  
          classes declined approximately 24 percent between 1997-98  
          and 2006-07.  Recent research by Kenneth C. Gray and Edwin  
          L. Herr of Pennsylvania State University indicates that  
          while many high school students matriculate to college,  
          relatively few go on to both earn a college degree and work  
          in a job requiring a college degree.  Gray and Herr argue  
          that providing a range of educational coursework, including  
          opportunities for contextual and applied learning and  
          rigorous academics, creates more alternatives for high  
          school students and enables them to make more informed  
          choices about career pathways following high school.

          California Research Bureau's (CRB) Careers Project Report  .   
          Earlier this year, the CRB released its Careers Project  
          report which examined the preparation all students in  
          public- and middle-high schools receive to explore career  
          options and the relationship between that preparation and  
          California's state and regional economies.  The report was  
          done at the request of a bipartisan group of 11 members of  
          the California Legislature and funding support from the  
          James Irvine Foundation.  The study consisted of three  
          distinct phases; a statewide survey of middle- and  
          high-school counselors and principals, an economic analysis  
          and a survey of representatives of business and industry in  
          California and school focus groups.

          The following are the findings relevant to this  
          legislation:  (a) there are limited resources available to  
          all students in grades 7 through 12 for career development,  
          (b) half of all respondents reported that their schools  
          offered a curriculum for career development, less than half  
          had developed such a curriculum, and about half had  
          provided career development to all students.  This  
          indicates that the provision of career development  
          information for all students regarding the various careers  
          and industries in the state is not a high priority for  

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          school districts and schools, (c) of the schools providing  
          career development services, only 10 percent had evaluated  
          the effectiveness of their career development activities,  
          programs or tools.  Moreover, of the schools that had  
          engaged with local businesses, about a fifth had evaluated  
          the effectiveness of these partnerships, (d) schools not  
          providing career development to all students or not  
          engaging with entities in their local community (such as  
          community colleges, local businesses or other community  
          organizations) might provide it if they had more staff, and  
          (e) principals and counselors concurred that students are  
          interested in receiving more career development  
          information; since this was the least cited reason for not  
          providing career development to all students.

          On March 23, the Committee on the Senate Business,  
          Professions and Economic Development held an informational  
          hearing entitled "The Role of Private Education  
          Institutions in Preparing California's Diverse Workforce:  
          Meeting the Challenges of our Workforce and Job Training  
          Needs."  The hearing examined the ability of private  
          postsecondary institutions to fill the career preparation  
          needs of California's workforce and evaluate policy options  
          that allow them to expand their workforce development  
          programs with the requisite amount of oversight required to  
          protect students.  Automotive, biotech, construction,  
          health and manufacturing industry representatives were  
          invited to participate in the hearing and they offered  
          testimony on their industries' difficulty in hiring  
          qualified employees.  They also provided the Committee with  
          information on workforce development programs in which they  
          have engaged to help address those workforce shortages.   
          This information provided the basis for one of the  
          hearing's main findings; specifically, that industries are  
          facing shortages in hiring workers with the minimum skills  
          needed for entry into the field.

          The State Board of Education adopted model curriculum  
          standards for career technical education in May 2005, and  
          adopted the curriculum frameworks for those standards in  
          January 2007.  The standards are organized in 15 industry  
          sectors of interrelated occupations and broad industries.   
          The standards also identify 58 career pathways and the  
          academic and technical courses required for each pathway. 

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          According to the author's office, this bill is needed to  
          ensure that state and federal CTE funds are spent in a  
          strategic manner and that local school districts and ROC/Ps  
          focus their efforts on courses that offer students pathways  
          to postsecondary and workforce opportunities.  The author  
          states that the State spends $1.2 billion annually on CTE  
          and while there are general statements about workforce  
          needs in federally funded programs and ROC/Ps, there aren't  
          any specific requirements to link curriculum to high  
          priority workforce needs in the state or in the region.   
          The author believes there needs to be a more strategic  
          approach on how career technical education funds are used  
          in K-12 schools and community colleges.  

           Related Legislation  

          This bill is part of a package of bills aimed at linking  
          the state's public education system to workforce needs in  
          current and future economies.  SB 675 (Steinberg)  
          establishes a Green Jobs Fund to establish CTE pathway  
          programs beginning in middle school.  SB 471 (Romero and  
          Steinberg) calls for stem cell biology education to expose  
          and prepare students for career paths in the field of  
          regenerative medicine.  SB 747 (Romero) creates a pilot  
          program for CTE curriculum to address the needs of the  
          aerospace industry; and SB 43 (Alquist) improves data  
          collection and availability to develop medical profession  
          pathway programs.  

           Prior Legislation 

          SB 2448 (Hancock), Chapter 572, Statutes of 2006 made  
          various changes to the operation and administration of  
          ROC/Ps and required that at least 90 percent of  
          state-funded courses offered by ROC/Ps are part of course  
          sequences that target high demand occupations.  SB 1197  
          (Alquist), Chapter 519, Statutes of 2008) required ROC/Ps  
          established and maintained pursuant to a joint powers  
          agreement receive operating funds directly from the county  
          office of education in which it is located.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

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           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  7/14/09) (Unable to reverify at time  
          of writing)

          American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
          Employees, AFL-CIO
          California County Boards of Education
          California Federation of Teachers
          Legislative Committee of the California Boards of Education



          CPM:cm  8/25/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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