BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 550
                                                                  Page  1


          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 550 (Florez)
          As Amended  August 16, 2010
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :26-11  
           
           NATURAL RESOURCES   6-2         APPROPRIATIONS      12-0        
           
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
          |Ayes:|Chesbro, Brownley, De     |Ayes:|Fuentes, Bradford,        |
          |     |Leon, Hill, Huffman,      |     |Huffman, Coto, Davis, De  |
          |     |Skinner                   |     |Leon, Gatto, Hall, Norby, |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner, Solorio,         |
          |     |                          |     |Torlakson, Torrico        |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Knight, Logue             |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 
           SUMMARY  :  Beginning January 1, 2012, requires a well operator to  
          provide the surface rights owner with written notification of any  
          well operation agreement between the well operator and the owner  
          of the subsurface or mineral rights within 10 days of the  
          agreement.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires the Supervisor of the Division of Oil, Gas and  
            Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) in the Department of Conservation  
            (Department) to supervise the drilling, operation, maintenance  
            and abandonment of oil and gas wells, production facilities, and  
            pipelines to prevent damage to life, health, property,  
            underground and surface waters, and natural resources, among  
            other things.

          2)Requires DOGGR to, by regulation, prescribe minimum facility  
            maintenance standards for all production facilities in the  
            state, which may include leak detection, corrosion prevention,  
            tank inspection, valve maintenance, secondary containment, and  
            other standards the Supervisor deems important for proper  
            operation of facilities and to prevent damage to life, health,  
            property, natural resources, groundwater and surface waters.

          3)Requires a facility operator to file a spill contingency plan at  
            the time of initial production or within three months of  







                                                                  SB 550
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            acquiring a production facility.

          4)Authorizes the Supervisor to require an operator with a history  
            of violating relevant oil and gas laws or that has outstanding  
            liabilities to the state to require a life-of-well or  
            life-of-production facility bond to ensure the proper plugging  
            and abandonment, safe decommission, financing of spill response  
            and clean-up.
           
          FISCAL EFFECT  :  According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, minor absorbable costs, if any, to the Department.

           COMMENTS  :  There is currently no requirement that an oil and gas  
          exploration company have liability insurance in order to get a  
          permit from DOGGR to drill.  A small bond is required by DOGGR to  
          cover shut-in costs, but the bonds are not "lifetime of facility"  
          bonds and, in any case, the amounts are insufficient to cover the  
          clean-up of a large accident.

          This is very important to the surface rights owner in a situation  
          where the surface and subsurface/mineral rights are owned by  
          different parties and the mineral rights owner engages in  
          hydro-carbon exploration (directly or through a lease).  If an  
          accident occurs (spill, explosion, or groundwater contamination)  
          and the exploration company is insolvent or under-capitalized, the  
          surface owner could not only suffer impairment of their investment  
          in the surface, but also be liable for the clean-up costs.

          According to the Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR),  
          there are over twice as many inland oil spills as there are marine  
          spills, but the state responds to less than one third of all  
          inland spills reported (It is unclear how many spills were from  
          oil and gas operations supervised by DOGGR).  Recently, spills  
          have occurred on the central coast and in Suisun Marsh, impacting  
          water supplies and sensitive marsh ecosystems.  In Santa Barbara  
          County, Greka Oil and Gas reportedly has spilled more than 500,000  
          gallons of oil and contaminated material since 2002 due to a  
          failure to adequately maintain its facilities.  In 2008 and 2009,  
          OSPR reported 159 and 105 onshore spills (of 42 gallons or more),  
          respectively, from oil exploration and production activities most  
          likely in DOGGR's jurisdiction.  Collectively, nearly 590,000 and  
          270,000 gallons of oil, drill waste, or oily/water mixtures were  
          spilled, respectively.  OSPR data do not indicate whether there  
          was a clean-up response, if any, or the damage a spill may have  
          caused.







                                                                  SB 550
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          The author of this bill is primarily concerned about a scenario in  
          which surface and subsurface development rights are owned by  
          different parties (a common occurrence in the San Joaquin Valley)  
          and the latter party's capacity to shoulder the costs of cleaning  
          up a spill or compensating a landowner for surface damage should  
          it go bankrupt or otherwise be unable to pay.  In this instance,  
          the author is concerned that the costs and liability would then  
          fall to the surface right holder.  Additionally, the author is  
          concerned about multiple cases of drinking water contamination  
          across the country due to new drilling techniques like hydraulic  
          fracturing, though it is unclear if the technique is used much in  
          California. 

          Since 1939, the Legislature has required well operators to provide  
          indemnity bonds whenever they drill, redrill, deepen, or otherwise  
          permanently alter a well.  Existing law requires these bonds to  
          secure the state against any losses or expenses it incurs to bring  
          an operator into compliance with all applicable drilling laws and  
          regulations, which include the prevention of damage to life,  
          health, property, underground and surface waters, and natural  
          resources.  Otherwise, unlike offshore drilling or oil transport  
          activities, there is no liability insurance or financial assurance  
          requirement (e.g., a demonstration of the ability to pay any  
          damages caused by a worst-case spill) for onshore operators.

          This bill requires an operator to notify an owner of surface  
          rights within 10 days of executing any agreement with a drilling  
          company. Given the bifurcation of surface and sub-surface rights  
          in certain areas of the state, the author contends that a surface  
          right owner should at least be notified of such an agreement  
          considering the potential for damage of drilling operations to  
          surface resources or groundwater.  In certain agreements or leases  
          obtained by the author, there is no mention of the obligation to  
          remediate contamination to soil or groundwater.  While a surface  
          right owner may not have any leverage to influence such an  
          agreement, notification, at a minimum is reasonable.  
           

          Analysis Prepared by  :  Jessica Westbrook / NAT. RES. / (916)  
          319-2092 


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