BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






           SENATE TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE       BILL NO: SB 626
          SENATOR ALAN LOWENTHAL, CHAIRMAN               AUTHOR:  kehoe
                                                         VERSION: 2/27/09
          Analysis by: Carrie Cornwell                   FISCAL:  yes
          Hearing date: April 28, 2009








          SUBJECT:

          Plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles: fueling infrastructure

          DESCRIPTION:

          This bill requires the California Public Utilities Commission  
          (PUC), in consultation with specified parties, to evaluate and  
          implement policies to provide fueling infrastructure for plug-in  
          hybrid and electric vehicles.

          ANALYSIS:

          In 2006, the Legislature passed and the Governor signed AB 32  
          (N??ez and Pavley), Chapter 488, to establish a statewide  
          greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limit such that by 2020  
          California reduces its GHG emissions to the level they were in  
          1990.

          Existing law authorizes the California Energy Resources  
          Conservation and Development Commission (CEC) to monitor  
          transportation fuel supplies and prices in California, including  
          publishing a biennial integrated energy policy report that  
          examines issues of supply, demand, and supply reliability for  
          transportation fuel. 

          Existing law charges the California Air Resource Board (ARB)  
          with primary responsibility for the control of mobile source air  
          pollution, including the adoption of rules for the reduction of  
          harmful vehicle emissions and the specification of vehicular  
          fuel composition.

          Existing law requires the PUC, in consultation with the CEC,  




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          ARB, the air quality management districts and air pollution  
          control districts, regulated electrical and natural gas  
          corporations, and the motor vehicle industry to evaluate and  
          implement policies that promote the use of electric power and  
          natural gas to fuel low-emission vehicles. The PUC shall report  
          every two years beginning January 30, 1993, on the policy it and  
          other agencies implement.

           This bill  requires the PUC, in consultation with the CEC, ARB,  
          electrical corporations, and the motor vehicle industry, to  
          evaluate and implement policies to develop infrastructure  
          sufficient to overcome any barriers to the widespread deployment  
          and use of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles. Specifically,  
          the bill requires the PUC, by January 1, 2011, to adopt rules to  
          address:

               Electricity-delivery infrastructure needed to accommodate  
              the widespread use of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles,  
              including the development of public charging infrastructure  
              and incentives necessary to promote the development of this  
              infrastructure.

               The impact of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles on  
              power grid stability.

               Whether incentives are needed to promote the use of these  
              vehicles, including among low-income Californians.

               The technical advances needed and the state role in  
              providing these advances to ensure the widespread use of  
              plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles.
          
               Existing legal impediments to the widespread use of these  
              vehicles and recommended changes to those legal impediments.

               The role the state should take to ensure that technologies  
              employed in plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles are  
              harmonized across utility service areas.

               The impact of widespread use of plug-in hybrid and  
              electric vehicles on achieving the state's AB 32 goals and  
              renewables portfolio standards, including what steps should  
              be taken to address shifting emissions reductions from the  
              transportation sector to the electrical industry.
          
          COMMENTS:




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           1.Purpose  . While various programs of the CEC and the ARB examine  
            lower carbon fuels and the infrastructure required to deploy  
            these fuels, the author asserts that the state also needs to  
            examine how electric vehicle infrastructure will be integrated  
            into the state power grid. Proponents note that the impact of  
            plug-in vehicles on California's electric utility systems and  
            infrastructure could be significant, unless utilities are able  
            to shift the time that consumers charge them to off-peak  
            periods. They assert that utilities need to evaluate potential  
            impacts of large numbers of plug-in vehicles on their systems  
            and to develop strategies to address this electrical load.  
            This bill directs the PUC to begin that process.
          
           2.Plug-in hybrid vehicles . Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles  
            (PHEVs) are powered both by an engine that runs on a fuel,  
            such as gasoline, and an electric motor that runs on a  
            battery, which is rechargeable by plugging it into an  
            electrical outlet.  With the exception of a small number of  
            demonstration vehicles, the only plug-in hybrids available  
            today are conversions of the commercially available standard  
            hybrids, such as the Toyota Prius. Plug-in conversions are  
            reported to get around 100 miles to the gallon.

           3.The PUC and utility ratepayer interests  . In 1990, SB 2103  
            (Rosenthal), Chapter 791, required the PUC, in consultation  
            with various parties, to develop and implement policies that  
            promote the use of electric power and natural gas to fuel  
            low-emission vehicles and to report periodically to the  
            Legislature on those policies. The PUC issued only one report  
            under this requirement as a later enacted statute, AB 3239  
            (Conroy), Chapter 1000, Statutes of 2004, sponsored by the  
            petroleum industry and ratepayer advocates, defined the  
            interests of utility ratepayers to mean "direct benefits that  
            are specific to ratepayers in the form of safer, more  
            reliable, and less costly gas or electrical service." This  
            precluded the PUC from pursuing policies aimed at fueling  
            vehicles, including those required by SB 2103. A 2005  
            amendment to the definition of utility ratepayer interest  
            added the increased use of alternative fuels, so the PUC could  
            now fulfill the requirements of this bill or of existing law.

           4.Committee of second referral  .  The Rules Committee referred  
            this bill to the Energy, Utilities, and Communications  
            Committee and to the Transportation and Housing Committee.  
            This bill passed that committee on April 21, 2009 by a 11 to 0  




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            vote.

          
          POSITIONS:  (Communicated to the Committee before noon on  
          Wednesday,
                     April 22, 2009)

               SUPPORT:  California Electric Transportation Coalition
                         PowerGenix
                         Toyota 
          
               OPPOSED:  None received.