BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Gloria Romero, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 651
          AUTHOR:        Romero
          INTRODUCED:    February 27, 2009
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 29, 2009
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Annual Report on Dropouts
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  
          to submit an Annual Dropout Report, as specified, to the  
          Governor, Legislature, and State Board of Education  
          beginning on or before August 1, 2010.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law requires the assignment of a Statewide Student  
          Identifier (SSID) as an individual, yet non-personally  
          identifiable number to each K-12 student enrolled in a  
          California public school, and requires the establishment of  
          the California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System  
          (CALPADS) that includes statewide assessment data,  
          enrollment data, teacher assignment data, and other  
          elements required to meet federal No Child Left Behind  
          reporting requirements. 

          CALPADS includes student demographic, program  
          participation, grade level enrollment, course enrollment  
          and completion, discipline, and statewide assessment data.  
          According to the CDE, the student-level, longitudinal data  
          in CALPADS will facilitate program evaluation, assessment  
          of student achievement over time, the calculation of more  
          accurate dropout and graduation rates, the efficient  
          creation of reports to meet state and federal reporting  
          requirements, and the ability to create ad hoc reports and  
          respond to questions. 

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  requires the Superintendent of Public Instruction  




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          (SPI) to submit an Annual Dropout Report, to the Governor,  
          Legislature, and State Board of Education beginning on or  
          before August 1, 2010.  Specifically it:

          1)   Requires that the report include but not be limited  
               to:

                    a)             Specified drop out rates for  
                    grades 7-12, 9-12, and middle schools and  
                    promotion rates from grade 9 to grade 10.  

                    b)             The percentage of high schools  
                    students at each grade level on track to graduate  
                    and the average number of non-promotional school  
                    moves made by pupils between grades 6 and 12.

                    c)             "Full year" dropout rates for  
                    alternative schools.

                    d)             Relevant data on school climate  
                    and pupil engagement from the California Healthy  
                    Kids Survey.

                    e)             California High School Exit Exam  
                    passage rates.

                    f)             Cohort dropout rates, to replace  
                    middle and high school dropout rates, once  
                    longitudinal data is available and the rates can  
                    be calculated accurately.

                    g)             If data is available, 4, 5, and 6  
                    year graduation rates, course enrollment patterns  
                    by school and district, as specified, behavioral  
                    data including suspension and expulsions.

                    h)             Requires, if possible, that  
                    dropout data be reported and organized by state,  
                    county, district and school. 

          2)   Requires the report to include data from alternative  
               middle and high schools, as specified.

          3)   Requires, if possible the data to be presented for  
               subgroups grade level, ethnicity, gender,  
               socioeconomic status, limited English proficiency and  




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               disability if the subgroups meet specified criteria  
               (at least 50 pupils with a valid test score, and a  
               subgroup that constitutes 15 percent of the total  
               population of students with valid test scores at a  
               school).

          4)   Requires the report to include most recent year data  
               and at minimum, two prior years' data for easy  
               comparison.

          5)   Requires the SPI to comply with additional reporting  
               requirements.  Specifically it requires the SPI to:

                    a)             Make an oral presentation of the  
                    report to the State Board of Education at a  
                    regularly scheduled meeting (authorizes a  
                    designee).

                    b)             Make the contents of the report  
                    available on the California Department of  
                    Education website as specified.

                    c)             Authorizes inclusion of the  
                    school-level data on the CDE website and its  
                    omission from the written report, if this data  
                    renders the written report unwieldy. 


           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Intent of the author  .  According to the author,  
               California is facing a high school dropout crisis.   
               Fewer than 80% of 9th graders statewide, and fewer  
               than 60% in some districts, go on to graduate from  
               high school.  More than 120,000 students abandon  
               school each year without a diploma.  The California  
               Dropout Research Project at UC Santa Barbara reports  
               that each cohort of California dropouts costs the  
               state $46.4 billion over their lifetimes.  The Public  
               Policy Institute of California predicts that in 2025,  
               there will be twice as many high school dropouts as  
               there will be jobs to support them.  The California  
               Dropout Research Project recommends a more  
               comprehensive, annual public accounting for dropouts.  
               According to the author, California needs more than  
               statistics. It needs timely information so that the  




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               state, districts, and schools can be more strategic in  
               their focus on dropout prevention.  This bill would  
               make smarter use of existing student data to inform  
               this goal.

           2)   What's possible under California Longitudinal Pupil  
               Achievement Data System (CALPADS)  ? According to the  
               California Department of Education (CDE) most of the  
               data required for the annual report is available  
               through CALPADS or will be within the next year.   
               However, in order to ensure the full collection of  
               four years of information as well as to allow  
               sufficient time for districts to review and correct  
               data, staff recommends the bill be amended to require  
               the report be submitted on or before August 1, 2011.  

               Staff notes that the bill requires the inclusion of  
               data on school climate and pupil engagement as well as  
               behavioral information.  While CALPADS will provide  
               data on suspensions and expulsions it is not designed  
               to provide the contextual information that appears to  
               be the goal of these provisions of the bill.  Should  
               the bill be amended to delete these provisions? Or,  
               alternatively, should it be amended to provide a means  
               for the CDE to collect or receive such information  
               through more intensive focus group study or other data  
               gathering activities?

           3)   Need for greater clarity  .  While this bill is very  
               prescriptive in terms of the data to be reported and  
               the means by which the contents of the report are to  
               be made available, the purpose and intended audience  
               for the report are less clear.  Greater clarity in  
               this regard would provide the guidance to the CDE to  
               ensure that the report is developed and presented in a  
               manner which meets the goals of the author.  Staff  
               recommends the bill be amended to insert the following  
               language: It is the intent of the Legislature that the  
               report prepared by the Superintendent of Public  
               Instruction be usable by schools, districts,  
               policymakers, researchers, parents and the public, for  
               purposes of identifying and understanding trends,  
               causal relationships, early warning indicators and  
               potential points of intervention to address the high  
               rate of dropouts in California. 





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