BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                   SB 662|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 662
          Author:   Yee (D)
          Amended:  5/14/09
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE GOVERNMENTAL ORG. COMMITTEE  :  11-0, 4/28/09
          AYES:  Wright, Harman, Benoit, Calderon, Denham, Florez,  
            Negrete McLeod, Oropeza, Wiggins, Wyland, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Padilla, Vacancy

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  12-0, 5/11/09
          AYES:  Kehoe, Cox, Corbett, Denham, DeSaulnier, Hancock,  
            Leno, Oropeza, Runner, Walters, Wolk, Yee
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Wyland


           SUBJECT  :    Horse racing:  parimutuel wagering:  real time  
          monitoring

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes the California Horse Racing  
          Board to provide real time monitoring of all pari-mutuel  
          wagering transactions on California horse races.

           ANALYSIS  :    Article IV, Section 19(b) of the Constitution  
          of the State of California provides that the Legislature  
          may provide for the regulation of horse races and horse  
          race meetings and wagering on the results.

          Existing law provides the California Horse Racing Board  
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          (CHRB) shall have all powers necessary and proper to enable  
          it to carry out the purposes of the Horse Racing Law and  
          specifies certain responsibilities of CHRB including, but  
          not limited to, all of the following:

          1. Adopting rules and regulations for the protection of the  
             public and the control of horse racing and parimutuel  
             wagering.

          2. Administration and enforcement of all laws, rules, and  
             regulations affecting horse racing and parimutuel  
             wagering.

          3. Adjudication of controversies arising from the  
             enforcement of those laws and regulations dealing with  
             horse racing and parimutuel wagering.

          4. Licensing of each racing association and all persons,  
             other than the public at large, who participate in a  
             horse racing meeting with parimutuel wagering.

          5. Allocation of racing dates to qualified associations in  
             accordance with law.

          Existing law provides that, as of July 1, 2009, any  
          association or fair that conducts a racing meeting shall  
          only pay a license fee to the state to fund CHRB and the  
          Kenneth L. Maddy Equine Research Laboratory at UC Davis as  
          follows:

          1. All racing associations and fairs including all breeds  
             of racing shall participate in the funding of CHRB in  
             accordance with a formula devised by CHRB in  
             consultation with the horse racing industry.

          2. The baseline funding for CHRB and equine drug testing in  
             the first fiscal year after the enactment of this  
             section shall be the amount approved in the 2008-2009  
             state budget.

          3. Adjustments to the funding in subsequent budget years  
             may only be made by an act of the Legislature.

          Existing law provides that, after payments to fund CHRB and  







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          the equine drug testing program, the remaining amount of  
          license fees shall be distributed to the association that  
          conducts the meet and the horsemen participating in the  
          meet as follows, 50 percent to the association as  
          commissions, and 50 percent to the horsemen as purses.

          Existing law authorizes CHRB to permit licensed racing  
          associations and fairs to operate satellite wagering  
          facilities.

          Existing law authorizes and defines "advance deposit  
          wagering (ADW)" as a form of parimutuel wagering in which a  
          person "establishes an account with a CHRB-approved betting  
          system or wagering hub where the account owner provides  
          'wagering instructions' authorizing the entity holding the  
          account to place wagers on the owner's behalf."

          Existing law allows CHRB to authorize 15 mini-satellite  
          wagering sites in each of the northern, central and  
          southern racing zones.

          Existing law establishes the Maddy Lab to take advantage of  
          the expertise of the veterinary specialists at UC Davis'  
          School of Veterinary Medicine.  The laboratory is a part of  
          the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory.

          Existing law authorizes the allocation of $11 million from  
          the Satellite Wagering Account to pay for the costs and  
          expenses of CHRB and the Maddy Lab.

          This bill:

          1. Expands the responsibilities of CHRB to include:

             A.    Providing real time transactional monitoring of  
                all parimutuel wagering on California horse races.

             B.    Maintaining independent technology services to  
                provide for capturing, saving, transmitting,  
                receiving, and otherwise disseminating technology  
                resources.  CHRB may contract with the Department  
                of Technology Services or seek suitable  
                accommodations with vendors of CHRB's choosing for  
                the purpose of furthering the CHRB's chosen  







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                business objectives.

          2. Requires any association or fair that conducts a racing  
             meeting to pay a license fee to the state to fund real  
             time transactional monitoring of all parimutuel wagering  
             on California horse races.

           Comments
           
          According to the author's office, "SB 662 requires the  
          California Horse Racing Board to provide for real time  
          transactional monitoring of all parimutuel wagering on  
          California races.  The Board sorely needs to have the  
          independence and ability to monitor all parimutuel wagers  
          on California horse races. 

          "This need was brought to the forefront during the 2008  
          Kentucky Derby.  A California bettor placed a "Quick Pick"  
          wager of $1,500 on the Kentucky Derby.  This wager was  
          intended to randomly select horses from numbers 1 through  
          20 to fill the wager.  The winner of the Derby was the  
          number 20 horse.  

          "Two days after the running of the Derby, the California  
          bettor came into the Stewards Office at Golden Gate Fields  
          and told the official, "It's really strange that out of all  
          these tickets the number 20 horse did not show up  
          anywhere."  The steward asked the mutuel manager (an  
          employee of the race track) what he thought about this  
          coincidence and the employee said something to the effect  
          that it was "bad luck."  The steward (a contract employee  
          of CHRB) then reported the coincidence, or bad luck, to the  
          Executive Director (ED) of CHRB.  The ED then contacted the  
          mutuel manager who stated: "there may be a problem with the  
          tote machines."  

          "The tote machines are property of a contractor, who  
          contracts with the racing associations.  The ED then  
          contacted the tote company's Regional Manager who stated  
          that he had heard of a similar problem nine months earlier  
          in Indiana.  Based on this information, the ED ordered an  
          audit of the tote system in California.  

          "At that point in time, about two weeks after the Derby,  







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          the possible failure in the tote system became public  
          knowledge.  Senator Leland Yee called the ED to ask the  
          question:  "Don't you have any way of monitoring the system  
          to know if something is going wrong?"  The ED responded  
          that the Board is conducting an audit of the tote company  
          to find out if there was or is a problem, and, that the  
          Board is dependent on the numbers furnished by the tote  
          company through a system called the Consolidated Horse  
          Racing Information Management System (CHRIMS).  Senator Yee  
          stated, "Well that's only going to tell you what they want  
          you to hear."

          "The audit of the tote company revealed an "anomaly" on  
          some machines and only on the "Quick Pick" wager.  The  
          Quick Pick wager was withdrawn from the betting format, and  
          the tote company was ordered to pay restitution for not  
          bringing this to the attention of the CHRB in a more timely  
          fashion.
          "In addition, on April 23, 2009, ThoroughbredTimes.com  
          reported that a wagering system foul-up on April 22 (less  
          than a week ago) impacted wagering pools in five states and  
          affected bettors across the country.  $2 bets placed at New  
          York City Off-Track Betting and processed through AmTote  
          were deposited into wagering pools as $200 bets.   
          Thoroughbred facilities affected were Aqueduct, Golden Gate  
          Fields, Gulfstream Park, Indiana Downs, Keeneland Race  
          Course, and Tampa Bay Downs.

          "These known incidents make it clear that California  
          consumers need independent, real time oversight of all  
          parimutuel wagering on California horse races."

          For more than a decade, horse racing has been a declining  
          industry.  Some argue that the decline stems from increased  
          competition from expanded gaming in California to the  
          inability of the industry to attract new fans.  Regardless  
          of the reasons, the closure and threatened closure of  
          racetracks, a decline in the handle, purses and the size of  
          racing fields are indicators that the sport of kings is in  
          a precarious position.  

          Over the years, in an effort to secure the business footing  
          of horse racing, the industry has endeavored to modify its  
          business model to attract more fans and to make wagering  







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          more convenient.  In 1984, legislation was enacted to  
          authorize satellite wagering via off-track facilities.  In  
          2001, legislation was enacted to authorize advance deposit  
          wagering (ADW) which allows a fan or customers to deposit  
          funds into an account in order to wager online and over the  
          telephone.  In 2007, legislation authorized the  
          establishment of 45 mini-satellite wagering facilities  
          throughout the state 15 in each racing zone.  

          Without getting into the debate regarding the impact of  
          satellite wagering and ADW on the business of horse racing,  
          as a whole, one thing is clear - electronic wagering  
          systems are critical components of horse racing's future.   
          Illustrating this is the fact that ADW is the only segment  
          of the horse racing industry that is growing.

           Consolidated Horse Racing Information Management System  
          (CHRIMS)  .  CHRIMS is a database system developed in 1989  
          that keeps track of wagers and the flow of money in horse  
          racing.  CHRIMS provides end-users access to information by  
          selected data ranges and a variety of data-sorting options.  
           Using CHRIMS, end-users can see what has actually taken  
          place on the prior day, in terms of handle, takeout, total  
          amount payable to the public, distributions, etc., and can  
          be further sorted by location groups (California on-track,  
          off-track, and out-of-state wagers) or by various date  
          ranges, breeds and a variety of other options.  CHRIMS can  
          also run "what-if" scenarios to project the effects of  
          proposed changes to law that would change distribution  
          percentages.

          CHRIMS does not provide real time information.  Utilizing  
          software tools, CHRIMS staff loads and balances California  
          parimutuel data on a daily basis.  Each night following the  
          close of wagering, CHRIMS computers download complete  
          wagering files from the three totalizator hubs.  The  
          following morning, CHRIMS personnel supervise the  
          compilation of tote data into usable formats (pool by pool,  
          site by site, handle, takeout, breakage, and payout), which  
          is then processed, per statutory and contractual takeout  
          distribution formulas and made available for review.

          Further, CHRIMS is not completely independent.  CHRIMS is  
          the property of the state.  The members of the CHRIMS board  







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          are also its clients -- racing association operators.  The  
          members of the CHRIMS board also, as part of their duties  
          as racetrack operators, contract with the tote company for  
          services.  Moreover, CHRIMS contracts with other states and  
          the tote company contracts back with CHRIMS.

           Best approach  .  With more and more wagering occurring on  
          the Internet and electronically, it could be argued that  
          the opportunities for fraud have grown.  At this time,  
          CHRB, who is responsible for protecting the betting public,  
          depends significantly on CHRIMS in its oversight role.   
          CHRB does not have an independent monitoring system that in  
          "real time" can pick up, not only anomalies in the tote  
          system, but also detect money laundering schemes and trends  
          in wagering that may put the betting public at a  
          disadvantage.  

          By all accounts, all stakeholders want to ensure the  
          integrity of horse racing to protect the betting public,  
          the track operators, and everyone involved in horse racing,  
          and consider that real time wagering monitoring system  
          would be beneficial.  

          Currently, New York State Racing and Wagering Board passed  
          legislation requiring independent real time monitoring of  
          all parimutuel wagering.  New York aimed to have the system  
          in place by January 1, 2009, but missed that target date.   
          New York is working closely with the industry and system  
          providers to develop the parameters of and implement the  
          system.  The state of Indiana and Minnesota are looking at  
          adding oversight software for its horse racing parimutuel  
          wagering pools.  

          The author's office, through this bill, is committed to  
          working with the industry to establish a real time system  
          to protect California's wagering public as soon as  
          possible.  The author's office indicates that if and when a  
          national system is developed, then California could  
          participate in the national program.  

           Totalizator  .  A totalizator is the name of the system which  
          runs parimutuel wagering, calculating payoff odds as wagers  
          are made and payouts once a race is complete.  Electronic  
          terminals are used by parimutuel clerks to key in wagers  







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          into the system and by customers who place bets into the  
          system directly or through a wagering hub.

           Independent Monitoring System (IMS)  .  IMS is a computerized  
          system that has been designed, built and/or operated or  
          supported by a company or companies other than the  
          totalizator provider or related entity and is not related  
          to the totalizator provider or authorized parimutuel  
          wagering entity in any way.  The system must, among other  
          things, monitor all transactions received and processed by  
          the totalizator, produce alerts corresponding to potential  
          wagering rule violations or other situations that could  
          compromise the integrity of the wagering process.

           Real Time Transactional Monitoring System  .  A real time  
          transactional monitoring system is an operating system that  
          can respond to input immediately (ranging from a few  
          seconds to minutes depending on the function).  The system  
          must be able to react to a steady flow of new information  
          without interruption and perform its tasks within the same  
          time constraints of the totalizator system it monitors. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  Yes   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions                2009-10     2010-11     
           2011-12   Fund
           
          "Real-time" monitoring                       --potentially  
          $1,000 - $2,000                                          
          Special*
            system                offset by license fee revenue

          *Fairs and Exposition Fund

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/14/09)

          Center for Public Interest Law
          University of San Diego School of Law








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          TSM:do  5/14/09   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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