BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Gloria Romero, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                        

          BILL NO:       SB 751
          AUTHOR:        Romero
          INTRODUCED:    February 27, 2009
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 15, 2009
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:    Beth Graybill

           SUBJECT  :  Teaching Credentials
          
           SUMMARY  

          This bill 1) streamlines the credential application process  
          for out-of-state teachers who were prepared outside the  
          United States and 2) establishes requirements for local  
          education agencies that provide test preparation courses  
          for teachers seeking a subsequent credential.

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law authorizes the Commission on Teacher  
          Credentialing (CTC) to issue preliminary and clear teaching  
          credentials to teachers prepared in countries other than  
          the United States who meet specified criteria including the  
          possession of a baccalaureate or higher degree determined  
          to be equivalent to a degree offered by a regionally  
          accredited institution in the United States and completion  
          of a professional preparation program approved by a  
          government agency in the country where the program was  
          completed.  

          Existing law (SB 1209, Scott, Chapter 517, 2006)  
          established credential requirements for out-of-state  
          teachers that are consistent with requirements for  
          candidates prepared in California, including possession of  
          a valid elementary, secondary, or special education  
          teaching credential, possession of a baccalaureate degree  
          from a regionally accredited institution of higher  
          education, completion of a teacher preparation program,  
          training to teach English language learners, and other  
          requirements as specified.  

          Existing law requires candidates earning a single subject  




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          teaching credential to demonstrate subject matter knowledge  
          either by completion of a baccalaureate subject matter  
          program approved by the CTC or by passage of a subject  
          matter examination in the subject area to be taught and  
          further establishes this requirement as a prerequisite for  
          a teaching assignment.  

          Existing law requires the CTC to select, administer, and  
          interpret subject matter examinations.  The CTC has adopted  
          a series of subject matter examinations for prospective  
          teachers who choose to meet the subject matter competence  
          requirement by examination called the California Subject  
          Examinations for Teachers (CSET).  
           ANALYSIS 

           This bill  :

          1)   Requires the California Teacher Credentialing (CTC) to  
               issue a multiple subject, single subject, or education  
               specialist teaching credential to a teacher prepared  
               in a country other than the United States who has  
               earned a valid corresponding elementary, secondary, or  
               special education teaching credential in another state  
               and meets requirements for out-of-state credential  
               applicants.  

          2)   Specifies that a corresponding elementary, secondary,  
               or special education teaching credential earned in  
               another state satisfies the teacher preparation  
               program requirements for out-of-country teachers.  

          3)   Requires a school district, county office of  
               education, or charter school that provides examination  
               preparation courses that prepare credentialed teachers  
               to take a subject matter examination in mathematics or  
               the sciences to:  

               a)        Ensure that the program meets the domains  
                    for subject matter understanding and skill  
                    adopted by the CTC in the content area (i.e.  
                    ensure that the course content is aligned to the  
                    California Subject Examinations for Teachers  
                    (CSET).  

               b)        Provide guidance and information to each  
                    teacher participant on the requirements for  




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                    adding a new credential.  

               c)        Monitor the progress of teacher participants  
                    toward meeting credential requirements and report  
                    annually to its governing board.  

          4)   Authorizes a school district, county office of  
               education, or charter school that provides intensive  
               examination preparation courses to contract with other  
               entities to provide the courses.  

           STAFF COMMENTS 

           1)   Out-of-country prepared teachers  .  California's  
               credential application process for teachers prepared  
               in countries outside the United States requires  
               applicants to obtain a foreign transcript evaluation  
               (which can cost $200 or more) to determine that the  
               university or college degree earned in the foreign  
               country is equivalent to degrees earned by candidates  
               who are prepared in the United States.  Currently,  
               this process applies both to individuals who come to  
               California directly from their home country and to  
               teachers who first earn a credential in another state  
               and underwent a transcript evaluation to satisfy  
               requirements in that state.  Requiring out-of-state  
               teachers who completed their teacher training outside  
               the U.S. to undergo a second transcript evaluation  
               creates an inequitable and costly barrier to the  
               California teaching credential.  

          According to the CTC, requirements for teachers prepared  
               outside the United States are comparable from state to  
               state:  

                 a)          States require a foreign transcript  
                      evaluation to verify the candidate holds a  
                      Bachelor's degree or higher that is equivalent  
                      to one earned in the United States and has  
                      completed a teacher preparation program; 

                 b)          Candidates must have received or be  
                      qualified to receive a full credential in the  
                      country in which there were prepared; 

                 c)          Candidates to meet subject matter  




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                      competence requirements in order to earn a  
                      full, non-provisional credential.  

               By correcting an inequity in the current application  
               process, for this subset of out-of-state teachers, SB  
               751 could increase the pipeline of fully prepared  
               teachers into California while assuring that teachers  
               who received their teacher training in another country  
               possess the training and knowledge necessary to teach  
               in California classrooms.  

           2)   Test preparation  .  For several years, California has  
               had a chronic and persistent shortage of qualified  
               teachers in certain subjects including mathematics,  
               science, and foreign languages.  When schools are  
               unable to recruit fully qualified teachers, they often  
               hire underprepared teachers or assign teachers with a  
               credential in one content area to teach "out of field"  
               one of these subjects.  The Center for the Future of  
               Teaching and Learning (CFTL) has reported that while  
               the number of underprepared teachers has declined on a  
               statewide basis from 14 percent in 2000-01 to five  
               percent in 2007-08, the number of underprepared  
               teachers, including out of field teachers, tend to be  
               concentrated in schools and communities that serve the  
               most economically disadvantaged students.  In its 2008  
               report on California's Teaching Force, the CFTL  
               reported that students in the lowest achieving schools  
               are 14 times more likely to have more than one  
               underprepared teacher than students in higher  
               achieving schools.  

          The Credential Counselors and Analysts of California  
               indicate that a number of universities and local  
               education agencies offer test preparation programs to  
               enable underprepared or out of field teachers to meet  
               state requirements for content knowledge of the  
               subjects they teach.  To the extent that local  
               education agencies make test preparation courses  
               available, this bill could make it easier for out of  
               field teachers to demonstrate the subject matter  
               knowledge required for a subsequent credential and  
               help schools address local teacher shortages.  

           3)   Only math and science  ?  Notwithstanding the critical  
               shortage of math and science teachers, it is unclear  




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               why the requirements established for test preparation  
               courses, such as making sure courses are California  
               Subject Examination for Teachers (CSET)-aligned, or  
               advising candidates about credential requirements  
               should not extend to any test preparation course that  
               might be given by a local education agency.  Given  
               that some schools may have a shortage of math  
               teachers, and others may have a shortage of Social  
               Science teachers, does it make sense to limit the  
               requirements of this bill to math and science test  
               preparation?  Staff recommends amending the bill to  
               delete the references to mathematics and sciences in  
               the title of the Article and in paragraph (a) of  
               Section 44401.  

           SUPPORT
           
          California Federation of Teachers
          California School Boards Association
          California Teachers Association
          Commission on Teacher Credentialing
          San Francisco Unified School District

           OPPOSITION
           
          None received.