BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                  SENATE HUMAN
                               SERVICES COMMITTEE
                            Senator Carol Liu, Chair


          BILL NO:       SB 774                                       
          S
          AUTHOR:        Ashburn                                      
          B
          VERSION:       To be amended
          HEARING DATE:  April 28, 2009                               
          7
          FISCAL:        To Appropriations                            
          7
                                                                      
          4
          CONSULTANT:                                                
          Hailey
                                        

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                        Social workers: criminal history

                                     SUMMARY  

          Requires counties to obtain a criminal history before  
          hiring a social worker assigned to child welfare services  
          and prohibits a county from hiring in that position a  
          person convicted of specified crimes.

                                     ABSTRACT  

           Current law
           1.  Establishes child welfare services as emergency  
          services, family reunification, family maintenance, and  
          permanency planning.

          2.  Requires counties, as an arm of the state, to provide  
          those child welfare services to children who are abused or  
          neglected or are at risk of abuse or neglect.

          3.  Provides for statewide coordinated training programs to  
          meet the needs of county social workers assigned to child  
          welfare services and adoption responsibilities.  (Welfare  
          and Institutions Code 16206.)
                                                         Continued---



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          4.  Provides that the attorney general shall maintain  
          summary criminal history information and shall furnish the  
          information to specified persons including any city or  
          county, city and county, district, or any officer or  
          official thereof if access is needed in order to assist  
          that agency, officer, or official in fulfilling employment,  
          certification, or licensing duties, and if the access is  
          specifically authorized by the city council, board of  
          supervisors, or governing board of the city, county , or  
          district if the criminal history information is required to  
          implement a statute, ordinance, or regulation that  
          expressly refers to specific criminal conduct applicable to  
          the subject person of the state summary criminal history  
          information, and contains the requirements or exclusions,  
          or both, expressly based upon that specified criminal  
          conduct.  [Penal Code 11105 (b)(11)]

           This bill
           1.  Provides that before hiring a person for a position as  
          a county child welfare services social worker, the county  
          shall secure from the State Department of Justice a  
          criminal history to determine if the applicant has ever  
          been convicted of assault with a deadly weapon, felony  
          spousal abuse, a registerable sex offense, or child abuse  
          or endangerment. 

          2.  Provides that the criminal history information shall  
          include the applicant's full criminal record, if any, and  
          subsequent arrest information. 

          3.  Provides that the county may require the applicant to  
          pay any fees charged by the State Department of Justice for  
          the processing of the criminal history. 

          4.  Provides that if the county finds through the criminal  
          history that an applicant has been convicted of one of the  
          listed crimes, the applicant shall not be hired. 

          5.  Provides that if the county finds that the applicant is  
          awaiting trial for a crime specified, the county may cease  
          processing the application until the conclusion of the  
          trial. 

          6.  Provides that if the county determines, after hiring an  




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          applicant, that the person has been convicted of a crime,  
          the county shall terminate the employee.  Note: the author  
          is amending the bill to make it prospective, so anyone  
          assigned to child welfare services before the bill takes  
          effect would not be liable for transfer or termination if  
          the conviction took place before the effective date of the  
          bill.

          7.  Provides that for the purposes of this chapter,  
          "conviction" means a plea or verdict of guilty or a  
          conviction following a plea of nolo contendere in any court  
          in this or another state.  A conviction has occurred when  
          the time for appeal has elapsed, when the judgment of  
          conviction has been affirmed on appeal, or when an order  
          granting probation is made suspending the imposition of  
          sentence, notwithstanding a subsequent order to withdraw a  
          plea of guilty or setting aside the verdict of guilty, or  
          dismissing the accusation, information or indictment.

          8.  Provides that an applicant denied a position because of  
          a criminal record shall receive a copy of his or her  
          criminal history report.

          9.  Exempts from these provisions an individual who has a  
          certificate of rehabilitation, which can be secured under  
          certain conditions by persons who have committed a felony. 

          Note: This bill was heard in the Senate Public Safety  
          Committee.  That committee's vote on the bill was  
          contingent on the author's agreeing to offer a set of  
          amendments once the bill reached the Human Services  
          Committee.  The author will be offering those amendments  
          and they are reflected in this analysis.

                                  FISCAL IMPACT  

          Unknown

                                         

                           BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION  

           Need for the bill
           According to the author, the state bears the responsibility  
          of reducing the ability of unscrupulous individuals to  




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          abuse and neglect their charges.  Individuals working in  
          child welfare services have the authority to remove  
          children from their home.  The judgment of social workers,  
          says the author, is vital to the protection of one of the  
          state's most vulnerable populations.  An individual who has  
          been convicted of assault with a deadly weapon, felony  
          domestic violence, a registerable sex offense, and child  
          abuse has shown a serious deficiency in judgment and should  
          not be entrusted important duties of a social worker  
          assigned to child welfare services.

           Mandatory background check
           Under existing law, a county is permitted to background  
          check through the State Department of Justice any employee  
          to assist in employment.  This bill would require the  
          county to get a criminal background check before hiring a  
          person for a position as a county child welfare worker.   
          Child welfare workers are assigned to emergency response,  
          family maintenance, family reunification, permanency  
          placement, and adoption services.  The criminal background  
          check will include the ability to get subsequent arrest  
          information.  The criminal background check is intended to  
          determine if the person has been convicted of assault with  
          a deadly weapon, felony spousal abuse, a registerable sex  
          offense, or child abuse.

           Prohibition from hiring 
           The bill provides that if an applicant has been convicted  
          of one of the specified crimes, then the county may not  
          hire the applicant.  If the applicant is awaiting trial on  
          any of the specified crimes, the county may stop processing  
          the application until the case is decided.

           Required termination  
          This bill provides that the county shall terminate an  
          employee who is determined, after hiring, to have been  
          convicted of one of the listed offenses.  
           
           Local context
           In the spring of 2009, a Sacramento County grand jury  
          issued reports criticizing the management of the county's  
          child welfare services.  Among its findings were that  
          persons with criminal convictions, including domestic  
          violence, were working as social workers within the unit  
          providing child welfare services.  The grand jury made no  




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          connection between any individual's criminal record and his  
          or her performance on the job, but did challenge the  
          department's hiring practices.

           Previous votes
           Senate Public Safety: 7-0

           Arguments in opposition
           The opponent argues that provisions of the bill are  
          unnecessarily punitive; the organization recommends  
          amendments providing an opportunity to appeal the adverse  
          action and removing the provisions that allow counties to  
          charge applicants the costs associated with processing a  
          criminal background check.  The organization is also  
          concerned that certificates of rehabilitation are not  
          available for persons guilty of a misdemeanor.


                              COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS
           
          1.  Hiring versus assignment; termination versus  
          reassignment  
          Child welfare services are one set of county social  
          services.  County departments of social services also have  
          social workers assigned to disability evaluations, in-home  
          supportive services determinations, Cal-WORKS eligibility  
          and welfare to work services, food stamp eligibility, among  
          others.  This bill applies only to assignments in child  
          welfare services.  However, the bill uses phrases "shall  
          not be hired" and "terminate the employee," which appear to  
          preclude assignment to another social services unit.  

          To maintain its focus on child welfare services, the bill  
          should be amended to prohibit the assignment of a person  
          with a criminal record as specific from working in child  
          welfare services, not necessarily from being excluded from  
          or terminated from employment in a county department of  
          social services.

          2.   Limit only to persons in regular contact with children?  
          The County Welfare Directors Association reports that it is  
          working with the author on the definition of affected staff  
          positions, with the goal of focusing on those social  
          workers who have contact with children on a regular basis.   
          Does the committee wish to consider such an amendment?




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          3.  The first of many bills in this arena?  
          As noted above, counties have the authority to check the  
          criminal background of current and potential employees.   
          This bill singles out a particular job assignment within  
          county services, requires a criminal records check for  
          anyone being considered for that assignment, and precludes  
          giving that job to a person who has a conviction of any one  
          of four specific offenses.  If this bill becomes law and if  
          history is any guide, the Legislature will for the  
          foreseeable future be considering legislative proposals to  
          add crimes to this list and to extend a similar mandatory  
          process to other county assignments.  For example, should  
          all social workers conducting evaluations of applicants for  
          in-home supportive services be subject to a criminal  
          records clearance and precluded from that assignment if it  
          is found they have a conviction for elder abuse or for  
          defrauding a public benefits program?  Absent evidence that  
          someone in child welfare services has committed a crime  
          against a client and had a previous criminal conviction in  
          one of the four listed offences, is there sufficient need  
          for a bill that is almost certain to be followed by similar  
          bills that could result in many mandated criminal  
          background checks?  Should the state be managing county  
          employment procedures at this level of detail?


                                    POSITIONS  

          Support:       None received

          Oppose:   National Employment Law Project



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