BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 956
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   June 23, 2010

                     ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
                                Sandre Swanson, Chair
                     SB 956 (Romero) - As Amended:  June 1, 2010

           SENATE VOTE  :   21-13
           
          SUBJECT  :  Workforce development: California School  
          Paraprofessional Teacher Training Program (PTTP).
           
          SUMMARY  :  Requires five-million dollars appropriated from  
          federal Workforce Investment Act (WIA) funds to be made  
          available to local education agencies to retrain teachers who  
          have been laid off or who are teaching out-of-field to become  
          qualified to teach science, math, or industrial and technology  
          education.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Requires the Employment Development Department (EDD) to  
            allocate five-million dollars of the WIA state reserve to  
            local workforce investment boards to allocate to school  
            districts, county offices of education, or charter schools to  
            provide intensive test preparation courses for the purpose of  
            retraining laid off and out-of-field teachers to meet subject  
            matter competency requirements for teaching science,  
            mathematics, or industrial and technology education.

          2)Specifies preferences for examination courses to be based on  
            the following priorities:

             a)   First priority shall be for retraining laid off  
               teachers in order to prepare them for obtaining subject  
               matter credentials in science or mathematics.

             b)   Second priority shall be for retraining teachers who  
               have been displaced and are currently teaching out of  
               their field of expertise or competency area. 

          1)Requires school districts, county offices of education, and  
            charter schools that receive funding from a local workforce  
            investment board to reimburse teachers who successfully pass a  
            subject matter competency assessment in the specified areas  
            for fees paid to take the examinations and any fees charged by  
            the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (Commission).
           








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           EXISTING FEDERAL LAW  establishes the federal Workforce  
          Investment Act (WIA) of 1998, which requires all states to form  
          state workforce investment boards, and for Governors to  
          designate local workforce investment areas and oversee local  
          workforce investment boards.  WIA requires that 85 percent of  
          the federal funds supplied for the WIA go to the local workforce  
          investment boards, with the remaining 15 percent being allocated  
          for state discretionary purposes by the Governor. 






           EXISTING STATE LAW  : 

          1)Requires the EDD to implement and administer California's  
            unemployment compensation program and to oversee various job,  
            information and training programs in the state.
          2)Establishes the California Workforce Investment Board (CWIB),  
            and requires the CWIB to assist the Governor with promoting  
            the development, oversight, and continuous development of a  
            well-educated and highly skilled workforce, and also assist in  
            the development of the State Workforce Investment Plan.

          3)Creates the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (Commission)  
            which, among other things, establishes professional standards,  
            assessments, and examinations for entry and advancement in the  
            education profession, as well structuring and funding the  
            California School Paraprofessional Teacher Training Program  
            (PTTP).
           
           4)Establishes the PTTP for the purpose of recruiting school  
            paraprofessionals to participate in a program designed to  
            encourage them to enroll in teacher training programs and to  
            provide instructional service as teachers in the public  
            schools.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Senate Appropriations  
          Committee analysis the proposed 2010-11 Governor's Budget fully  
          allocates the WIA 15 percent discretionary funds.  Any  
          appropriation of these funds for the purposes of this bill would  
          result in a reduction of funding for one or more programs,  
          assuming the appropriation is made in the budget year.  A  
          similar, though unknown, fiscal impact would occur in whatever  








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          budget year the funds are appropriated.

           COMMENTS  :  This bill proposes to allocate $5 million in WIA  
          discretionary funds to provide for specified teacher training.

           Brief Background on the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) and  
          Workforce Development  

          The federal Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 established  
          an ongoing program to provide funding for, and to give direction  
          and support to, state workforce development activities.  WIA  
          created incentives for the formation of integrated systems of  
          state workforce development boards, appointed by individual  
          state governors, and local workforce investment boards run by  
          local service providers and officials. WIA requires that 85  
          percent of the federal funds supplied for the Act go to the  
          local workforce investment boards, with the remaining 15 percent  
          being allocated by the Governor for state discretionary  
          purposes.

          The statewide workforce investment system is comprised of 49  
          Local Workforce Investment Areas (Local Areas), each with its  
          own business-led Local Workforce Investment Board (Local Board).  
           These Local Boards work in concert with their local Chief  
          Elected Official to oversee the delivery of workforce services  
          relevant to their local residents and businesses.  Critical to  
          their charge is their oversight of the local One-Stop Career  
          Centers which are the hub of the statewide service delivery  
          vehicle for workforce/education/business services.  Workforce  
          funds allocated to Local Boards support the job training,  
          placement, and business services delivered though the One-Stop  
          Career Centers.  These centers, through partnerships with other  
          local, state and federal agencies, education and economic  
          development organizations provide access to jobs, skill  
          development and business services vital to the social and  
          economic well-being of their communities.

          The workforce system is governed by a federal/state/local  
          partnership.  The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), in  
          coordination with other federal agencies, oversees and  
          administers the nationwide system.  The State Workforce and  
          One-Stop Career Center system is overseen by the Governor  
          through the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency  
          (Agency), which operates under the leadership of the Secretary  
          of Labor and Workforce Development. The Secretary represents the  








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          Governor and his administration on the California Workforce  
          Investment Board (CWIB).  The State Employment Development  
          Department (EDD), also under the direction of the Agency  
          Secretary, is designated by the Governor as the administrator of  
          federal job training funds.  The CWIB, which also reports  
          through the Agency, assists in developing statewide policy to  
          impact workforce preparation and supply, and advises the  
          Governor and Secretary on strategies to meet the needs of a  
          diverse population and constantly changing economy.

           The 2010-2011 State Budget and the Governor's 15% Discretionary  
          WIA Funding
           
          The Governor's May Revision for State Fiscal Year 2010-2011  
          provides for $73.3 in WIA discretionary 15 percent funds.

          Of this total, $27.5 million is allocated for WIA administration  
          and program services.

          The remaining $45.8 million is divided over the following three  
          categories:

               1)  Growth Industries - High Wage/High Skill Job  
          Training$4.6 million

               2)  Industries with a Statewide Need/Expansion of  
          Workforce$16.5 million

               3)  Removing Barriers for Special Needs Populations$24.7  
          million

          The first category ("Growth Industries") includes funding for,  
          among other things, green technology/green collar jobs,  
          incentive grants, regional economic stimulus, and Employment  
          Training Panel (ETP) projects.  The second category ("Industries  
          with a Statewide Need") includes funding for the Nurse Education  
          Initiative, the Nursing Skills Initiative, the Allied Health  
          Initiative and related projects.  The third category ("Removing  
          Barriers for Special Needs Populations") includes, among other  
          things, funding for CDCR and EDD parolee services, veterans  
          services, and youth, young adults, low-wage earners, and special  
          needs populations (including at risk youth/youthful offender  
          gang prevention) programs.

          During this year's budget process, the Senate approved the  








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          Governor's WIA budget adjustments, but withheld approval on the  
          specific allocations in the Governor's expenditure plan for the  
          15 percent discretionary funds to place the item into  
          conference.  Therefore, the allocation of the Governor's 15  
          percent discretionary funds is currently an item pending before  
          the Budget Conference Committee.  







           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :

          According to the author's office, the chronic shortage of math  
          and science teachers is correlated with lower scores on the  
          California Standards Tests and difficulty passing the California  
          High School Exit Examination.  The shortage of fully  
          credentialed teachers not only prevents many pupils from  
          achieving proficiency in these critical content areas, but  
          impedes the ability of students to acquire skills that prepare  
          them for college and careers after high school.

          According to supporters of this bill, high quality mathematics  
          and science education for all pupils is essential to help them  
          develop the skills, knowledge, and abilities needed for college  
          and careers after they leave high school since California is  
          experiencing mathematics achievement gap compared to most other  
          states.  Increasingly, key sectors of California's economy,  
          including health care, energy, and infrastructure require  
          workers who have science, technology, engineering, and math  
          skills, however, many of the state's high schools have a  
          shortage of teachers who are qualified to teach these subjects.   


          The Los Angeles County Office of Education, writing in support  
          of this bill, states:

               "Despite the key role that teachers play in educating  
               California's students, the state continues to face a  
               shortage of qualified mathematics and science teachers.   
               More than 88,000 California students are enrolled in middle  
               school algebra classes in which the teacher may not be  
               adequately prepared to teach the subject.








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               California is experiencing an achievement gap in which our  
               students, on average, perform below students from most  
               other states on standardized tests.  Out of 50 states,  
               California ranks 44th among fourth graders, and 46th among  
               eighth graders, on the 2009 Mathematics Section of the  
               National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP)  
               examination?

               ?We believe that passage of [this bill] would be a wise  
               investment that will result in a significant increase of  
               qualified teachers of science, mathematics, industrial, and  
               technology education.  This investment will ultimately  
               result in a better-trained workforce and a more robust  
               outlook for California's economic future."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :

          This measure is opposed by the California Teachers Association  
          (CTA), who states the following in opposition to this bill:

               "When the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 defined the  
               benchmarks of teacher preparation, licensing, and hiring,  
               California was purposeful in defining multiple pathways for  
               the state's workforce to meet the federal mandates.   
               Teachers with single subject certification are required to  
               demonstrate "subject matter competency"  in each subject  
               they teach  (1) by completion of an approved undergraduate  
               subject matter program or (2) by passing all portions of  
               the appropriate Commission-approved subject matter  
               examination or (3) by examination.  

               Currently, the only Commission-approved subject-matter  
               examinations used to verify subject matter competence is  
               the California Subject Examination for Teachers (CSET).   
               CTA has never been silent in its concerns that test only  
               certification in math and science means that people who are  
               smart enough to pass a certification test are granted by  
               assumption the capacity and skill set to teach math and  
               science well.  High quality teaching results from  
               purposeful growth in content competence and pedagogy? 
          
               ?California's students are entitled to teachers who know  
               their subjects, understand their students and what they  
               need, and have developed the skills to make learning  








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               rigorous and relevant.  CTA believes meaningful  
               professional development is essential to help educators  
               more ably address the learning needs of every student.   
               Professional development refines and expands pedagogical  
               repertoire, content, knowledge and the skill to integrate  
               both.  [This bill] falls short in ensuring that goal.  The  
               price being paid by students who need quality teaching is  
               unacceptable

               [This bill] compromises quality teaching in an effort to  
               recruit a sufficient quantity of teachers to fill math and  
               science classrooms.  California has had a chronic shortage  
               of qualified teachers in certain subjects including  
               mathematics and science.  The shortage is particularly  
               severe in low-income communities and rural areas.   
               According to the Center for the Future of Teaching and  
               Learning, inexperienced and underprepared teachers are too  
               often concentrated in schools that are structured for  
               failure rather than success.  

               CTA believes that teacher shortages should never justify  
               placing underprepared teachers in math and science  
               classrooms.  The real staffing problem is not that there  
               are too few teachers.   The real problem is that schools  
               are unable to retain a sufficient number of teachers with  
               both the proper certification and training.  For four  
               consecutive years, California schools were forced to  
               decimate their own workforce in response to the state's  
               serious fiscal dilemma. 

               Quality preparation and professional development as well as  
               strong licensure and certification standards are not  
               barriers to providing California schools with a sufficient  
               quantity of highly effective educators.  There is no basis  
               for sacrificing these standards of quality - even  
               temporarily.  In fact, taking a shortcut around  
               quality-assurance measures only assures a failure of the  
               state's goal to equip schools with a viable education  
               workforce?

               ?The role of the Workforce Investment Board (WIB) is to  
               assist the Governor in designing a statewide plan and  
               establishing appropriate policy for workforce development  
               programs.  Projects will focus training and job placement  
               entrants in industries that are experiencing a shortage of  








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               skilled workers.  The governor's discretionary fund  
               provides targeted assistance to WIB projects across the  
               state for incentives, training, and other ideas for  
               developing and building the state's declining workforce.
                           How many student programs for summer job  
                    training or high school dropout prevention programs  
                    will not be funded because of this diversion of funds?
                           How many WIBs will be squeezed out of the  
                    competitive grants for a smaller pool of funds because  
                    of this diversion of funds?
                           How many adult education programs will miss  
                    the opportunity to fund innovative business  
                    partnerships for certification training because of  
                    this diversion of funds?    
               [This bill] mistakes the symptoms of teacher supply with  
               the problems of quality teaching.  The bill lowers the  
               standards for creating a well-trained cadre of math and  
               science teachers, undercuts the role of teacher preparation  
               and professional development, and makes teacher licensure a  
               bureaucratic barrier to be side-stepped instead of a mark  
               of quality.  Most importantly, this stop-gap hiring scheme  
               resurrects the mythology that 'anyone can teach' math and  
               science."  
           
           COMMITTEE STAFF COMMENT :

          This bill is double referred to Assembly Education Committee.

           PRIOR LEGISLATION  :

          SB 193 (Scott) Chapter 554, Statutes of 2007, created  
          participation requirements for PTTP trainees, as well as  
          reporting requirements for the Commission.

          SB 858 (Scott) of 2007 would have established a grant program  
          for the purpose of encouraging experienced teachers to become  
          qualified to teach math or science.  This bill was held by the  
          Senate Appropriations Committee.  

          SB 1690 (Roberti) Chapter 1444, Statutes of 1990, established  
          the pilot program for the California School Paraprofessional  
          Teacher Training Program (PTTP).

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION :









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           Support 
           
          California Council on Teacher Education
          Los Angeles County Office of Education
          San Francisco Unified School District
           
            Opposition 
           
          California Teachers Association


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Ben Ebbink / L. & E. / (916) 319-2091