BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                                       Bill No:  SB  
          967
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis

          SB 967  Author:  Correa
          As Introduced:  February 5, 2010
          Hearing Date:  April 13, 2010
          Consultant:  Art Terzakis


                                     SUBJECT  
                       Public Contracts: bid preferences

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          SB 967 requires that a 5% bid preference be provided on  
          state contracts for goods and services, including bids or  
          proposals for the distribution of funds pursuant to the  
          federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of  
          2009, to contractors who substantiate that 90% of their  
          employees performing work on the contract are residents of  
          California.  Specifically, this measure:

          1.  Provides that, on or before January 1, 2011, any state  
            agency that accepts bids or proposals for a contract for  
            goods or services, or for the distribution of funds  
            pursuant to the federal Stimulus Act (ARRA), shall  
            provide a credit of 5% of the bid price or quotation to a  
            business that directly provides the goods or services and  
            certifies that at least 90% of the business' employees  
            that would work on the contract are California residents.

          2.  Stipulates that in order to be eligible for the 5%  
            credit, a business must submit all required  
            substantiating documentation and information needed by  
            the state agency to determine if the business is eligible  
            for the credit.

          3.  Requires, on or before January 1, 2011, and using  
            existing resources, that the Department of General  
            Services (DGS) establish a process to verify that a  
            business meets the criteria for the 5% credit. 




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 2
          




          4.  Makes various legislative findings and declares that  
            the purpose of this Act is to revive local communities by  
            creating new jobs and stimulating the economy.



                                   EXISTING LAW


           Existing law governs the solicitation, review and award of  
          state contracts and establishes various programs and  
          preferences in public contract law designed to serve a  
          broad public purpose, such as preference for small  
          businesses, disabled veteran business enterprises (DVBEs)  
          and recycled products.  Existing law designates the  
          Department of General Services (DGS) to administer the  
          Small Business Procurement and Contract Act, including, but  
          not limited to, small business, microbusinesses and DVBE  
          certification processes.

          The Small Business Procurement and Contract Act requires  
          the Director of DGS and the heads of other state agencies  
          that enter into contracts for the provision of goods,  
          services,
          and information technology and for the construction of  
          state facilities to establish goals for the participation  
          of small businesses in these contracts, to provide for  
          small business preference in the award of these contracts,  
          to give special consideration and special assistance to  
          small businesses, and, whenever possible, to make awards to  
          small businesses, as specified.
                                         
                                   BACKGROUND
           
           The Small Business Act  :  The Small Business Act,  
          administered through DGS, was implemented more than 30  
          years ago to establish a small business preference within  
          the state's procurement process that would increase the  
          number of contracts between the state and small businesses.  
           In 1989, a DVBE component was added to state procurement  
          practices (SB 1517 - Dills, Chapter 1207 of 1989).   
          Certification of small businesses, including  
          microbusinesses, and DVBEs is generally undertaken by DGS.
           




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 3
          


          The Small Business Act declares that it is the policy of  
          the State of California that the state aid the interests of  
          small businesses in order to preserve free competitive  
          enterprise and to ensure that a fair portion of the total  
          purchases and contracts of the state be placed with these  
          enterprises.

          Since 2001, there have been four Executive Orders (EO)  
          specifying goals for small business and DVBE participation  
          in state procurement contracts, including EO D-37-01  
          (2001), EO S-02-06 (2006), EO D-43-01(2001), and EO S-11-06  
          (2006).  The first two EOs set 25% small business  
          participation goals, and the third set a 3% DVBE  
          participation goal for all state procurement contracts.   
          The fourth EO set a 25% participation goal for state  
          construction contracts, particularly those awarded by the  
          California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) when  
          implementing Proposition 1B.

          Notwithstanding the longstanding existence of the Act and  
          these EOs, the state's success in obtaining small business  
          and DVBE participation goals in state procurement contracts  
          has been inconsistent.

          Bidding Preferences:   Under current law, there are certain  
          circumstances where contractors bidding on a state contract  
          can have the overall cost of their bid discounted by 5% in  
          order to make them more competitive as a low bidder.   
          Preferences can currently be given for small business in  
          general, disabled veteran-owned business enterprises, for  
          small businesses in economically target areas, and for  
          businesses, regardless of size, located in economically  
          distressed areas. The maximum amount provided for each       
                  qualifying bidding preference is $50,000 with a  
          total bid maximum of $100,000. This means that contractors  
          with bids of up to $100,000 higher than the lowest bid can  
          be awarded the contract if they qualify for two bidding  
          preferences.

          Currently, the State may give a 5% bid preference to  
          certified small businesses and may offer up to a 5%  
          incentive to DVBEs in the formal bid process.  All state  
          agencies and departments may use a streamlined procurement  
          process known as the Small Business/DVBE Option by  
          contracting directly with a California-certified Small  
          Business or DVBE for goods, services, and information  




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 4
          


          technology goods and services valued from $5,000.01 to  
          $249,999.99 (or valued up to $250,000 for public works  
          contracts) after obtaining price quotes from at least two  
          Small Businesses or two DVBEs.
           
          Purpose of SB 967:   According to the author's office, the  
          purpose of this bill is to ensure that good paying jobs  
          stay in California and that tax dollars are recycled so as  
          to fuel and strengthen California's economy. The author's  
          office notes that many state governments do not know how  
          many of their contracts are performed out of state, or  
          offshore. 

           Arguments in Support:   Writing in support of this measure,  
          the California Labor Federation (CLF), the sponsor of this  
          measure, notes that working people in California are facing  
          the bleakest economy since the Great Depression with well  
          over 1 million jobs having been lost since 2007.  Over the  
          past decade California has lost 25% of all manufacturing  
          jobs, once the backbone of the State's middle class.  In  
          fact, the unemployment rate is at a 30-year high, with six  
          job seekers for every one job available.

          The CLF states that SB 967 will create a 5% bid preference  
          in state contracts for goods and services for companies  
          that agree to hire California workers.  The CLF argues that  
          this measure does not discriminate against out-of-state  
          companies - it simply rewards companies that are willing to  
          make an investment in California's workforce.

          The CLF also points out that the State spends $35 billion  
          on state contracts and consultants every year - the CLF  
          emphasizes that money should be spent responsibly on  
          companies that will create jobs in California.  The CLF  
          claims that fourteen other states have some form of bid  
          preferences in state contracts for resident companies,  
          companies that use local goods, or companies that hire  
          local workers.

          Furthermore, the CLF maintains that investing in California  
          jobs does a great deal more than just reduce unemployment.   
          Specifically, "for every good job created, there's a  
          multiplier effect, as another family is able to put money  
          back into the economy again."  In addition, "there is a  
          general fund savings as fewer working families are forced  
          to rely on the safety net."   




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 5
          



          Arguments in Opposition:   Opponents share the author's  
          desire to spur job creation and drive job retention in  
          California but are of the opinion that this measure will  
          not create the desired outcome.

          Writing in opposition, the California Chamber of Commerce  
          (Chamber) argues that this measure potentially harms  
          existing trade relationships and may result in job loss for  
          Californians with trade related jobs.  The Chamber claims  
          that one quarter of California's economy is dependent on  
          international trade and points out that California is a  
          signatory to several international trade agreements  
          allowing foreign companies equal access to bidding on state  
          contracts.  The Chamber alleges that another potential  
          result of this "protectionism" legislation is retaliation  
          from other states which would make it difficult for  
          businesses to offer their goods and services in states  
          other than California.

          Also writing in opposition, TechAmerica and the California  
          Manufacturers & Technology Association, agree that it is a  
          good idea to advance policies and initiatives aimed at  
          stimulating California job growth however, as currently  
          drafted these trade associations believe this measure would  
          fail to ensure such growth and instead will very likely (1)  
          increase the direct cost of information technology (IT)  
          products and services to the State and its taxpayers; (2)  
          decrease the likelihood of robust competition from multiple  
          competitive bids; (3) decrease the array of IT technology  
          options available to the State; all without an economic  
          benefit that will justify the increased cost and reduced  
          choices.


          Additionally, these trade associations claim that there is  
          no easy way for the State to verify that 90% of a company's  
          employees working on the contract directly are California  
          residents.   Vendors will have to begin tracking and  
          assigning work not based on who is best for the job, but  
          rather who lives where.   


          Furthermore, these trade associations contend that key  
          terms in the bill will be subject to varied interpretation,  
          e.g., "employee" (part or full time, independent  




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 6
          


          contractor?); "performing work on the contract" (does that  
          mean any work or substantial work - what about one time  
          work or an hour of work?).  These associations believe that  
          introducing difficult-to-specify terms could result in more  
          post-award legal challenges by losing bidders, thus  
          creating more delay and increasing total costs to the State  
          for the procurement.


           TechAmerica has agreed to remove its opposition provided  
          the author of SB 967 amends the measure to exempt  
          procurements for IT products or services.

           
                           PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION
           
           SB 1249 (Ducheny) 2009-10 Session.   Would authorize DGS to  
          use an additional criterion in the contract bidding and  
          procurement process that takes into consideration the  
          relative economic benefit to California in considering bids  
          for goods and/or services.  (Pending in this Committee)
           
          SB 1108 (Price) 2009-10 Session.   Would authorize DGS to  
          direct all state agencies, departments, boards and  
          commissions to establish and achieve a goal of 25% small  
          business participation in state procurements and contracts.  
           (Pending in this Committee)  
           
          AB 177 (Ruskin) 2009-10 Session.   Would increase and  
          conform penalties for persons who falsely engage in  
          activities relating to the Small Business Procurement and  
          Contract Act, including small businesses, microbusinesses,  
          and disabled veteran-owned business enterprises.  (Pending  
          in this Committee)
           
          AB 31 (Price) Chapter 21, Statutes of 2009.   Made several  
          key changes to state procurement procedures including  
          increasing the maximum contract threshold amount for awards  
          to a small business and disabled veteran business  
          enterprise, under a specific streamlined procurement  
          process, from $100,000 to $250,000.
           
          AB 761 (Coto) Chapter 611, Statutes of 2007.   Requires each  
          state agency awarding contracts financed with proceeds from  
          the infrastructure bonds approved by the voters in November  
          2006, to establish a 25% small business participation goal  




          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 7
          


          for state infrastructure construction contracts and to  
          provide specified assistance to small businesses bidding on  
          state infrastructure bond-related contracts.
           
          AB 608 (De La Torre) 2007-08 Session.  Would have increased  
          the procurement contract bid preference from 5% to 10% for  
          small businesses and microbusinesses, or non-small  
          businesses that utilize small businesses and  
          microbusinesses as subcontractors, when the contract award  
          is made on the basis of either determining the lowest  
          responsible bidder, or when the contract is made on the  
          basis of determining the highest scored bidder, based on  
          evaluation factors other than bid price.  (Vetoed by the  
          Governor)
           
          AB 348 (Arambula) Chapter 185, Statutes of 2005.    
          Authorized a small business to self certify, under penalty  
          of perjury, that the business is an eligible small business  
          to sell goods and provide services to state and local  
          governments.
           
          AB 1654 (De La Torre) 2005-06 Session.   Similar to SB 967  
          (Correa) of 2010.  (Died in Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee)
          
           SUPPORT:   As of April 9, 2010:

          California Labor Federation (sponsor)
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
          Employees (AFSCME)
          California Conference Board of the Amalgamated Transit  
          Union 
          California Conference of Machinists
          California Peace Officers' Association
          California Police Chiefs Association
          California State Employees Association
          California Teamsters Public Affairs Council
          Engineers and Scientists of California, IFPTE Local 20
          International Longshore and Warehouse Union
          Jockeys' Guild
          Professional and Technical Engineers, IFPTE Local 21
          United Food and Commercial Workers Region 8 States Council
          UNITE-HERE

           OPPOSE:   As of April 9, 2010:





          SB 967 (Correa) continued                                
          Page 8
          


          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Manufacturers & Technology Association
          TechAmerica

           FISCAL COMMITTEE:   Senate Appropriations Committee

                                   **********