BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






               SENATE COMMITTEE ON ELECTIONS, REAPPORTIONMENT AND  
                           CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
                          Senator Loni Hancock, Chair


          BILL NO:  SB 970             HEARING DATE: 4/6/10
          AUTHOR:   CORBETT            ANALYSIS BY:  Frances Tibon  
          Estoista
          AMENDED:  3/11/10
          FISCAL:   YES
          
                                     SUBJECT
           
          Preelection day voting

                                   DESCRIPTION  
          
           Existing law  generally requires voters who wish to vote and  
          who do not cast their ballots by mail to cast their ballot  
          at the precinct polling place on Election Day.
           
           This bill creates the Preelection Day Voting Polling Places  
          Pilot Program.

           This bill  requires the Secretary of State (SOS), in  
          conjunction with the county elections officials, to  
          establish preelection day voting polling places on four  
          college campuses in the state, for at least one  general   
           election  from January 1, 2011, but prior to December 31,  
          2016, subject to the following conditions: 

             Two of the college campuses shall be within the  
             University of California. Both of the campuses selected  
             must have at least 20,000 registered students at the  
             time of selection.

             Two of the college campuses shall be within the  
             California State University. Both of the campuses  
             selected must have at least 13,000 registered students  
             at the time of selection.
           
          This bill  requires each college campus selected to be a  
          preelection day voting polling place to serve as the  
          polling place for any voter that resides within the  
          county's jurisdiction.










           This bill  requires a preelection day voting polling place  
          to be open from 7 a.m. until 8 p.m. during the five  
          business days  prior  to the date of the election and from 7  
          a.m. until 8 p.m. on the date of the election for voters to  
          cast their ballots.

           This bill  provides that a preelection day voting polling  
          place may not be established for any election other than a  
          general election as it applies to the pilot program.

           This bill  requires each county elections official who has a  
          preelection day voting polling place within his or her  
          jurisdiction during an election to report to the  
          Legislature and the SOS regarding the election within six  
          months after the date of the election.  This pilot project  
          report shall include, at a minimum, statistics regarding  
          the cost of a preelection day voting polling place, the  
          turnout of voters at the preelection day voting polling  
          place, and any problems with preelection day polling place  
          voting that has been made known to the elections official.

          The SOS, after receiving the reports from the county  
          elections officials, but not later than eight months after  
          the date of the election, shall report to the Legislature  
          regarding the ability to expand the preelection day voting  
          polling places program to other college campuses within the  
          state.

          The pilot project created by this bill will remain in  
          effect only until December 31, 2016, and as of that date is  
          repealed.

                                    BACKGROUND  
          
          Currently, elections officials are required to designate  
          polling places in each precinct within their jurisdiction  
          and each polling place can serve a maximum of 1,000 voters.  
           Existing law also allows elections officials wide  
          discretion when establishing polling places as well as the  
          ability to establish satellite voting locations - this  
          includes schools and other public buildings.

          Feedback obtained from several counties with experience in  
          running polling places on colleges campuses indicated that  
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          while there is a convenience factor associated with running  
          a polling place on campus, such as getting students to work  
          at the poll site, ADA compliance, and convenience for  
          students with busy schedules and limited means of  
          transportation, there would also come with it high rates of  
          provisional voting, as many students would likely be  
          registered in their "home" county.  There would be low  
          turnout from the student population during non-Presidential  
          election years; the facility may not always be the best  
          room for voting - sometimes sharing a room with another  
          event, or often the area or room with the highest foot  
          traffic isn't available.  It was also noted that if voting  
          is taking place outside the normal building hours, or if  
          access outside 9am-5pm M-F is necessary, there's potential  
          of getting locked out.  Storage of precinct supplies would  
          be problematic; there would be need for crowd control as  
          well as the usual parking issues for non-student voters.  

                                     COMMENTS  

            1. According to the author  , SB 970 expands accessibility  
             for the electorate.  Students who often may register for  
             the first time with their college campus address or who  
             may have re-registered as a part of a voter registration  
             drive will now have access to a polling place over  
             multiple days.  Moreover, while the program places these  
             early voting centers on campus, these voting centers  
             will be available to the public at large.  In dense  
             urban and suburban areas - which many UCs and CSUs are  
             located - this may serve not just a college community,  
             but the broader community as well.
           The author also cites cost findings from a report (noted  
             in comment 2 below), that early voting centers showed to  
             be an affordable option, as the costs in the voting  
             centers demonstrated a 24% savings on a cost per vote  
             basis.

            2. Improving Election Administration with Vote Centers:   
             Toward a National Model  .  A 2009 Pew Charitable  
             Foundation Report looked at a study launched in 2007 on  
             three Indiana counties comparing vote centers  
             (preelection voting day polling places), to traditional  
             precinct polling places.  While it found there were cost  
             savings associated with operating these vote centers in  
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             high foot traffic areas, "...overall, the existence of  
             vote centers, in and of themselves, do not increase  
             voter turnout.  Other factors such as highly competitive  
             electoral contests and well financed and organized GOTV  
             operations have much more to do with attracting more  
             people to the polls."

            3. 2008 Survey of the Performance of American Elections  .   
             This joint study conducted by the California Institute  
             of Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts  
             Institute of Technology reported that ..."Lines were  
             shorter at polling places than they were at early voting  
             sites.  Sixty-percent of those who voted early reported  
             waiting 10 minutes or less, compared with 73% who voted  
             at polling places on Election Day.  At the other end of  
             the scale, 8% of those who voted at early polling  
             stations reported that they waited in line at least an  
             hour, compared with 4% of those who voted at precincts  
             on Election Day."

            4. The California Association of Clerks and Election  
             Officials (CACEO)  has submitted a letter of concern  
             including:

                 Mis-impression that an out-of-county registered  
               student may vote on campus, or return their  
               out-of-county vote-by-mail ballots at the vote center,  
               effectively disenfranchising them.
                 Ballot variations vary into the hundreds, and  
               because touch screen voting  is not allowed by  
               counties at the polls, voluminous amounts of paper  
               ballots would be required to be housed at these vote  
               center sites.
                 Ballots are required to be counted with like  
               ballots by voting precinct; vote center ballots would  
               have to be segregated by precinct as many counties do  
               not print precinct numbers on ballots.
                 Secure maintenance of voting materials (voted and  
               unvoted ballots, rosters, lists of voters etc.) over a  
               five day period poses numerous issues, at best it  
               would be costly, at worst could jeopardize the outcome  
               of the election.
                 Tracking voters from out of the immediate precinct  
               would require automated equipment that counties do not  
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               have.  There would be no way to update indices at the  
               polls on election day to ensure that voters who cast  
               ballots during the pre-election period did not return  
               to their regular polling place on election day to  
               vote.
                 Parking would continue to be a big issue.  College  
               campuses are notorious for having the worst parking  
               situations.  There is a charge for parking, or as is  
               often the case, no parking available.

          5.  Related legislation  .  AB 3024 (Wolk) of 2006 would have  
             authorized Solano County to conduct a pilot project  
             whereby the county elections official would establish  
             vote centers in lieu of polling places in each precinct.  
              The Governor vetoed AB 3024 stating:  While the vote  
             center system may offer some advantages over the current  
             precinct-based voting system, the proposed pilot project  
             would reduce the number of voting locations by 80  
             percent, and thereby significantly increase the distance  
             that voters would have to travel in order to vote.  This  
             burden would fall disproportionately on those who are  
             less mobile, frequently the poor, disabled, and elderly.

          6. While there is little to no data available examining  
             preelection day voting polling places (vote centers) on  
             college campuses, it would seem a logical first step to  
             getting and keeping younger voters engaged in the voting  
             process would be to first educate them.  Knowing how to  
             register, obtaining relevant deadline information, as  
             well as how to cast a ballot could be a helpful first  
             step in keeping this particular demographic involved in  
             this lifelong civic process.

                                    POSITIONS  
          
          Sponsor: Author

           Support: California Teachers Association 
                    California Young Democrats
                    New America Foundation
                    UAW Local 2865

           Oppose:  None received
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