BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1066
                                                                  Page  1

          Date of Hearing:   August 4, 2010

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

                   SB 1066 (Oropeza) - As Amended:  June 23, 2010 

          Policy Committee:                             Public  
          SafetyVote:7-0

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program:  
          No     Reimbursable:               

           SUMMARY  

          This bill requires that the Department of Corrections and  
          Rehabilitation (CDCR) to conduct random contraband searches of  
          all employees and vendors entering state prisons at least once  
          per month for each shift per prison. In addition, this bill:   

          1)Requires the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) to oversee  
            at least one CDCR search per year at each prison to ensure the  
            integrity of the process and the accuracy of the reports  
            submitted pursuant to the terms of this bill, and requires  
            CDCR to provide the OIG with at least five working days notice  
            prior to the date of the random searches.   

          2)Requires CDCR, in consultation with the OIG, to provide a  
            written quarterly report to the Legislature detailing dates of  
            searches, shifts, number of employees and vendors searched,  
            and contraband discovered. The report shall also contain a  
            general comment section for the OIG and CDCR to discuss issues  
            relevant to the searches and detailing actions taken as a  
            result of the discovery of contraband. 

            FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)Significant annual GF costs, likely in excess of $250,000, to  
            staff the proposed searches. This assumes at least four  
            additional staff per search, for one hour at one gate, at 33  
            prisons, 12 times per year.  

          2)Annual OIG GF costs would likely be in the range of $50,000  
            per year, assuming eight hours at 33 locations with follow-up  
            reporting.








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          3)Annual CDCR reporting costs for detailed quarterly written  
            reports would be about $50,000. 

          4)In addition, there would be unknown, but potentially  
            significant annual GF costs for overtime to the extent random  
            searches backup staff entry into the prison and require staff  
            to stay on post longer than scheduled. For example, if 400  
            staff per prison were delayed by an average of 10 minutes, 12  
            times per year, at 33 prisons, the resulting overtime could  
            cost the state close to $1 million per year. 

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale  . The author's intent is to reduce the proliferation  
            of smuggled cell phones in state prisons. Thousands of phones  
            are being smuggled into state prisons where they sell for as  
            much as $1,000. According to prison officials and law  
            enforcement, inmates can use cell phones to plan escapes,  
            organize riots, or simply communicate with other inmates.  
            Smuggled cell phones empower gangs and help organize criminal  
            networks, many of which are deeply rooted in the prison  
            system.  


           2)Office of the Inspector General (OIG) Report  . In May 2009, the  
            OIG published a report, "Inmate Cell Phone Use Endangers  
            Prison Security and Public Safety." According to the report,  
            "During 2006, correctional officers seized approximately 261  
            cell phones in the state's prisons and camps. However, by  
            2008, that number increased ten-fold to 2,811 with no end in  
            sight. Inmates' access to cell phone technology facilitates  
            their ability to communicate amongst themselves and their  
            associates outside of prison to plan prison assaults, plot  
            prison escapes, and orchestrate a myriad of other illegal  
            activity. 


            "In addition, these devices can provide an inmate unrestricted  
            and unmonitored access to the Internet, whereby they can  
            communicate with unsuspecting victims, including minors.  
            According to the Department, inmates are paying those involved  
            in smuggling cell phones into California prisons between $500  
            and $1,000 per phone. There are currently no criminal  
            consequences for the introduction or possession of cell phones  








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            in prison, making this activity merely an administrative  
            violation." 


            (Year-to-date contraband cell phone discoveries for 2010:   
            4,939.)


            To eradicate cell phone usage, the OIG recommendations include  
            the following: 


             a)   Continue efforts to seek statutory changes to make the  
               possession of cell phones in correctional facilities a  
               criminal offense.


             b)   Collaborate with state and federal agencies to lobby the  
               Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for an exemption in  
               using cell phone jamming devices.


             c)   Request resources to conduct airport-style screening  
               including metal and canine detection, and manual searches  
               of persons entering California prison facilities


             d)   Restrict the size of carrying cases brought into secure  
               areas.  


             e)   Require vendor packages be shipped directly to prisons  
               and correctional camps. 

           
          3)Under current law, possession of a cell phone inside a prison  
            is not a crime.  For inmates, it is a violation of regulations,  
            which carries a potential 30-day loss of sentence credits. For  
            staff, possession of cell phones results in discipline that  
            may range from reprimand, to demotion, to suspension, to  
            termination.   

           4)Operation Disconnect.  According to the author's office, this  
            bill is designed to essentially standardize and codify the  
            random searches conducted by CDCR's office of internal  








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            affairs, known as Operation Disconnect. According to CDCR  
            documents, beginning in November 2009, each institution is  
            charged with conducting "at least one random search monthly."  
            A sample of the search results for the last quarter (April  
            through June 2010) show 109 searches, resulting in the  
            following contraband: 95 cell phones; 67 flash drives; 161  
            DVDs, CDs or iPods; 78 lighters or matches; 485 miscellaneous  
            objects. 
            These 109 searches also resulted in 249 disciplinary letters  
            of instruction pending review by the warden, and 72  
            disciplinary referrals to internal affairs.   
           
          5)Opposition.  The CA Correctional Peace Officers Association  
            (CCPOA) acknowledge the problem of contraband cell phones, but  
            contend this bill is incomplete because it does not cover  
            visitors (though SB 525 (Padilla), pending on the Assembly  
            floor, makes phones carried by visitors - who currently are  
            subjected to metal detectors when they enter prisons - subject  
            to confiscation, and criminalizes possession of a cell phone  
            for purposes of distribution) and because it does not address  
            the need for staff to have better access to phones to  
            communicate with their families while inside the prison.  

            CCPOA also references the potential costs of random searches

            CDCR, which has no official position, has cited several  
            definitional and process issues, including those referenced  
            below. 
           
          6)Concerns.  This bill should be amended to clarify the search  
            parameters. For example, is the intent of the bill to search  
            staff and vendors as they enter the security perimeter, rather  
            than prison grounds? Is the intent to search at each sallyport  
            entrance? Is the intent to search each staff shift, or the  
            major custody shifts? 

            The reporting requirements could also be narrowed and  
            clarified. It is not clear that quarterly reports are  
            necessary, nor are written reports, as the CDCR web site may  
            be a more effective venue. Also, requiring "a general comment  
            section?to discuss the issues they find relevant to the  
            searches," including "a section detailing the actions taken as  
            a result of the discovery of contraband"  would likely  
            significantly delay the proposed quarterly reports, as  
            disciplinary proceedings can be drawn out affairs. 








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            Given the state's fiscal situation, the committee may wish to  
            consider narrowing the bill to reflect a more incremental and  
            phased-in codification of CDCR's Operation Disconnect. 

           7)Related Legislation.

              a)   SB 434 (Benoit, 2009), in addition to authorizing  
               confiscation of an unauthorized cell phone or wireless  
               device, would have made it a misdemeanor, punishable by a  
               fine of up to $5,000 and/or or by a loss of up to two  
               months in sentence credits, for an inmate or ward to  
               possess a cell phone or other wireless communication device  
               or component, or for any person to possess with intent to  
               deliver the device to an inmate or ward. SB 434 was held on  
               the Suspense File of this committee due to the  
               multi-million dollar cost of increased state prison time. 

             b)   SB 525 (Padilla) creates a misdemeanor for possession of  
               a cell phone or wireless communication device with the  
               intent to deliver that device to an inmate or ward. SB 525  
               passed this committee on consent and is pending on the  
               Assembly floor.  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Geoff Long / APPR. / (916) 319-2081