BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                               SB 1157
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                        Senator S. Joseph Simitian, Chairman
                              2009-2010 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 1157
           AUTHOR:     DeSaulnier
           AMENDED:    April 19, 2010
           FISCAL:     Yes                                  HEARING  
           DATE:April 22, 2010
           URGENCY:    No                                  CONSULTANT:     
               Rachel Machi                                Wagoner
            
           SUBJECT  :    EDUCATION: HEALTHY SCHOOLS ACT OF 2010

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law, under the Healthy Schools Act of 2000  :  
            
           1)Requires schools to annually provide a written notice to  
             staff and parents with the name of all pesticide products  
             expected to be applied at the school during the upcoming  
             year.

           2)Requires schools to post a warning sign at each area of the  
             school site where pesticides will be applied.

           3)Requires schools to keep records for four years of all  
             pesticides used at the school site.

           4)Prohibits the use of a pesticide that has been granted  
             conditional registration, an interim registration or an  
             experimental use permit.

           5)Exempts agriculture vocational programs if the activity is  
             necessary to meet curriculum requirements.

           6)Requires the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to  
             promote and facilitate the voluntary adoption of integrated  
             pest management programs for schools and child daycare  
             facilities.

           7)Requires DPR to maintain a website with specific  
             information, and requires DPR to ensure that adequate  









                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 2

             resources are available to respond to inquiries from schools  
             regarding the use of integrated pest management practices.

           8)Requires DPR to establish an integrated pest management  
             training program to facilitate the adoption of a model  
             integrated pest management program and least-hazardous pest  
             control practices by schools.

           9)Requires DPR to prepare a school pesticide use form to be  
             used by licensed and certified pest control operators when  
             they apply any pesticides at a school.

           This bill  :

           1)Prohibits all public schools from using the most highly  
             toxic pesticides, as listed, on school property.

           2)Provides that its provisions would not apply to  
             antimicrobial pesticides; products deployed in the form of a  
             self-contained bait or trap; or as a crack and crevice  
             treatment; agricultural uses; or activities undertaken by  
             participants in agricultural vocational education, as  
             specified.

           3)Authorizes the school principal to use the most highly toxic  
             pesticides, as defined under certain circumstances, and for  
             a specified period of time.

           4)Requires DPR, beginning January 1, 2011, and annually  
             thereafter, to set an adequate fee on manufacturers or  
             importers of the most highly toxic pesticides, as defined.   
             The fee shall be set in an amount that is sufficient and  
             limited to reimbursement to the department for the cost of  
             administering, and school districts for the costs of  
             implementing this act.

            COMMENTS  :

            1)Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, "current law only  
             requires a right-to-know posting and notification of  
             pesticides that will be applied to public schools.  While  
             current law requires the Department of Pesticide Regulation  
             to support schools in an Integrated Pest management (IPM)  









                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 3

             program, the program is voluntary and although over 70% have  
             taken IPM training, less than 40% are actually implementing  
             even half the steps recommended to help facilitate IPM and  
             only 11% of school districts have adopted six or more of the  
             seven voluntary IPM policies and practices."  

            2)DPR 2007 Survey  .  There currently are no set standards for  
             measuring success of IPM programs due to the diverse nature  
             of pest management systems.  To define and measure IPM  
             progress in California schools, DPR developed a series of  
             school IPM surveys.  After review of IPM literature and  
             discussions with school IPM coordinators, DPR categorized  
             four activities as central to a successful school IPM  
             program:  a) monitoring pest populations; b) emphasizing  
             pest prevention; c) keeping records; and d) using  
             pesticides, preferably the least hazardous, only as a last  
             resort.  DPR's latest school IPM survey was conduct in 2007  
             and was sent to 974 public school IPM coordinators.  Over  
             half of the school districts responded.  DPR found that  
             school district compliance with the HSA increased  
             significantly between 2002 and 2007, with most of the change  
             occurring between 2002 and 2004.  As of 2007, a majority of  
             California's schools had implemented at least three of the  
             four HSA requirements, with about two-thirds being in full  
             compliance.  Of those districts that responded to DPR's  
             survey, 52 percent report adopting between two and four of  
             the seven voluntary IPM policies.  However, only 11 percent  
             of the districts reported adopting six or more of the  
             voluntary IPM policies.  DPR states that this indicates the  
             importance of continuing IPM outreach efforts to school  
             districts.

            3)Amendments needed  .
            
               a)   In the legislative findings and declarations,  
                subsection (3), the bill states:

                    "A recent study reveals that female teachers have a  
                    significantly higher cancer rate compared to other  
                    women of the same age and race including breast  
                    cancer, lymphoma and leukemia, which pervious studies  
                    have shown are linked to pesticides."










                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 4

                 This statement does not cite the referenced study and  
                 may be misleading because it appears that the referenced  
                 study is concluding that there is a causal relationship  
                 between the occurrences of cancer and pesticide  
                 exposure.  Unless that is true, this statement should be  
                 stricken.

              b)   Section 17615, subsection (c), beginning on page 4 of  
                this bill allows for an exemption from the ban when  
                specified criteria are met.  While an exemption is  
                warranted for cases when districts need to use specified  
                pesticides, as written the bill would undermine the  
                existing Healthy Schools Act of 2000 in that it allows  
                the right-to-know and right-to-act provisions of the act  
                to be bypassed by the use of the exemption language.   
                This provision should be amended to be consistent with  
                the Healthy Schools Act of 2000.

              c)   In Section 17615 (g) (2), page 5, lines 33 to 40, the  
                bill requires DPR to set and collect a fee to reimburse  
                DPR and schools for the costs of implementing this  
                measure.  Given the complicated nature of setting a  
                reimbursement rate, an amendment should be taken to  
                require DPR to develop regulations for setting the fee  
                and reimbursement rate. 

            4)Prior and related legislation  .  AB 821 (Brownley) of 2009  
             would have required all school districts and non-public  
             elementary schools (with 50 or more pupils) to purchase and  
             use only environmentally preferable cleaning and cleaning  
             maintenance products, if these products exist.  AB 821 was  
             held in the Assembly Appropriations Committee.

             AB 2865 (Torrico) Chapter 865, (Statutes of 2006), extended  
             the Healthy Schools Act to private child care facilities.

             AB 1006 (Chu) of 2004 would have banned public schools from  
             using the "most highly toxic" pesticides on school property.  
              AB 1006 was heard in then-Senate Agriculture and Water  
             Resources Committee but a vote was never taken.

            5)Support Arguments  .  Proponents argue that many studies have  
             found serious toxic effects of pesticides at levels much  









                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 5

             lower than prescribed on labels for use.  The proponents  
             cite a California State Department of Public Health, Office  
             of Environmental Health and Hazard Assessment report  
             published in 2005 that the following chronic diseases were  
             linked to pesticide exposure: asthma, reproductive outcomes,  
             cancer, dermatitis, learning impairments, Alzheimer's  
             disease, Parkinson's disease and chronic fatigue syndrome.

             The proponents also cite that the Centers for Disease  
             Control and Prevention's biomonitoring program found high  
             levels of pesticides in children with an average of seven  
             pesticides in each child.  Supporters state that childhood  
             diseases and conditions linked to pesticide exposure have  
             risen, and there have been 502 cases of reported pesticide  
             accidents resulting in acute symptoms from 1992-2007 in  
             California schools.

             The proponents state that "there are over 1,000 school  
             districts in the state with over six million children  
             spending on average 6 hours a day at approximately 9,900  
             school sites.  Despite great effort by DPR, there was no  
             sustained increase in school districts adopting indicator  
             practices associated with least toxic pest management in the  
             last 4 years surveyed.  Education is not enough."

             The proponents believe that "it is crucial that SB 1157 be  
             passed to ensure an environment in which children are given  
             a chance to thrive.  Every child and school staff should be  
             able to attend work at school without undertaking  
             unnecessary risk of a serious disease later in life that  
             would not only lower quality of life for the individual, but  
             be of cost to families, communities and our state."

            6)Opposition Arguments  .  Opponents contend that this bill is  
             "based upon inaccurate assumptions about how pest control is  
             performed in and around schools.  Pest control today,  
             especially structural pest control, is vastly different than  
             it was 25 years ago.  The opponents state that in the  
             findings and declarations, the bill states that many schools  
             'continue to use highly toxic pesticides,' and the operative  
             section of the proposed bill states (section 17615)  
             enumerate several lists of materials that are proposed to be  
             banned for use in public schools."  According to the Pest  









                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 6

             Control Operators of California, most of the material  
             contained in these lists, and certainly the most highly  
             toxic materials are already prohibited from use at schools.

             The opposition continues to state that "the sponsors of the  
             bill cite numerous instances of pesticide accidents between  
             1992 and 2007 in California schools.  Prior to 2000, there  
             was no comprehensive law governing the use of pesticides in  
             schools.  The Healthy Schools Act was passed in 2000,  
             establishing a new standard for the use of pesticides in  
             California schools."  The opposition asks that the  
             Legislature review and compare data regarding pesticide  
             accidents on school sites pre and post 2000.  The opposition  
             contends that, in their experience, the cases have decreased  
             dramatically.

             The opposition believes that anyone using pesticides on  
             school premises be a licensed applicator to ensure the  
             safety of the students, teachers, staff and visitors.

             However, the opposition states that it is not in the public  
             interest and health and safety are not best served by a  
             complete ban on the use of pesticides in schools.  There are  
             certain instances were it is necessary to use pesticides to  
             protect children from diseases such as Malaria, yellow fever  
             and West Nile virus.

            SOURCE  :        Parents for a Safer Environment

            SUPPORT  :       American Lung Association
                          Breast Cancer Action
                                Breast Cancer Fund
                               California Church IMPACT
                               California Nurses Association
                          California School Employees Association
                          California School Health Centers Association
                                Clean Water Action
                          Coalition for Clean Air
                          Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors
                               Environmental Working Group
                               Mothers of Marin Against the Spray
                          National Nurses Organizing Committee
                               Pesticide Watch









                                                               SB 1157
                                                                 Page 7

                          Physicians for Social Responsibility, San  
                     Francisco-Bay Area  Chapter
                                Sierra Club California

            OPPOSITION  :Pest Control Operators of California
                          Western Plant Health Association