BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                               SB 1207
                                                                       

                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
                        Senator S. Joseph Simitian, Chairman
                              2009-2010 Regular Session
                                           
           BILL NO:    SB 1207
           AUTHOR:     Kehoe
           AMENDED:    March 24, 2010
           FISCAL:     Yes               HEARING DATE:     April 19, 2010
           URGENCY:    No                CONSULTANT:       Randy Pestor
            
           SUBJECT  :    FIRE HAZARD IMPACTS

            SUMMARY  :    
           
            Existing law  :

           1) Under Protection of Forest, Range and Forage Lands Law,  
              requires the State Board of Forestry and Fire Protection  
              (SBFFP) to classify lands where the financial  
              responsibility of preventing and suppressing fires is  
              primarily a state responsibility (i.e., state  
              responsibility areas (SRAs)).  SRAs include lands covered  
              by trees producing or capable of producing forest products.  
               SRAs cannot include federal owned or controlled land, or  
              land within a city.

           2) Requires the Director of Forestry and Fire Protection to  
              identify areas in the state as very high fire hazard  
              severity zones based on consistent statewide criteria and  
              based on the severity of fire hazard expected in those  
              areas.

           3) Under Planning and Zoning Law, requires cities and counties  
              to adopt a general plan that includes seven mandated  
              elements (land use, circulation, housing, conservation,  
              open space, noise, safety).  The draft safety element or  
              safety element amendment must be submitted to the SBFFP and  
              to every local agency that provides fire protection in the  
              city or county.  The SBFFP and a local agency may review  
              the draft and report written recommendations to the  
              planning agency regarding certain matters.

           4) Under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA),  









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              requires lead agencies with the principal responsibility  
              for carrying out or approving a proposed discretionary  
              project to prepare a negative declaration, mitigated  
              declaration, or environmental impact report (EIR) for this  
              action, unless the project is exempt from CEQA (CEQA  
              includes various statutory exemptions, as well as  
              categorical exemptions in the CEQA guidelines).  An initial  
              study is prepared to determine whether a project may have a  
              significant effect on the environment.  The Office of  
              Planning and Research (OPR) must prepare and develop  
              proposed guidelines to implement CEQA, and submit them to  
              the Secretary of the Resources Agency for certification and  
              adoption.  OPR must review the guidelines at least every  
              two years and recommend changes or amendments to the  
              Secretary for certification and adoption.

            This bill  :

           1) Under Planning and Zoning Law:

              a)    Requires the general plan safety element to be  
                 reviewed and updated prior to January 1, 2015, and upon  
                 each revision of the housing element after that date, to  
                 address risk of fire for lands in SRAs and very high  
                 fire hazard severity zones.  This review must consider  
                 the advice of the "Fire Hazard Planning" document  
                 prepared by OPR, and subsequent revisions.  OPR must  
                 update this document before January 1, 2012.

              b)    Requires the safety element to include certain  
                 matters (e.g., fire hazard information; goals, policies,  
                 and objectives based on this information for protecting  
                 the community from unreasonable fire risk; set of  
                 feasible implementation measures designed to carry out  
                 the goals, policies, and objectives).

              c)    Requires the SBFFP and a local agency to recommend  
                 changes to the planning agency, rather than report  
                 written recommendations.

           2) Under CEQA, requires OPR, at the next CEQA guidelines  
              update on or after January 1, 2011, to prepare guidelines  
              recommending changes to the initial study checklist for the  









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              inclusion of questions related to fire hazard impacts for  
              projects in SRAs or within very high hazard severity zones.  
               After receipt and review, the Natural Resources Agency  
              must certify and adopt the guidelines.

            COMMENTS  :

            1) Purpose of Bill  .  According to the author, "In 2005, the  
              Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO) reported that there are  
              31 million acres in [SRAs] and that local land use  
              decisions are responsible for the increased density of  
              homes in the wildland-urban interface.  According to fire  
              experts, residential density and human activities in the  
              wildland-urban interface increase fire risk, with costs  
              borne at all levels of government.  According to the LAO,  
              as of 2005, CAL FIRE's annual budget has increased 150%  
              since 1997-98.  According to an April 2009 Climate Action  
              Team report, global warming is more severe than scientists  
              previously thought and the number of wildfires are expected  
              to double over the next several decades.  California's  
              ongoing drought condition adds to increased fire risk for  
              structures located in SRAs and high hazard severity zones,  
              which means the fiscal impact to the state budget to fight  
              wildland fires will also increase."

           The author notes that "It is in the state's best interest to  
              ensure that cities and counties do all they can to engage  
              in comprehensive and consistent fire prevention and fire  
              protection planning as early in the local land use planning  
              process as possible for projects in SRAs and very high fire  
              hazard severity zones."

           The author notes in response to these concerns, that SB 1207:   
              a) requires OPR to update its November 2003 "Fire Hazard  
              Planning" document; b) requires the safety element to  
              consider the most current version of that document prior to  
              January 1, 2015, and at each update of the housing element  
              after that date, and to require the safety element to  
              include additional fire hazard measures for certain areas;  
              and c) requires OPR to recommend changes to the CEQA  
              Initial Study Checklist to include questions relating to  
              fire hazard impacts in SRA and very high fire hazard  
              severity zone lands.









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            2) Related legislation  .  SB 1207 is similar to SB 505 (Kehoe)  
              of 2009, which was vetoed.  According to Governor  
              Schwarzenegger in vetoing SB 505, "While I concur that  
              counties must ensure that adequate fire protection is  
              available in an area before approving additional  
              development, I am concerned that this bill will result in  
              additional General Fund costs and create significant cost  
              pressures to maintain State Responsibility Areas and fire  
              hazard severity zone maps.  In addition, I am also  
              concerned with the cost pressures this bill will place upon  
              local governments to implement this measure."

           SB 1293 (Hollingsworth), to be heard by the Environmental  
              Quality Committee April 19, 2010, requires OPR, at the next  
              CEQA guidelines update on or after January 1, 2011, to  
              prepare guidelines recommending changes to the initial  
              study checklist for the inclusion of questions relating to  
              vegetation management projects to reduce fire hazards  
              located in an SRA or within very high hazard severity  
              zones.

           SB 1500 (Kehoe) of 2008 prohibited counties from approving  
              projects in SRAs until the county received certification  
              from fire protection agencies that there is or will be  
              sufficient structural fire protection for the project.  SB  
              1500 also required consultation and notices under CEQA for  
              all projects in those areas.  SB 1500 was placed on the  
              Assembly inactive file.  AB 2447 (Jones) of 2008, which was  
              vetoed, required counties to deny approval of a tentative  
              or parcel subdivision map in SRAs and very high fire hazard  
              severity zones, unless certain findings could be made.  AB  
              666 (Jones) of 2009 addressed similar issues and was  
              vetoed.

            SOURCE  :        Senator Kehoe  

           SUPPORT  :       American Planning Association (California  
                          Chapter), California Fire Chiefs Association,  
                          California Native Plant Society, California  
                          Professional Firefighters, California State  
                          Firefighters' Association, Fire Districts  
                          Association of California, League of California  









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                          Cities, Mountains Recreation and Conservation  
                          Authority, Orange County Professional  
                          Firefighters' Association IAFF Local 3631,  
                          Sierra Club California  

           OPPOSITION  :    California State Association of Counties,  
                          Regional Council of Rural Counties