BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1207
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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1207 (Kehoe)
          As Amended  August 20, 2010
          Majority vote

           SENATE VOTE  :23-11  
           
           LOCAL GOVERNMENT    7-1         NATURAL RESOURCES   7-0         
           
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          |Ayes:|Smyth, Caballero,         |Ayes:|Chesbro, Gilmore,         |
          |     |Arambula, Bradford,       |     |Brownley,                 |
          |     |Davis, Solorio, Swanson   |     |De Leon, Hill, Huffman,   |
          |     |                          |     |Skinner                   |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Knight                    |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
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          APPROPRIATIONS      12-5                                        
           
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          |Ayes:|Fuentes, Bradford,        |     |                          |
          |     |Huffman, Coto, Davis, De  |     |                          |
          |     |Leon, Gatto, Hall,        |     |                          |
          |     |Skinner, Solorio,         |     |                          |
          |     |Torlakson, Torrico        |     |                          |
          |     |                          |     |                          |
          |-----+--------------------------+-----+--------------------------|
          |Nays:|Conway, Harkey, Miller,   |     |                          |
          |     |Nielsen, Norby            |     |                          |
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          SUMMARY  :  Expands the required contents of safety elements that  
          cover state responsibility area lands (SRA) and very high fire  
          hazard severity zones, as specified.  Specifically,  this bill  :    


          1)Requires the Governor's Office of Planning and Research (OPR)  
            to update its "Fire Hazard Planning" document on or before  
            January 1, 2012. 

          2)Requires cities and counties, prior to January 1, 2015, and  
            thereafter upon each revision 








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          of the housing element, to review and update their safety  
            elements as needed to address the risk of fire for land  
            classified as SRA and land classified very high fire hazard  
            severity zones.

          3)Requires this review to consider the advice included in the  
            most recent publication of OPR's "Fire Hazard Planning"  
            document. 

          4)Requires that the review also include all of the following:

             a)   Information about fire hazards, including fire hazard  
               severity zone maps, historical data on wildfires,  
               information about wildfire hazard areas available from the  
               U.S. Geological Survey, the general location and  
               distribution of existing and planned development, and  
               public fire protection agencies;

             b)   A set of comprehensive goals, policies, and objectives,  
               including avoiding or minimizing wildfire hazards  
               associated with new development, identifying construction  
               design or methods to minimize the potential for ignition or  
               spread of a structure fire to wildlands or surrounding  
               areas if new development is located in SRA lands, locating  
               new essential public facilities outside SRA land and very  
               high fire hazard severity zones, and working cooperatively  
               with public fire protection agencies; and,

             c)   Establishing feasible implementation measures designed  
               to carry out the goals, policies, and objectives. 

          5)Requires OPR, at the next California Environmental Quality Act  
            (CEQA) guidelines update on or after January 1, 2011, to  
            prepare guidelines recommending changes to the initial study  
            checklist for the inclusion of questions related to fire  
            hazard impacts for projects in an SRA or within very high  
            hazard severity zones. 

          6)Requires, after receipt and review, the Secretary of the  
            Natural Resources Agency to certify and adopt the proposed  
            guideline changes.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Requires the director of the Department of Forestry and Fire  








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            Protection (CAL FIRE) to identify areas in the state as very  
            high fire hazard severity zones based on consistent statewide  
            criteria and the severity of fire hazard that is expected to  
            prevail in those areas as determined by fuel loading, slope,  
            fire weather, and other relevant factors.

          2)Defines SRAs as areas of the state in which the financial  
            responsibility of preventing and suppressing fires has been  
            determined by the Board of Forestry (Board) to be primarily  
            the responsibility of the state.

          3)Requires the Board to identify as SRAs all lands where the  
            state has the primary financial responsibility for preventing  
            and suppressing fires.

          4)Requires the Board to map SRAs and provide this map to county  
            assessors and update this map every five years.

          5)Excludes from SRAs, federal lands and lands within the  
            exterior boundaries of any city, except a city and county with  
            a population of less than 25,000 if, at the time the city and  
            county government is established, the county contains no  
            municipal corporations.

          6)Requires CAL FIRE, within SRAs, to provide wildland fire  
            prevention and firefighting personnel and equipment, and may  
            provide rescue, first aid, and other emergency services 
          if the activity does not require additional funds.

          7)Requires the director of CAL FIRE to classify and update or  
            reclassify, if necessary, SRAs into fire hazard severity zones  
            for the purposes of fire prevention and suppression.

          8)Requires local governments to adopt a general plan that  
            includes, among other things, a safety element, and requires a  
            local government with SRAs or a very high fire hazard severity  
            zone to submit a draft safety element to the Board for its  
            review and comment prior to its adoption or amendment.

          9)Requires, under CEQA, lead agencies with the principal  
            responsibility for carrying out or approving a proposed  
            discretionary project to prepare a negative declaration,  
            mitigated declaration, or environmental impact report (EIR)  
            for this action, unless the project is exempt from CEQA (CEQA  
            includes various statutory exemptions, as well as categorical  








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            exemptions in the CEQA guidelines). 

          10)Requires, under CEQA, an initial study to be prepared to  
            determine whether a project may have a significant effect on  
            the environment.  

          11)Requires OPR to prepare and develop proposed guidelines to  
            implement CEQA, and submit them to the Secretary of the  
            Natural Resources Agency for certification and adoption. 

          12)Requires OPR to review CEQA guidelines at least every two  
            years and recommend changes or amendments to the Secretary of  
            the Natural Resources Agency for certification and adoption.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, there are:  

          1)Annual costs of approximately $155,000 (GF) to CAL FIRE to  
            provide guideline assistance to OPR, provide administrative  
            support to the Board, and assist local agencies.  (CAL FIRE  
            asserts that the minimum cost to comply with the bill is  
            between $570,000 and $1.5 million (GF) for a position for  
            guideline assistance, a position to provide administrative  
            support to the Board, and up to 11 positions, for assistance  
            to local agencies.  Calfire additionally claims that, to  
            effectively review safety elements and consult on CEQA issues  
            and to update Very High Severity Zone (VHSZ) maps, it needs  
            about $1 million (GF) in annual staffing, IT, and operational  
            expenses.)

          2)One-time costs of about $50,000 (GF) to OPR to develop and  
            update its guidelines. 

           COMMENTS  :  According to the Legislative Analyst's Office (LAO),  
          local land use decisions are responsible for an increasing  
          density of homes in the wildland urban interface (WUI) but the  
          consequences of those decisions - increased fire risk and  
          medical emergencies - are increasingly the responsibility of the  
          state.  In its analysis of the 2008-09 budget, LAO found that  
          CAL FIRE's budget has increased 150% since 1997-98.  One of the  
          cost drivers of CAL FIRE's growing expenditures is increasing  
          development in the WUI.  Despite the fact that the total acreage  
          in SRAs has remained stable over the last 15 years, the number  
          of housing units in SRAs has increased by 15% over this period.   
          Based on 2005 data, LAO reports that there are about 870,000  








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          housing units in SRAs, and the number is increasing at an  
          accelerating pace.

          The author's office notes that "it is in the state's best  
          interest to ensure that cities and counties do all they can to  
          engage in comprehensive and consistent fire prevention and fire  
          protection planning as early in the local land use planning  
          process as possible."

          Following recent wildfires, there are concerns over reducing  
          loss of lives and property, high costs of fire protection, and  
          addressing those losses and costs through land use planning.   
          This bill expands the required contents of safety elements  
          covering SRA lands and very high fire hazard severity zones and  
          also requires OPR to revise CEQA guidelines to change the  
          initial study to address fire hazard impacts.
           
           Support Arguments:  The League of California Cities supports  
          this bill stating that "planning for the health and safety of  
          citizens necessarily involves the consideration of and planning  
          for very high fire hazard zones.  The League believes it is  
          appropriate that the CEQA guidelines be amended to address this  
          consideration and the changes to the general plan law outline a  
          logical process for planning for new development."  Moreover,  
          the League believes that this bill "may actually save cities  
          money in the long term.  When dangerous fires emerge, cities up  
          and down the state send fire fighters to assist under mutual aid  
          agreements.  While the time and cost of these fire fighters are  
          reimbursed, many indirect costs - such as overtime paid to the  
          fire fighters who stay home to cover the shifts of those who  
          left - are not.  To the extent better planning will lead to less  
          property at risk of severe fire hazards, local agencies up and  
          down the state will save money." 
           
           Opposition Arguments:  In their letter of oppose unless amended,  
          the California State Association of Counties and the Regional  
          Council of Rural Counties state we "understand the author's  
          interest in strengthening existing laws to ensure additional  
          consideration of fire safety issues in the land use planning and  
          development processes.  However, we must oppose 
          the provision of the bill that would have the affect of  
          requiring cities and counties with land designated as SRA and  
          very high fire hazard severity zones, to amend their general  
          plan safety elements to address fire safety issues in a more  
          comprehensive manner.  We are concerned with the potential  








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          implementation costs which will be in the thousands of dollars  
          depending on the amount of public outreach, controversy, and  
          environmental review.  The bill indicates that the local agency  
          may levy a fee to pay for the program mandated by this measure.   
          It is unrealistic to expect cities and counties to recover all  
          of these costs through the imposition of charges, fees, or  
          assessments."

          Similar legislation:  

          SB 505 (Kehoe, 2009), vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger, is  
          almost identical to 
          this bill.  In his veto message, the Governor stated "while I  
          concur that counties must ensure that adequate fire protection  
          is available in an area before approving additional development,  
          I am concerned that this bill will result in additional General  
          Fund costs and create significant cost pressures to maintain  
          State Responsibility Areas and fire hazard severity zone maps.   
          In addition, I am also concerned with the cost pressures this  
          bill will place upon local governments to implement this  
          measure."

          AB 666 (Jones, 2009), vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger, would  
          have required the legislative body of a county to make three  
          specified findings before approving a tentative map or a parcel  
          map for an area located in an SRA or a very high fire hazard  
          severity zone as designated by CAL FIRE. 

          SB 1500 (Kehoe, 2008) would have prohibited a county from  
          approving a proposed project, as defined, in an SRA if the Board  
          determines that structural fire protection is a local  
          responsibility and no fire protection services are provided, as  
          specified.  This measure died on the Assembly Floor. 

          AB 2447 (Jones, 2008), almost identical to what is currently in  
          AB 666, was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.  However, the  
          veto message references components of previous versions of AB  
          2447, not the final version that was passed by the Legislature.


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Katie Kolitsos / L. GOV. / (916) 319-39
                                                                FN: 0006368