BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1224|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1224
          Author:   Wright (D)
          Amended:  5/10/10
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENV. QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  6-1, 5/3/10
          AYES:  Simitian, Runner, Corbett, Hancock, Lowenthal,  
            Strickland
          NOES:  Pavley


           SUBJECT  :    Air discharges

           SOURCE  :     California Metals Coalition


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes, until January 1, 2014, a  
          local air pollution control district or air quality  
          management district to adopt a rule or regulation,  
          consistent with protecting the public's comfort, health,  
          and safety, that ensures district staff and resources are  
          not used to investigate repeated and unsubstantiated  
          complaints, alleging a nuisance odor violation concerning  
          the discharge of current prohibited air contaminants. 

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law:

          1. Under the California Constitution, authorizes a city or  
             county to "make and enforce within its limits all local,  
             police, sanitation, and other ordinances and regulations  
             not in conflict with general law."

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          2. Under Nuisance Law:

              A.    Defines "nuisance" to be anything injurious to  
                health, including, but not limited to the illegal  
                sale of controlled substances, or is indecent or  
                offensive to the senses, or an obstruction to the  
                free use of property, so as to interfere with the  
                comfortable enjoyment of life or property, or  
                unlawfully obstructs the free passage or use, in the  
                customary manner, of any navigable lake, river, bay  
                stream canal or basin, or any public park, square,  
                street, or highway.

              B.    Defines "public nuisance" as one that affects at  
                the same time an entire community or neighborhood, or  
                any considerable number of persons, although the  
                extent of annoyance or damage inflicted upon  
                individuals may be unequal.

              C.    Defines "private nuisance" as every nuisance not  
                included in the definition of "public nuisance."

              D.    Provides that an agricultural or agricultural  
                processing facility cannot become a nuisance due to  
                any changed condition in or about the locality after  
                it has been in operation for more than three years if  
                it was not a nuisance at the time it began, and  
                certain conditions are met.

          3. Provides the Air Resources Board (ARB) with primary  
             responsibility for control of mobile source air  
             pollution, including adoption of rules for reducing  
             vehicle emissions and the specification of vehicular  
             fuel composition.  ARB must coordinate efforts to attain  
             and maintain ambient air quality standards.

          4. Provides that air pollution control districts (APCD) and  
             air quality management districts (AQMD) have primary  
             responsibility for controlling air pollution from all  
             sources, other than emissions from mobile sources.

          5. Under Nonvehicular Air Pollution Control Law:

              A.    Prohibits persons from discharging from any  







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                source quantities of air contaminants or other  
                material that causes injury, detriment, nuisance, or  
                annoyance to any considerable number of persons or to  
                the public, or that endanger the comfort, repose,  
                health, or safety of any of those persons or the  
                public, or that cause or have a natural tendency to  
                cause injury or damage to business or property.

              B.    Exempts odors emanating from certain agricultural  
                and compost operations unless the California  
                Integrated Waste Management Board adopts regulation  
                governing composting sites by April 1, 2003.

              C.    Authorizes an APCD or AQMD board, after notice  
                and hearing, to issue an order for abatement whenever  
                it finds that any person is constructing or operating  
                any article, machine, equipment, or other contrivance  
                without a permit required by the law, or is in  
                violation of #5a (above), or of any order, rule, or  
                regulation prohibiting or limiting the discharge of  
                air contaminants into the air.

          This bill:

          1. Authorizes, until January 1, 2014, an APCD or AQMD to  
             adopt a rule or regulation, consistent with protecting  
             the public's comfort, repose, health, and safety, and  
             not causing injury, detriment, nuisance, or annoyance,  
             that ensures district staff and resources are not used  
             to investigate complaints determined to be repeated and  
             unsubstantiated, alleging a nuisance odor violation  
             concerning the discharge of current prohibited air  
             contaminants. 

          2. Requires, until January 1, 2014, an APCD or AQMD to  
             submit the rule or regulation to the Senate  
             Environmental Quality Committee and the Assembly Natural  
             Resources Committee within 30 days of adopting the rule  
             or regulation.

           COMMENTS  :

          According to the author's office, "Present law, Health and  
          Safety Code []41700, does not provide guidance on how odor  







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          complaints are processed.  []41705 provides exemptions,  
          but again, not guidance on processing complaints.  The  
          problem that SB 1224 would fix is to establish parameters  
          that are clear for the regulated community, as well as  
          local neighbors filing complaints.  Consistency will also  
          help curb abuse of the law as several industries have seen  
          local public nuisance (odor) complaints filed by  
          individuals who don't even live or work in the area.   
          Avenues exhausted have been multiple meetings with the  
          South Coast AQMD and Bay Area AQMD."

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/12/10)

          California Metals Coalition (source)
          AB&I Foundry
          Alameda County Board of Supervisors
          American Foundry Society, Southern California
          Atlas Pacific Corporation
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Chapter, Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries
          California Forestry Association
          California League of Food Processors
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association
          California State University, Chico- Manufacturing  
                         Technology Program
          CASS, Inc.
          Crenshaw Die and Manufacturing Corporation
          Dameron Alloy Foundries, Inc.
          Edelbrock Corporation
          Globe Iron Foundry, Inc.
          Griswold Industries
          Helfrich Tool and Die Corporation
          Hyatt Die Cast & Engineering Corporation
          Industrial Environmental Association
          KenWalt Die Casting Corporation
          Lodi Iron Works, Inc.
          Magnesium Alloy Products Company, Inc.
          North American Die Casting Association, Chapter 30
          Northern California Coasters Association
          Pacific Steel Casting Company
          Rangers Die Casting Co.







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          Small Business California
          Strategic Materials Corporation
          Thorock Metals, Inc.
          TST, Inc.
          United States Pipe & Foundry Company (Union City Pipe  
                         Plant)  
           
           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/12/10)

          American Lung Association
          Breathe California
          California Communities Against Toxics
          California Environmental Rights Alliance
          California Safe Schools
          Society for Positive Action
          Coalition for a Safe Environment
          Del Amo Action Committee
          Physicians for Social Responsibility (Los Angeles)

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the proponents of  
          this bill:

          "Odor is arguably the most difficult air contaminant to  
          regulate.  The sensitivity of the individual - not the  
          science of whether the odor is harmful - drives  
          enforcement.  Almost every air rule in California is based  
          on numerical limits.  Odor is based on the viewpoint of the  
          person smelling the odor, which is totally subjective.

          "Small businesses require consistency and certainty from  
          the laws they are expected to follow.  Unfortunately, some  
          citizen and citizen groups are abusing the ambiguities  
          associated with the odor law to harass or extort money from  
          small businesses.

          "Manuals and checklists have surfaced on how to walk the  
          streets and target companies based on odors.  The manual  
          states what to complain about, and even how to feel.  Many  
          of these documents openly state that the data will be used  
          for lawsuits.  While metalworking facilities are not alone  
          in dealing with the odor law, we have seen attacks on local  
          metal companies that have led to job loss, and even closure  
          of companies.








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          "Inconsistencies and ambiguities in the state's odor law  
          have already cost small businesses millions of dollars due  
          to unconfirmed odor claims.  And misuse of the odor law  
          means uncertainty for companies during unprecedented  
          economic challenges."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    According to the American Lung  
          Association who writes in opposition:

          "SB 1224 would limit the ability of the public to file  
          complaints with their local air district upon detecting  
          odors caused by local discharges of air contaminants or  
          other harmful materials.  By requiring that all nuisance  
          complaints be filed in association with the physical  
          location of the reporter's residence, business or place of  
          employment unsafely limits the public's ability to report  
          harmful emissions where and when they occur.  This bill  
          could result in health and safety complaints being deferred  
          or disregarded and erode the public's confidence in their  
          ability to timely report harmful events.

          "This bill would also consider all confirmed nuisance  
          complaints from a single address, such as a place of work,  
          to be treated as a single complaint.  This provision could  
          minimize the effect of significant events in terms of  
          public nuisance.  In order to demonstrate the public's  
          awareness and engagement in reporting harmful events, the  
          public agencies involved should retain the ability to  
          report the number of complaints received, in addition to  
          the number of harmful events."


          TSM:nl  5/12/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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