BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                               Gloria Romero, Chair
                            2009-2010 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       SB 1255
          AUTHOR:        Padilla
          INTRODUCED:    February 19, 2010
          FISCAL COMM:   No             HEARING DATE:  April 21, 2010
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Lynn Lorber

           SUBJECT  :   Electrolyte Replacement Beverages

           KEY POLICY ISSUE

           Should schools be prohibited from selling electrolyte  
          replacement beverages to pupils during school hours?

           SUMMARY  

          This bill prohibits, beginning on July 1, 2011, the sale of  
          electrolyte replacement beverages on school campuses within  
          one-half hour of the start of school to one-half hour after  
          the end of the school day.

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law restricts the sale of beverages at schools as  
          follows: (Education Code 49431.5)

           For elementary schools  :  Regardless of the time of day, only  
          the following beverages may be sold to a pupil:

          1)   Fruit-based drinks that have at least 50% fruit juice  
               and no added sweetener.
          2)   Vegetable-based drinks that have at least 50% vegetable  
               juice and no added sweetener.
          3)   Drinking water with no added sweetener.
          4)   Two percent fat milk, 1% fat milk, nonfat milk, soymilk,  
               rice milk, and other similar non-dairy milk.

           For middle or junior high and high schools  :  From one-half  
          hour before the start of the schoolday until one-half hour  
          after the end of the schoolday only the following beverages  
          may be sold to a pupil:

          1)   Fruit-based drinks that have at least 50% fruit juice  



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               and no added sweetener.
          2)   Vegetable-based drinks that have at least 50% vegetable  
               juice and no added sweetener.
          3)   Drinking water with no added sweetener.


          4)   Two percent fat milk, 1% fat milk, nonfat milk, soymilk,  
               rice milk, and other similar non-dairy milk.
          5)   An electrolyte replacement beverage that contains no  
               more than 42 grams of added sweetener per 20-ounce  
               serving.

           ANALYSIS  

           This bill  prohibits, beginning July 1, 2011, electrolyte  
          replacement beverages from being sold to a pupil from  
          one-half hour before the start of the schoolday until  
          one-half hour after the end of the schoolday. 

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  According to the author, "studies  
               show that students are overwhelmingly replacing soda  
               with sports drinks, which are high in sugar and sodium.   
               California has one of the fastest growing rates of  
               obesity of any state in the nation.  Nearly 16 million  
               Californians are obese or overweight.  One-third of  
               children in California ages 9-11 are overweight or are  
               at risk of becoming overweight and are increasingly  
               suffering from nutrition-related illnesses that normally  
               occur in adulthood, such as type II diabetes and  
               pre-hypertension.  By prohibiting the sale of  
               electrolyte replacement beverages to pupils, this bill  
               seeks to close the loophole of allowing sweetened  
               beverages to be offered to California students.

           2)   Electrolyte replacement beverages  .  By definition,  
               electrolyte replacement beverages contain sugar or some  
               type of sweetener.  Electrolyte replacement drinks are  
               designed to replace the fluids (water) and electrolytes  
               (sodium, potassium, etc.) lost during exercise.  Some  
               beverages provide carbohydrate (glucose, sucrose,  
               glucose polymers) as a replacement to sustain energy  
               output.  Proponents contend that these beverages are  
               meant to replace what the body loses only after long  
               periods of physical activity.  Do pupils exercise enough  
               at school to warrant the need to drink electrolyte  



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               replacement beverages?

           3)   Exemptions remain  .  This bill does not modify the  
               exemptions in current law:

                        Elementary schools may sell beverages not  
                    specifically authorized in law if the items are  
                    sold by pupils off and away from the school campus  
                    or the items are sold by the pupils one-half hour  
                    or more after the end of the schoolday. 

                        A middle or junior high school may sell these  
                    beverages:

                    o              As part of a school event if the  
                         sale occurs at a school-sponsored event and  
                         takes place at the location of the event at  
                         least one-half hour after the end of the  
                         schoolday.
                    o              If vending machines, pupil stores  
                         and cafeterias are used later than one-half  
                         hour after the end of the schoolday.


                        A middle or junior high school may sell these  
                    beverages through a vending machine if it is only  
                    available no later than one-half hour before the  
                    start of the schoolday and not sooner than one-half  
                    hour after the end of the schoolday.  (Education  
                    Code  49431.5)

           4)   Sweetened beverages  .  On November 5, 2009, the Senate  
               convened a joint hearing of the Health Committee and the  
               Select Committee on Obesity and Diabetes, titled  
               "Exploring the Link Between Sugar Sweetened Drinks and  
               Obesity."  At the hearing, leading nutrition and obesity  
               researchers from across the nation gave testimony that  
               sweetened beverage consumption:  1) adds unnecessary  
               calories to an individual's daily intake due to lack of  
               nutritional value; and, 2) parallels the rise in obesity  
               in the nation.  Researchers affirmed that reducing the  
               consumption of sweetened beverages is an important  
               strategy to reverse obesity trends in the United States.

           5)   Fiscal impact to schools  .  During deliberations on prior  
               legislation to limit and eventually eliminate the sale  
               of soda on school campuses, some were concerned that  



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               schools could lose hundreds of thousands of dollars in  
               revenue from those sales.  Anecdotal evidence suggests  
               that schools found other ways to generate revenue, such  
               as through the sale of bottled water, juice and  
               electrolyte replacement beverages.  Will schools suffer  
               financially if this bill were to become law?  

          6)   Senate Health Committee amendments  .  Beverage  
               restrictions were phased in and statutes continue to  
               reflect operative dates from years passed.  The Health  
               Committee staff recommended technical amendments to  
               delete sections that are no longer operative.  

           7)   Related legislation  . 

                        SB 1413 requires schools to provide access to  
                    free, fresh drinking water in food service areas.   
                    SB 1413 passed this Committee on April 14, 2010, on  
                    a 6-2 vote, and is now pending in the Senate  
                    Appropriations Committee.

           SUPPORT
           
          American Academy of Pediatrics
          American Diabetes Association
          California Center for Public Health Advocacy
          California Department of Public Health
          California Food Policy Advocates
          California Medical Association
          California School Nurses Organization
          California School Nutrition Association
          California Teachers Association
          Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Diabetes,  
          Endocrinology & Metabolism


          Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition
          Health Officers Association of California
          Mission Community Hospital
          Oakland Unified School District, Nutrition Services
          San Mateo County Board of Supervisors

           OPPOSITION
           
          None received.





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