BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                                                       Bill No:  SB  
          1258
          
                 SENATE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION
                       Senator Roderick D. Wright, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                 Staff Analysis



          SB 1258  Author:  Kehoe
          As Introduced:  February 19, 2010
          Hearing Date:  April 13, 2010
          Consultant:  Chris Lindstrom


                                     SUBJECT  

               Emergency Services: property insurance surcharge.

                                   DESCRIPTION
           
          SB 1258, an urgency measure, would implement the Governor's  
          Emergency Response Initiative (ERI).

          Specifically, the bill:

          1)Establishes the Local Government Mutual Aid Enhancement  
            Program in the California Emergency Management Agency  
            (CalEMA).

          2)Requires, beginning July 1, 2011, and each year  
            thereafter, that 31.3 percent of the funds deposited in  
            the newly created Emergency Response Fund, to be  
            allocated to the program upon appropriation by the  
            Legislature, for specified purposes.

          3)Requires the Secretary of CalEMA to allocate funds to  
            specified entities, for the purpose of enhancing or  
            sustaining fire and rescue disaster mutual aid capacity  
            to combat the effect of all hazard disasters, as  
            specified.

          4)Requires the Secretary, in consultation with specified  
            entities, to develop a strategy for the enhancement of  
            mutual aid, and would require each fire and rescue  




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            operational area to submit to the Secretary a 3-year  
            strategy for the enhancement of fire and rescue disaster  
            mutual aid, as specified.

          5)Creates the Emergency Response Fund in the State  
            Treasury.  Requires insureds to pay a special purpose  
            surcharge (of 4.8%) on commercial and residential fire  
            and multi-peril insurance policies, including policies  
            with combined property and liability coverage, issued or  
            renewed on or after July 1, 2010, as specified.  Funds  
            from this surcharge would be available for appropriation  
            by the Legislature to fund emergency activities, as  
            defined, of the CalEMA, the Department of Forestry and  
            Fire Protection (CALFIRE), and the Military Department.   
            Any balance remaining in the fund at the end of a fiscal  
            year would be retained and carried forward to the next  
            fiscal year.

          6)Requires insurers collecting the surcharge to make a  
            specified disclosure on the policy declarations page,  
            billing statement, or a separate document accompanying  
            the declarations page or billing statement.

          7)Require the Department of Insurance, CALFIRE, and other  
            state agencies and departments to cooperate and provide  
            information to CalEMA as necessary.

          8)Takes effect immediately as an urgency statute.

                                   EXISTING LAW

           Existing law establishes the California Emergency  
          Management Agency, which is responsible for the state's  
          emergency and disaster response services for certain  
          manmade disasters and emergencies, including responsibility  
          for activities necessary to prevent, respond to, recover  
          from, and mitigate the effects of emergencies and disasters  
          to people and property.

          Existing law authorizes the Governor to appoint the  
          Secretary of California Emergency Management, subject to  
          Senate confirmation and grants the Secretary the authority  
          to coordinate all state disaster response, emergency  
          planning, emergency preparedness, disaster recovery, and  
          disaster mitigation activities, as well as homeland  
          security activities.




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          Designates CalEMA a law enforcement organization, thereby  
          allowing department employees to receive criminal  
          intelligence information.

          There is within the State Budget reserve for Economic  
          Uncertainties a Disaster Response Emergency Operations  
          Account.

          Existing statute authorizes the Director of Finance to  
          allocate any money within that account to state agencies  
          for disaster response or recovery costs resulting from a  
          Governor declared state of emergency.

          Existing law requires the Insurance Commissioner, in  
          cooperation with insurers, the Emergency Management Agency,  
          and other emergency service agencies, to establish  
          procedures for the coordination of efforts between insurers  
          and their representatives and those of emergency response  
          agencies.

                                    BACKGROUND
           
          Purpose of the bill.  According to the author's office, "SB  
          1258 is sponsored by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger.  The  
          bill is the legislative vehicle for the Governor's  
          Emergency Response Initiative (ERI), and it is cosponsored  
          by the California Fire Chiefs Association, California  
          Professional Firefighters, and the Fire Districts  
          Association of California.

          "California's communities constantly face a potentially  
          devastating range of fire emergencies and other natural  
          threats or disasters, including flooding, extreme  
          temperatures, mudslides, drought, and earthquakes. The  
          state has a responsibility to aggressively prepare for the  
          next, inevitable emergency or natural disaster. The  
          Emergency Response Initiative will ensure California is  
          prepared by providing first responders with new equipment  
          and technology, improving overall emergency preparedness  
          and response, and proactively helping to save lives and  
          property. This proposal will benefit all Californians -  
          north, south, coastal, inland, rural, or urban."

          Background.  California has suffered catastrophic disasters  
          and fires that have impacted the entire state's economy,  




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          quality of life and insurance costs-and will likely  
          continue to do so into the future.  Our state also has the  
          best mutual aid response system in the world.  However, the  
          fiscal crises at the state and local levels has created  
          challenges in funding first response capabilities and the  
          premier mutual aid system in the world.  The state  
          currently lacks all of the financial resources it needs to  
          fully fund its role in the mutual aid system and local  
          governments are having increasing difficulty in funding its  
          shared responsibilities in the system.  This situation is  
          becoming critical and impacts the public safety of all  
          Californians when a disaster strikes.  

          Government's first responsibility is the safety of its  
          citizens.  California's state and local firefighters are  
          the first to respond in a disaster situation, and as such,  
          the state has a responsibility to ensure they have the  
          necessary resources to carry out their job effectively and  
          efficiently.  SB 1258 is intended to improve California's  
          overall emergency preparedness and response capabilities.   
          Proponents of the bill argue that this bill will benefit  
          all Californians, no matter where they live, by helping to  
          ensure the integrity and responsiveness of the state's  
          mutual aid system.  

          SB 1258 would impose a 4.8% emergency response surcharge on  
          all new or renewed commercial and residential fire or  
          multiperil insurance premiums issued or renewed on or after  
          July 1, 2010 in California.  Revenue from the surcharge  
          would be allocated directly to CALFIRE (California  
          Department of Forestry and Fire Protection), CalEMA  
          (California Emergency Management Agency), and local  
          governments to fund critical emergency mutual aid response,  
          equipment and other much-needed resources.  

          Specifically, the bill would fund CALFIRE in support of its  
          operations, including the acquisition of updated emergency  
          response and other aerial firefighting assets and ensure  
          that first year collections aid in backfilling cuts and  
          setting aside monies to fund unanticipated emergency  
          disasters within CALFIRE's purview.  It would also fund  
          CalEMA's support in coordinating emergency response mutual  
          aid resources under its direction, such as mutual aid  
          response fire engines and strike teams.  

          Beginning July 1, 2011, SB 1258 would require direct  




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          distribution of 31.3 percent of the revenue collected to  
          local governments on a per capita basis to support their  
          participation in the state's fire and rescue mutual aid  
          system.  Revenue from the surcharge would also help fund  
          the National Guard for its support role in the state's  
          emergency response network.












































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           LAO's comments  .  A recent LAO report on the Governor's  
          Emergency Response Initiative can be accessed at:  
           http://www.lao.ca.gov/handouts/resources/2010/Governor_Emerg 
          ency_Response_Initiative_012110.pdf .

          The following are excerpts of LAO's comments on the  
          proposal:

          The Governor's budget includes ERI-a proposal to levy a new  
          surcharge on all property insurance policies statewide. The  
          Governor proposes to use the resulting revenues to offset  
          General Fund costs in 2010-11 in CalFire. Beginning in  
          2011-12, these revenues would also be used to augment state  
          program and local assistance expenditures in three  
          departments with emergency response  
          responsibilities-CalFire, CalEMA, and the Military  
          Department, and to offset General Fund costs in CalEMA.   
          Below, we evaluate the Governor's proposed new funding  
          mechanism for emergency response, comment on the proposed  
          program augmentations, and offer an alternative fee-based  
          funding mechanism. 

          New Surcharge Proposal.  The Governor proposes to levy a  
          surcharge on all residential and commercial property  
          insurance policies in the state. The surcharge rate would  
          be 4.8 percent of the premium amount.  The administration  
          estimates that such a surcharge would generate about $238  
          million in the budget year and about $480 million per year  
          thereafter. 
          
          Surcharge Is a Tax.  Based on LAO's discussions with staff  
          at Legislative Counsel, LAO believes that this proposal  
          constitutes a state tax increase.  Legislative Counsel  
          staff have also advised LAO that if this proposal were to  
          be enacted, it would increase the state's funding  
          obligations under Proposition 98, a constitutional  
          provision mandating a set portion of the proceeds of state  
          taxes to be used to provide specified minimum funding  
          levels for public schools and community colleges.  The  
          Governor's budget proposal does not reflect this increased  
          obligation under Proposition 98.  Therefore, if the  
          Legislature were to approve the Governor's proposal, it  
          would create a Proposition 98 obligation, and therefore an  
          additional state cost, that is not now recognized in the  
          administration's budget plan. 





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          Recommend Rejection of the Surcharge Proposal.  LAO finds  
          that the Governor's proposal to fund certain emergency  
          response activities, largely involving wildland fire  
          protection, with revenues from the proposed insurance  
          surcharge is not a good approach.  LAO therefore recommends  
          that the proposal be rejected.  While the Governor's  
          proposal attempts to link a certain levy (the insurance  
          surcharge) to the benefits received by those paying it, LAO  
          thinks that there is a much clearer, more direct way of  
          making such a linkage.  As an alternative to the Governor's  
          proposed funding mechanism, LAO offers what it considers to  
          be a true fee-one that links the charge to the benefits  
          received directly by a defined, identifiable group of  
          property owners.

          If Legislature Enacts Surcharge, Retain Flexibility in Use  
          of Revenues.  Should the Legislature approve in concept an  
          insurance surcharge as a new tax revenue source, LAO would  
          then recommend that the surcharge revenues be deposited  
          into the General Fund, and that the use of such revenues be  
          governed by the Legislature's funding priorities for  
          General Fund revenues for the particular budget year being  
          considered. 

           Arguments in support  .  California Professional Firefighters  
          strongly supports SB 1258.  SB 1258 proposes a modest 4.8%  
          emergency response surcharge on all new or renewed  
          commercial and residential fire or multi-peril insurance  
          premiums in California.  The revenue that is generated by  
          this modest fee would be allocated directly to CALFIRE,  
          CalEMA and the military department, as well as directly to  
          local governments for the purpose of funding critical  
          emergency mutual aid response, equipment and other needed  
          resources.

          The fee proposed by SB 1258, which is linked to property  
          insurance policies, is absolutely the best nexus to fire  
          disaster response services given that it most accurately  
          reflects the risks and demands of those services.   Such  
          policy premiums are established based on the value of one's  
          property and the risk of where that property is located. SB  
          1258 proposes to use this same measure in determining how  
          best to assess the fee.
          
          It is no secret that California's mutual aid system is on  
          the brink of reaching its breaking point.  This is due, in  




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          part, to the squeezed economic climate at the local, state  
          and federal levels.  California is in a fiscal crisis and  
          is also facing a disaster response crisis -- as the events  
          in Santa Barbara, and the recent spate of earthquakes have  
          clearly shown. 

          Government's first responsibility is the safety of its  
          citizens. State and local responders are essential to  
          preserving this safety. SB 1258 ensures that a measure of  
          the state's disaster response system is maintained, and  
          that the doctrine of "local control" doesn't result in  
          gaping holes in our critical statewide disaster response.

          SB 1258 will dramatically help improve our state's overall  
          emergency preparedness and response capabilities, and in  
          turn, it will proactively help first responders fulfill  
          their sworn duty to save lives and property.  Ultimately,  
          SB 1258 will benefit Californians statewide -- north,  
          south, coastal, inland, rural and urban -- by satisfying  
          all levels of the mutual aid system.

          The League of California Cities has a Support if Amended  
          position on SB 1258.  The League argues that the bill does  
          not adequately ensure that the funding designated to assist  
          emergency response agencies will be spent as intended.  As  
          such, the League respectfully requests that amendments be  
          adopted that will make the appropriation from the Emergency  
          Response Fund to these agencies automatic and continuous.   
          In addition, the League requests a further amendment that  
          would decrease the surcharge by 31.3 percent should  
          revenues intended for local governments be diverted for  
          another purpose.

           Arguments in opposition  .  The Howard Jarvis Taxpayers  
          Association argues that SB 1258 is clearly a tax because it  
          fails to meet the definition of a true fee.  Money that  
          goes into the "Emergency Response Fund" established by the  
          bill to support firefighting efforts is far more likely to  
          support rural rather than urban residents.  It also fails  
          to mitigate harm to the fee payer or establish a regulatory  
          program.  The tax frees up money allowing legislators to  
          devote even more funds to developing new programs and  
          expanding government.  We are pleased that the Legislative  
          Counsel has recognized the lack of a nexus in this bill and  
          has appropriately keyed it as a two-thirds vote tax.





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                           PRIOR/RELATED LEGISLATION

          AB 2601 (Jeffries), 2009-2010 Legislative Session  .  Enacts  
          the California Emergency Fire and Rescue Apparatus Funding  
          Act of 2010.  Deposits $45.6 million, annually, to the  
          General Fund from the funds received from accessing oil and  
          gas reserves located beneath state coastal waters,  
          generally, known as the "T-Ridge Project", to be expended  
          for firefighting purposes, as specified. 
           
          ABX8 36 (Ma), 8th Extraordinary Session of 2009  .  SB 1258  
          is identical to ABX8 36.  (Never heard in committee or on  
          the floor before the 8th Extraordinary Session concluded.)

           AB 196 (Budget), 2009-2010 Legislative Session  .  This bill  
          provides for the following:  (1)  Emergency Response  
          Surcharge  .  Establishes a 4.8 percent surcharge on all new  
          or renewed commercial and residential fire and multiperil  
          property insurance policies issued or renewed on or after  
          January 1, 2010.  There is no penalty on insurers if  
          collection does not begin prior to July 1, 2010; (2)  
           Emergency Response Fund  .  Revenues created by this  
          surcharge will be deposited into the newly established  
          Emergency Response Fund for use for emergency activities of  
          the California Emergency Management Agency, the Department  
          of Forestry and Fire Protection, and the Military  
          Department; (3)   Emergency Response Grants .  Establishes  
          the Local Government Mutual Aid Enhancement Program to  
          provide local agencies additional funding to enhance or  
          sustain fire and rescue disaster mutual aid capacity to  
          combat the effects of emergencies and disasters.  Local  
          agencies will receive 31.3 percent of revenues deposited  
          into the Emergency Response Fund beginning July 1, 2010;  
          and, (4)  Refunds to Customers  .  Ensures that, if a property  
          insurance policy is cancelled prior to the start of the  
          coverage period, the consumer receives a refund of the  
          surcharge.  If the policy is cancelled after the coverage  
          period begins, the surcharge is not refunded.  (Died in  
          Senate Rules Committee.)
          
           SUPPORT:   As of April 9, 2010:

          Alameda County Fire Department
          Bakersfield Fire Department
          Belmont-San Carlos Fire Department




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          Big Bear Lake Fire Protection District
          Brea Fire Services Department
          Burbank Fire Department
          Butte County Fire Chiefs Association
          California Fire Chiefs Association (Co-sponsor)
          California Professional Firefighters (Co-sponsor)
          Central County Fire Department
          Contra Costa County Fire Department
          Cosumnes Fire Department
          Fire Districts Association of California (Co-sponsor)
          Folsom Fire Department
          Kentfield Fire Protection District
          Kings County Fire Department
          Mariposa County Fire Department
          Meeks Bay Fire Protection District
          Montecito Fire Protection District
          North County (San Mateo) Fire Authority
          Novato Fire District
          Palm Springs City Fire Department
          Rialto Fire Department
          San Bernardino County Fire Chiefs Association
          San Diego County Fire Chiefs Association
          San Diego Rural Fire Protection District
          San Jose Fire Department
          Shasta Lake Fire protection District
          West Covina Fire Department
          Windsor Fire Protection District
           
          OPPOSE:   As of April 9, 2010

          Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association

           DUAL REFERRAL:   Senate Banking, Finance and Insurance  
          Committee
           
          FISCAL COMMITTEE:   Senate Appropriations Committee



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