BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    




            SENATE REVENUE & TAXATION COMMITTEE

            Senator Lois Wolk, Chair

                                                       SB 1272 - Wolk

                                                 Amended: April 5, 2010

                                                                       

            Hearing: April 14, 2010                         Fiscal: Yes




            SUMMARY:  Enacts Reforms to Future Bills Adding Tax Credits

            

                 EXISTING LAW provides various tax credits designed to  
            provide incentives for taxpayers that incur certain  
            expenses, such as child adoption, or to influence behavior,  
            including business practices and decisions, such as  
            research and development credits and Geographically  
            Targeted Economic Development Area credits.  The  
            Legislature typically enacts such tax incentives to  
            encourage taxpayers to do something but for the tax credit,  
            they would otherwise not do

                 THIS BILL provides that any bill that enacts a credit  
            against the Personal Income Tax Law or Corporation Tax Law  
            for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2011,  
            that the measure contain:

                             Specific goals, purposes, and objectives  
                      that the tax credit will achieve
                             Detailed performance indicators for the  
                      Legislature to use when measuring whether the tax  
                      credit met its specific goals, purposes, and  
                      objectives.

                             Data collection requirements to enable  
                      the Legislature to determine whether the tax  
                      credit is meeting or failing to meet its detailed  








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                      performance indicators.  The requirements shall  
                      include specific data to be collected and  
                      remitted, and the specific taxpayers, state  
                      agencies, or other entities required to collect  
                      and remit data.

                             A five-year sunset.

                 THIS BILL also makes findings regarding tax  
            preferences generally and their current fiscal impact on  
            federal and state governments.


            FISCAL EFFECT: 

                 The Franchise Tax Board estimates that bill does not  
            have an impact on revenue because, by itself, it would not  
            affect revenue.  It may be that the enactment of this bill  
            will lead to the adoption of legislation in the future  
            which have smaller revenue losses than would have occurred  
            in the absence of this bill being enacted.  But any revenue  
            increase from that (potential) future legislation would be  
            wholly attributed to that future legislation, and not to  
            this bill.


            COMMENTS:

            A.   Purpose of the Bill

                 According to the Author, "Today's public finance  
            system in California requires major reform.  While I have  
            pursued changing our budgeting system to apply performance  
            measurements for spending programs, I am trying to do the  
            same with SB 1272, which applies a performance-based  
            methodology to future tax expenditures enacted by the  
            state.  There is no good reason not to evaluate tax  
            expenditure programs with the same rigor that we use when  
            judging spending decisions, especially when California's  
            tax preference portfolio now exceeds $41 billion, equal to  
            half of our total revenue.  While we cannot change existing  
            tax preferences, we can at least start keeping better track  








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            of future tax preferences."



            B.   Tax Preferences

                 Tax preferences have grown in federal and state  
            governments, bringing additional scrutiny during these  
            times of fiscal stress.  As noted in the findings:

                 (a) Government at all levels enact tax preferences to  
                 promote equity among taxpayers and enhance economic  
                 growth in a way that is inexpensive to administer and  
                 provide direct benefits to taxpayers.

                 (b) National and state public finance experts  
                 recommend that tax preferences be evaluated alongside  
                 direct spending programs, as both are public  
                 initiatives meant to accomplish specified goals.

                 (c) Revenue losses attributable to federal tax  
                 preferences exceed any other category of federal  
                 spending, including defense, Medicaid and Medicare,  
                 Social Security, debt service, or discretionary  
                 spending

                 (d) California now foregoes more than $41 billion in  
                 revenue from tax preferences, according to the  
                 Department of Finance.

                 (e) Many current tax preferences contain neither  
                 sunset provisions, nor goals and objectives to measure  
                 the performance of the tax preference.

                 (f) Many current tax preferences neither require  
                 taxpayers to submit data demonstrating the tax  
                 preference's effectiveness, nor for state agencies to  
                 collect and send data to the Legislature to evaluate  
                 the tax preference.

                 (g) The Legislature should apply the same level of  
                 review and performance measurement that it applies to  








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                 spending programs to tax preference programs  



            C.   Reach Out and Touch Someone

                 SB 1272 applies to tax expenditures enacted on or  
            after January 1, 2011 by applying specified requirements,  
            including a mandatory five-year sunset.  SB 1272 could  
            apply these requirements to existing tax preferences, but  
            doing so in a way that would restrict the eligibility of a  
            taxpayer to claim a credit would trigger the 2/3 vote as a  
            tax increase.  Additionally, SB 1272 applies only  
            contingently to forthcoming measures; a future Legislature  
            could waive the section of law put in place by SB 1272, as  
            this Legislature cannot affirmatively bind future ones  
            under County of Los Angeles v. State of California (1984)  
            153 Cal.App.3d 568, 573.



            D.   Amendments Needed

                 Committee Staff in consultation with Franchise Tax  
            Board recommends the following amendments:

                   Instead of referring to bills that enact tax  
                 credits effective for taxable years on or after  
                 January 1, 2011, the measure should refer to bills  
                 introduced on or after January 1, 2011
                   The measure applies to measures which "authorize a  
                 credit," but should instead refer to bills  
                 "authorizing a new credit."

                   To clarify the intent of the measure, the measure  
                 should include specific requirements for baseline data  
                 prior to enactment of the credit; with data to be  
                 collected during the years the credit is effective to  
                 measure the change in the performance indicators.  

                   The sunset provisions should be amended to provide  
                 that the credit endures for five taxable years instead  








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                 of five years from the enactment date, with a repeal  
                 date that is the second January 1st after the  
                 operative period.  


            Support and Opposition

                 Support:California Labor Federation (sponsor);  
            California Professional Firefighters; California Nurses  
            Association; Western Center on Law and Poverty; American  
            Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees,  
            AFL-CIO



                 Oppose:California Taxpayers' Association



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            Consultant: Colin Grinnell