BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1282|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1282
          Author:   Steinberg (D)
          Amended:  4/28/10
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE BUS., PROF. & ECON. DEVEL. COMMITTEE  :  5-3, 5/3/10
          AYES:  Negrete McLeod, Correa, Florez, Oropeza, Yee
          NOES:  Wyland, Aanestad, Walters
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Calderon


           SUBJECT  :    Applied behavior analysis services:  California  
          Behavioral 
                      Certification Organization

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill creates the California Behavioral  
          Certification Organization (CBCO) and provides for the  
          certification of applied behavior analysts and applied  
          behavior analyst assistants by the CBCO.

           ANALYSIS  :    

           Existing law  

          1. Licenses and regulates the practice of psychotherapy  
             preformed by marriage and family therapists (MFTs),  
             licensed educational psychologists (LEPs), and licensed  
             clinical social workers (LCSWs) by the Board of  
             Behavioral Sciences (BBS) within the Department of  
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             Consumer Affairs (DCA).  Beginning January 1, 2012, the  
             BBS will additionally license professional clinical  
             counselors (LPCCs).

          2. Licenses and regulates various health care professions  
             including physicians and surgeons, psychologists,  
             speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists,  
             physical therapists by the various healing arts boards  
             within the DCA.

          3. California law does not license, certify or specifically  
             regulate applied behavioral analysis services.

          This bill:

          1. Provides that "applied behavior analysis services"  
             includes the following functions:

             A.    Designing, implementing, and evaluating  
                systematic instructional and environmental  
                modifications to produce social improvements in  
                the behavior of individuals or groups.

             B.    Applying the principles, methods, and  
                procedures of behavior analysis.

             C.    Utilizing contextual factors and establishing  
                operations, antecedent stimuli, positive  
                reinforcement, other consequences, and other  
                behavior analysis procedures to help people  
                develop new behaviors, increase or decrease  
                existing behaviors, and emit behaviors under  
                specific environmental conditions.

             D.    Assessing functional relations between behavior  
                and environmental factors.

             E.    Using procedures based on scientific research  
                and the direct observation and measurement of  
                behavior and environment.

             F.    Determining whether a nonlicensed or  
                noncertified individual shall be deemed as  
                qualified to perform all of the functions under  

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                this subdivision subject to his or her  
                supervision.

             G.    Excludes from the specified functions:   
                psychological testing, neuropsychology,  
                psychotherapy, sex therapy, psychoanalysis,  
                hypnotherapy, and long-term counseling.

             H.    Applies the definition regardless of the source  
                of payment or reimbursement.

          2. Establishes the CBCO and specifies that the CBCO shall  
             be a nonprofit corporation exempt from taxation under  
             Section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 of the United States Code.  
              Provides that the CBCO may commence authorized  
             activities once it has submitted a request to the  
             Internal Revenue Service and the Franchise Tax Board  
             seeking the exemption.  Authorizes the CBCO to take any  
             reasonable actions to carry out the responsibilities and  
             duties in the chapter, including, but not limited to,  
             hiring staff and entering into contracts.

          3. Provides that the CBCO shall include the following  
             members:

             A.    Two representatives from each professional  
                society, association, or other entity whose  
                membership is comprised of applied behavior  
                analysts and that has a membership in California or  
                on a national basis of at least 1,000 individuals  
                for the last three years and that requires its  
                members to abide by a code of ethics.

             B.    Additional persons shall be included on the  
                board of directors as established by the CBCO  
                bylaws.

             C.    Additional members of the board of directors may  
                include certified behavior analysts and at least  
                two consumer or public members.

          4. Provides that the CBCO shall establish certification  
             fees that are reasonably related to the cost of  
             providing services and carrying out its ongoing  

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             responsibilities and duties.

          5. Provides that the meetings of the CBCO shall be subject  
             to the Bagley-Keene Open Meetings Act.

          6. Requires the CBCO to issue an "applied behavior analyst"  
             certificate to an applicant who submits a written  
             application, pays the required fees, and provides  
             satisfactory evidence that he or she meets either of the  
             following requirements:

             A.    Holds a current, valid certification in applied  
                behavior analysis from the Behavior Analyst  
                Certification Board (BACB) or another organization  
                accredited by the National Commission for  
                Certifying Agencies (NCCA) or American National  
                Standards Institute (ANSI) whose mission is to meet  
                professional credentialing needs identified by  
                behavior analysts, governments, and consumers of  
                behavior analysis services.

             B.    Possesses a master's or doctorate degree in  
                applied behavior analysis or a related field, and  
                demonstrates three years of experience in the last  
                five years of providing those functions specified  
                in Item #1) above, to individuals, either as an  
                independent professional or as an employee of an  
                organization.

          7. Requires the CBCO to issue an "applied behavior analyst  
             assistant" certificate to an applicant who submits a  
             written application, pays the required fees, and  
             provides satisfactory evidence that he or she meets  
             either of the following requirements:

             A.    Holds a current, valid certification as an  
                assistant behavior analysis from the BACB or  
                another organization accredited by the NCCA or ANSI  
                whose mission is to meet professional credentialing  
                needs identified by behavior analysts, governments,  
                and consumers of behavior analysis services.

                B.       Possesses a bachelor's degree in applied  
                   behavior analysis or a related field, and  

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                   demonstrates three years of experience in the  
                   last five years of providing those functions  
                   specified in Item #2) above, to individuals,  
                   either as an independent professional or as an  
                   employee of an organization.

          8. Provides that a certificate shall be subject to renewal  
             in a manner prescribed by the CBCO and shall expire  
             unless renewed every two years.  Further, authorizes the  
             CBCO to provide for the late renewal of a certification.

          9. Authorizes the CBCO to receive factual information as a  
             condition of taking any action, and to conduct oral  
             interviews or make any investigation deemed necessary to  
             establish the accuracy of any information.

          10.Provides that an applied behavior analyst shall maintain  
             that certification only by meeting the CBCO requirements  
             for continuing education and ethical standards. 

          11.Prohibits the CBCO from issuing certificates prior to  
             September 1, 2011.

          12.Provides for the CBCO to require an applicant to submit  
             fingerprints, and establish a procedure consistent with  
             state law to obtain background information on  
             applicants.

          13.Authorizes the CBCO to discipline a certificate holder,  
             as specified, and establishes various grounds for  
             discipline against a certificate holder or for denial of  
             a certificate to an applicant.

          14.Provides that discipline or denial of a certificate or  
             registration by CBCO must be in keeping with specific  
             procedures, and that denial or discipline not in keeping  
             with the procedures is void and without effect.  

          15.Provides that it is an unfair business practice for any  
             person to advertise or represent to the public, that he  
             or she is certified, registered, or licensed by a  
             governmental agency as an applied behavior analyst or  
             applied behavior analyst assistant.


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          16.Provides that it is an unfair business practice for any  
             person to hold himself or herself out or use the title  
             of "certified applied behavior analyst" or "certified  
             applied behavior analyst assistant" or any other term,  
             such as "licensed," "registered," "CABA" or "CABAA" or  
             any term that implies or suggests that the person is  
             certified as an applied behavior analyst or applied  
             behavior analyst assistant without meeting the  
             certification requirements.

          17.Requires the CBCO to make available to the public the  
             current status certificate holders; requires the CBCO to  
             maintain on its Internet Website information updated  
             annually related to implementation of the chapter.

          18.Provides that nothing under this law shall be construed  
             to:

             A.    Prevent behavior analysis service providers who  
                are vendorized by one of the California Regional  
                Centers or hold state accredited nonpublic agency  
                status from developing, providing, or supervising  
                applied behavior analysis consistent with the  
                requirements of their Regional Center vendorization  
                or nonpublic agency certification or accreditation,  
                provided their practice of behavior analysis is  
                commensurate with their level of training and  
                experience, and they do not hold themselves out to  
                the public by any title or description stating or  
                implying that they are Certified Behavior Analysts,  
                that they are "certified" to practice behavior  
                analysis if they are not in fact certified, or that  
                they are recognized or certified by the state to  
                practice applied behavior analysis.

             B.    Require certification, licensure, recognition,  
                or authorization to provide applied behavior  
                analysis services nor to add to or increase  
                requirements for providing those services.

          19.Subjects the CBCO to the "sunset review process"  
             conducted by the Joint Committee on Boards, Commissions,  
             and Consumer Protection (Joint Committee), and  
             accordingly sunsets these provisions on January 1, 2017.

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           Background
           
           Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)  .  Autism and ASDs  
          are neurodevelopment disorders that typically last  
          throughout a person's lifetime and may cause significant  
          impairments in language, communications, play and social  
          interactions, abnormalities in behaviors, and other  
          physical manifestations.  ASDs represent the spectrum of  
          these disabilities and include Autistic Disorder (or  
          classic autism), Asperger Syndrome, Pervasive Developmental  
          Syndrome and others.  ASD manifests itself in various ways,  
          including difficulty in using and understanding language;  
          poorly developed social skills; over- and-under sensitivity  
          to sound, sight, taste, touch or smell; repetitive  
          behaviors; difficulty with changes in surroundings or  
          routines; and uneven skill development.

           Increase of ASDs  .  According to the Centers for Disease  
          Control and Prevention (CDC), more children than ever  
          before are being classified as having ASDs.  It is unclear,  
          however, how much of this increase may be attributed to  
          changes in identifying and classifying ASDs.  The CDC  
          states, that by current standards ASDs are the second most  
          common serious developmental disability after mental  
          retardation/intellectual impairment, but still less common  
          than other conditions that affect children's development,  
          such as speech and language impairments, learning  
          disabilities, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder  
          (ADHD).  According to data from the California Health  
          Interview Survey, it is estimated that more than 36,000  
          children age 3-11 had autism in 2005.  The State Department  
          of Developmental Services (DDS) indicates that the  
          population of persons with autism in California's  
          developmental services system rose by 634 percent from 1987  
          and 2002, and nearly doubled in the four years from 1998 to  
          2002.

          ASDs is the fastest growing serious developmental  
          disability and now impacts one out of every 150 children in  
          the United States; also, most school districts in  
          California have seen a doubling of students with ASDs in  
          the past five years.


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           Resources for Families with Autistic Children  .  Children  
          with autism are served by a number of government and  
          private entities:  regional centers and the Department of  
          Developmental Services; schools, school districts, and the  
          Department of Education.  Health care service plans and  
          insurers are required under mental health parity laws to  
          provide benefits on a par with physical illness, although  
          coverage of specific benefits and treatments has been  
          unclear.  In addition, the California Center for Autism and  
          Developmental Disabilities Research and Epidemiology  
          (CADDRE), a government-provider partnership, conducts  
          surveillance and research on ASD, as well as creates  
          information on autism in multiple languages.

           Lanterman Act and Regional Centers  .  In the late 1960s and  
          '70s, the Lanterman Act established California's system of  
          care for persons with developmental disabilities, including  
          ASD, which consists of 21 regional centers and five state  
          developmental centers where people are assessed for  
          developmental disabilities and, if they qualify, are served  
          for life by a regional center.  Children age three and  
          older may be served through this system.

          A Senate Human Services Committee analysis of AB 1478 of  
          2006 (an autism-related measure) notes that, over the last  
          decade, overall regional center caseload has grown by 68.9  
          percent, as compared to the state's overall growth rate of  
          17.2 percent for a comparable period.  The Department of  
          Developmental Service's Fact Book for 2005, indicates that  
          currently 15.1 percent of the regional center caseload is  
          described as autistic while only 5.3 percent were so  
          described a decade ago.

           Early Start  .  Implemented by DDS and regional centers, in  
          collaboration with the Department of Education, local  
          education agencies, and other state agencies, the Early  
          Start program serves children under the age of three, who  
          may receive early intervention services if they have a  
          developmental delay in either cognitive, communication,  
          social or emotional, adaptive, or physical and motor  
          development, including vision and hearing, or have certain  
          risk conditions for these delays.

          Under Early Start, eligible individuals may receive  

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          screening and assessment; case management; family training,  
          counseling, and home visits; health, nutrition, nursing,  
          physical therapy, psychological, speech and language, and  
          transportation services, among other services.

           Local Education Agencies  .  Children age three to 21 may  
          receive specialized instruction and related services  
          through local education agencies, through the development  
          of an individualized education program.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/5/10)

          Alliance of California Autism Organizations (if amended)
          Behavioral intervention Association (if amended)
          Center for Autism and Related Disorders (if amended)
          Sacramento based ABC Schools (if amended)

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/5/10)

          California Association of Health Plans
          California Psychological Association

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          "Currently there are no standards, criteria, or  
          professional requirements that indicate the level of  
          education, training, experience and other professional  
          factors that reflect on the background and qualifications  
          of individuals who currently provide ABA services.   
          Furthermore, the ABA profession lacks any form of  
          recognition or standing within the California Business and  
          Professions Code.  During the past decade, there has been  
          increasing evidence that ABA therapy is an important and  
          valuable therapeutic intervention in the treatment of  
          medical conditions such as ASD.  Consequently, there has  
          been an extensive increase in the practices of this  
          profession throughout California.  However, consumers may  
          face significant difficulties and challenges in making an  
          informed decision with regard to these programs and  
          services.  Specifically, some consumers may lack adequate  
          information by which they can choose an ABA provider and/or  
          ABA services in an informed manner.  Consequently, in some  

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          cases, these ABA programs may be designed, supervised,  
          and/or implemented by individuals who lack the appropriate  
          training and educational background.  SB 1282 is an initial  
          step in providing professional standards and guidelines for  
          ABA services that will assist consumers in making more  
          informed decisions."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    This bill is opposed by the  
          California Association of Health Plans (CAHP), who states  
          that those dealing with developmental disabilities and  
          mental health conditions often need additional supportive  
          services to help them with housing, everyday living skills  
          and education.  Unfortunately, the state lacks clear  
          guidelines for who is responsible for providing many of  
          these services, creating great confusion for families and  
          those living with developmental disabilities and mental  
          illness.  CAHP opposes the bill because it appears to  
          require health plans to pay for educational services in  
          addition to the health care and mental health care that  
          health plans already provide.  Shifting responsibility for  
          educational and other non-medical services to health plans  
          would create a costly new mandate that would cause already  
          increasing health insurance costs to skyrocket, according  
          to CAHP.  

          CAHP is concerned that while the bill focuses on the  
          certification of providers of ABA, the bill links those  
          providers to payments by health plans and insurers.  CAHP  
          states that because ABA helps children learn everyday life  
          and social skills, most health plans do not consider  
          educational services like ABA to be a covered service under  
          the terms and conditions of their contracts, and notes that  
          the American Academy of Pediatrics lists ABA as an  
          educational service

          JJA:do  5/5/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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