BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    




                         SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Gloria Romero, Chair
                           2009-2010 Regular Session
                                        


          BILL NO:       SB 1301
          AUTHOR:        Simitian
          INTRODUCED:    February 19, 2010
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  April 14, 2010
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Kathleen Chavira

           SUBJECT  :  Student Records
          
           KEY POLICY ISSUE  

          Should a student's permanent record be required to include  
          a unique pupil identifier?

           
          SUMMARY  

          This bill requires the State Board of Education (SBE) to  
          ensure that permanent pupil records include a unique pupil  
          identifier in order to achieve specified outcomes. 

           BACKGROUND  

          Current law requires school districts to establish,  
          maintain, and destroy pupil records according to  
          regulations adopted by the State Board of Education (SBE).   
          Among other things, these regulations are to establish  
          state policy as to what items of information shall be  
          placed into pupil records. (Education Code  49062)

           ANALYSIS
           
           This bill  requires the SBE to ensure that permanent pupil  
          records include a unique pupil identifier in order to:

          1)   Improve the quality of statewide longitudinal data.

          2)   Enable local educational agencies to readily determine  
               the unique identity of pupils upon their enrollment.

          3)   Better enable the linking of cross-segmental data  
               within a P-20 data warehouse. 





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           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  .  According to the author, ongoing  
               California efforts, existing California law, and  
               assurances provided to secure funding from 
                
                the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), all  
               support the need to link K-12 and higher education  
               records.  Currently, information about students in  
               California's public education system is collected and  
               stored in as many as 150 separate data systems.  While  
               these data systems provide very useful information  
               with respect to specific segments, there is a need to  
               bring this information together in a manner that  
               allows for tracking student achievement from preschool  
               through university (P-20) in order to evaluate program  
               outcomes and to ensure the best use of limited  
               education dollars. According to the author, this bill  
               provides an efficient and effective means of linking  
               K-12 records with higher education by ensuring that  
               the unique student identifier is maintained in the  
               permanent pupil record.

           2)   Permanent Pupil Record  .  Each school district is  
               required to maintain indefinitely all mandatory  
               permanent pupil records or an exact copy thereof for  
               every pupil who was enrolled in a school program  
               within the district, and to forward the record, or a  
               copy, upon request of the public or private school in  
               which the student is enrolling. The permanent pupil  
               record must include;  the pupil's legal name, date of  
               birth, method of verification of the birth date, sex,  
               place of birth, name and address of the parent of a  
               minor pupil (and address of pupil if different as well  
               as annual verification of parent name and address and  
               pupil residence)
               entering and leaving dates of each school year, summer  
               session or other extra session, subjects taken during  
               each year, half-year, summer session, or quarter, the  
               mark or number of credits toward graduation allowed  
               for work taken, verification of or exemption from  
               required immunizations, and date of high school  
               graduation or equivalent. These elements of the  
               Permanent Pupil Record are defined in the California  
               Code of Regulations, Title 5, Section 432 (b)(1).    
               This bill would additionally require the inclusion of  





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               a unique student identifier in the Permanent Pupil  
               Record maintained by school districts.

           3)   Related state activity  .  The importance of a unique  
               student identifier and the need to link information  
               across a P-20 network has been reinforced through  
               several legislatively directed efforts, including:

                        SB 1453 (Alpert, Chapter 1002, Statutes of  
               2002) authorized the
                    creation of the California Longitudinal Pupil  
                    Achievement Data System (CALPADS) to provide  
                    school districts and CDE with the data necessary  
                    to comply with federal reporting requirements  
                    under No Child Left Behind.  The bill required  
                    that a unique pupil identifier be assigned to  
                    each K-12 student enrolled in a California public  
                    school.

                        SB 1298 (Simitian, Chapter 561, Statutes of  
                    2008), the Education Data and Information Act of  
                    2008, established a process by which local  
                    education agencies and public institutions of  
                    higher education issue, maintain, and report  
                    information using the unique statewide student  
                    identifiers required under current law.  The bill  
                    among other things, required the State Chief  
                    Information Officer (CIO) to 

                    convene a working group to create a strategic  
                    plan to link education data systems from all  
                    segments.  

                        SB 19 (Simitian, Chapter 159, Statutes of  
                    2009) added an additional issue, to identify  
                    specific procedures and policies that would  
                    facilitate the sharing and transfer of data from  
                    one segment to another and ultimately to include  
                    linkages to workforce data, to the strategic plan  
                    being created by the CIO working group  
                    established by SB 1298 (Simitian, 2008).  It also  
                    authorized the use of federal grant funds,  
                    received pursuant to the American Recovery and  
                    Reinvestment Act  of 2009 (ARRA) and provided for  
                    statewide data systems, to fund the activities  
                    required of the CIO working group.   






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                        SBX5 2 (Simitian, Chapter 1, Statutes of  
                    2010), among other things, declared the  
                    Legislature's intent to create a preschool  
                    through higher education (P-20) statewide  
                    longitudinal educational data system in order to  
                    inform education policy and improve instruction  
                    and to be used for state-level research to  
                    improve instruction and to require the State  
                    Department of Education, the Commission on  
                    Teacher Credentialing, the California Community  
                    Colleges, the University of California, the  
                    California State University, and any other state  
                    education agency to be required to disclose, or  
                    redisclose, personally identifiable pupil records  
                    to this P-20 system.
                
           1)   Related national efforts.  The need for a unique  
               student identifier and the ability to link student  
               information across a P-20 network is the focus of  
               several current national efforts.  These include: 

                        The Data Quality Campaign (DQC), created in  
                    2005, is a national, collaborative effort to  
                    encourage and support education policymakers to  
                    improve the collection, availability and use of  
                    data and to implement state longitudinal data  
                    systems to improve student achievement.  For the  
                    past four years, the DQC's annual survey has  
                    tracked state progress in implementing the 10  
                    Essential Elements to ensure that policymakers  
                    and educators have the longitudinal data systems  
                    capable of providing timely, valid and relevant  
                    data to inform decisions. According to the DQC,  
                    California currently meets 8 of the 10 essential  
                    elements.  One of the unmet elements is the  
                    ability to match P-12 student-level data to  
                    higher education data.

                        The federal America COMPETES Act of 2007  
                    codified the twelve elements of a P-16 education  
                    data system and among other things, requires a  
                    unique student identifier and the capacity to  
                    communicate with higher education data systems.   
                    Additionally it requires the use of system data  
                    to inform policy and practice to 







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                    better align State standards and curricula with  
                    the demands of postsecondary education, the  
                    workforce and the Armed Forces. 

                        In 2009, the American Recovery and  
                    Reinvestment Act (ARRA) required states, as a  
                    condition of receiving State Fiscal Stabilization  
                    Funds (SFSF), to provide, among other things,  
                    assurances regarding "Improving collection and  
                    use of data."  More specifically, states were  
                    required to provide an assurance that they would  
                    establish a longitudinal data system that  
                    included the 12 elements described in the America  
                    COMPETES Act.   California, in return for its  
                    receipt of SFSF funds, is obligated to provide a  
                    certain amount of data reporting to the federal  
                    government that relies on the linkage of P-20  
                    data. 

                        The Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems  
                    (SLDS) grant program, authorized by the federal  
                    Educational Technical Assistance Act of 2002, is  
                    designed to aid state education agencies in  
                    developing and implementing longitudinal data  
                    systems.  AARA provided $245 million for the SLDS  
                    grant program to be awarded in 2010.   
                    California's grant proposal includes a request  
                    for $20 million to fund various data related  
                    activities.  However, the bulk of funding is  
                    proposed to be used to create a longitudinal P-20  
                    education data warehouse.  The recipients of  
                    these awards are expected to be announced in  
                    April or May of 2010.

                        In 2009, the federal Department of Education  
                    issued an invitation to the states to compete for  
                    approximately $4.35 billion of ARRA one-time  
                    funding as Race to the Top (RTTT) grants to be  
                    distributed in two phases. Among other things,  
                    the RTTT applications required demonstration of  
                    an assurance regarding the creation of data  
                    systems to measure student success and support  
                    instruction.  California was not among the  
                    winners in the first phase of grants awarded in  
                    March 2010.  Among the reviewer comments on a  
                    number of elements of the California application,  
                    it was noted that California reports that it  





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                    currently only had 3 of the 12 America COMPETES  
                    Act elements in place in its longitudinal data  
                    system. 

           SUPPORT  

          Bay Area Council 
          Children Now
          Fight Crime: Invest in Kids California

           OPPOSITION

           None received.