BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1390
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          Date of Hearing:   June 22, 2010

                            ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HEALTH
                              William W. Monning, Chair
                    SB 1390 (Corbett) - As Amended:  June 15, 2010

           SENATE VOTE  :  Not relevant 
           
          SUBJECT  :  Prescription drug labels.  

           SUMMARY  :  Repeals the requirement of the Board of Pharmacy  
          (Board) to promulgate regulations that require a standardized,  
          patient-centered, prescription drug label on all prescription  
          medications dispensed to patients in California on or before  
          January 1, 2011 and instead requires the board to develop and  
          post specified language translations on its Web site, imposes  
          specified requirements on prescription drug labels, and requires  
          pharmacies to provide specified interpreter services to  
          patients.  Specifically,  this bill  :  

          1)Makes legislative findings and declarations regarding the  
            prevalence of medication errors and attributes these errors to  
            language barriers. 

          2)Repeals the requirement of the Board to promulgate  
            regulations, on or before January 1, 2011, that require a  
            standardized, patient-centered, prescription drug label on all  
            prescription medications dispensed to patients in California.   


          3)Requires the Board to develop, collect, and publish the  
            following on its Internet Web site on or before January 1,  
            2012:  
           
             a)   Translations for directions for use, as specified, in a  
               minimum of 14 languages, to include all of the non-English  
               languages identified by the Medi-Cal Managed Care Division  
               within the Department of Health Care Services (DHCS) for  
               translation in vital documents, as well as any other  
               primary languages for groups of 10,000 or more with  
               limited-English-proficient persons in California; and,

             b)   Examples of labels, as specified, to aid pharmacies in  
               label design and compliance.









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          4)Requires all prescription drug labels on all prescription  
            drugs dispensed to patients in California to conform to the  
            following standardized, patient-centered format, on and after  
            January 1, 2012:

             a)   Specified information must be clustered into one area of  
               the label that comprises at least 50% of the label, printed  
               in at least a 12-point sans serif typeface, and listed in  
               specified order, and requires these items to be highlighted  
               in bold typeface, color, or use of a blank space, for added  
               emphasis;

             b)   Remaining elements required for the label, as specified,  
               shall be printed so as not to interfere with the legibility  
               or emphasis of the primary elements, as specified, and  
               authorizes the remaining elements to appear in any style,  
               font, and size typeface; and,

             c)   Specified phrases shall be used in appropriate language  
               of the patient, when applicable.
          5)Exempts these requirements for prescriptions dispensed to a  
            patient in a specified health facility if the prescriptions  
            are administered by a licensed health care professional. 

          6)States that prescriptions dispensed to a patient in a health  
            facility that are not administered by a licensed health care  
            professional or that are provided to the patient upon  
            discharge from the facility are subject to the requirements of  
            this bill. 

          7)States that nothing in this bill alters or diminishes existing  
            statutory and regulatory informed consent, patients' rights,  
            or pharmaceutical labeling and storage requirements,  
            including, but not limited to specified laws and regulations. 

          8)Defines "limited-English proficient" or "LEP," as a person who  
            does not speak English as his or her primary language, and who  
            has a limited ability to read, write, speak, or understand  
            English and who can read, speak, or understand a language  
            other than English.

          9)On or after January 1, 2012, requires each pharmacy to do the  
            following:  

             a)   Provide during all hours of business, competent  








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               interpreter services to each LEP patient at no charge and  
               allows services to be provided in person by pharmacy staff,  
               in person by a third-party interpreter service, or by  
               telephone or video conference using a third-party  
               interpreter service; and,

             b)   Develop written policies and procedures, as specified,  
               to help an LEP patient orally understand the information on  
               his or her prescription drug label, including specified  
               directions for use. 

          10)   Requires each pharmacy to provide LEP patients with any  
            other written information relevant to the prescription drug in  
            the language of each LEP patient on and after January 1, 2013.  
             

          11)   Requires each pharmacy to develop written policies and  
            procedures to carry out specified provisions, on or before  
            January 1, 2013.   

          12)   Requires the Board to promulgate any regulations necessary  
            to clarify the provisions of this bill. 

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of the practice of  
            pharmacy by the Board.  

          2)Requires the Board to do all of the following: 

             a)   Promulgate regulations that require a standardized,  
               patient-centered, prescription drug label on all  
               prescription medication dispensed to patients in  
               California.  The Board has to promulgate these regulations  
               on or before January 1, 2011; and,

             b)   Hold public meetings statewide that are separate from  
               its normally scheduled hearings in order to seek  
               information from groups representing consumers, senior  
               citizens, pharmacists or the practice of pharmacy, other  
               health care professionals, and other interested parties.
             c)   Consider all of the following factors when developing  
               the requirements for prescription drug labels:

               i)     Medical literacy research that points to increased  








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                 understandability of labels;

               ii)          Improved directions for use;

               iii)         Improved font types and sizes;

               iv)          Placement of information that is  
                 patient-centered;

               v)     The needs of those patients with limited English  
                 proficiency and the needs for seniors; and,

               vi)          Technology requirements necessary to implement  
                 the standards.

             d)   Report to the Legislature by January 1, 2013, the status  
               of implementation of the prescription drug label  
               requirements adopted pursuant to this bill. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   This bill has not been analyzed by a fiscal  
          committee.   

           COMMENTS  :   

           1)PURPOSE OF THIS BILL  .  According to the author, this bill  
            establishes patient-centered prescription labeling in  
            California, which will protect consumers from medication  
            errors.  The author cites a report from the Institute of  
            Medicine of the National Academies that states that medication  
            errors are the most common medical errors, harming at least  
            1.5 million people each year.  The author states that this  
            bill will minimize medication errors by ensuring that seniors  
            and individuals with LEP receive readable and adequate  
            information about their prescription drugs.   

           2)BACKGROUND  .  This bill is a follow-up measure to the author's  
            SB 472 (Corbett), Chapter 470, Statutes of 2007, the  
            California Patient Medication Safety Act, which requires the  
            Board to adopt regulations to create a patient-centered,  
            standard format for prescription drug labels that will take  
            into account the needs of California patients, including  
            seniors and LEP patients.  According to the author, the bill  
            was intended to make prescription drug labels easy to  
            understand by standardizing the information on them so as to  
            facilitate patient understanding of the information contained  








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            on these labels, thus reducing medication-related errors,  
            increasing prescription drug literacy, and improving the  
            health, safety, and well-being of consumers.  

          After holding several public meetings on the topic of  
            patient-centered labels on medication containers, the Board  
            approved the following regulations on June 10, 2010:  Labels  
            on drug containers dispensed to patients in California must be  
            clustered into one area of the label that comprises at least  
            50% of the label, using at least 10-point font using sans  
            serif typeface, listing these items in the following order:   
            Name of the patient; name of the drug and strength of the  
            drug, directions for use; and, purpose or condition, if  
            entered onto the prescription by the prescriber.  For added  
            emphasis, the label shall also highlight in bold or color, or  
            use blank space to set off the items listed.  The regulations  
            also require pharmacies to print those specified elements in  
            12-point font if requested by the patient.  The regulations  
            require pharmacies to provide LEP patients with oral  
            translation services at the time a prescription is filled,  
            requires the board to post standardized directions for use,  
            translated in at least five non-English languages, for use by  
            pharmacies, and requires the board to publish on its Web site  
            translation for specified directions for use into at least  
            five languages other than English, to assist California  
            Pharmacies.  The Board will re-evaluate these regulations by  
            December 2013 to ensure optimal conformance.    
           
           3)SUPPORT  .  The Consumers Union (CU) supports this bill, which  
            it calls a common sense measure, essential to reducing  
            medication errors and fostering drug safety for California  
            patients.  CU states that after extensive hearings and town  
            halls around the state, the National Association of Boards of  
            Pharmacy, and numerous consumer groups recognized that a  
            minimum 12-point type was crucial to patient safety.  However,  
            according to supporters, the board instead voted to maintain a  
            10-point minimum.  Regarding translation of drug labels, the  
            board settled on providing interpreter services "if  
            applicable."  Supporters state that this bill will simply  
            require similar standards for patient-centered labels and  
            language interpretation that were originally proposed.  CU  
            states that readable drug labels will reduce costly and  
            sometimes lethal medication errors.  

           4)OPPOSITION  .  The California Retailers Association and the  








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            National Association of Chain Drug Stores oppose this bill as  
            it undermines the legislative and regulatory processes and  
            imposes several new requirements on pharmacies that are costly  
            and currently not available in the market place.  Regarding  
            the 12 point font requirement, opponents state that this  
            provision will impose significant costs on pharmacies and  
            unlike the recommendation of the Board, does not take into  
            account the difficulties of complying with such a requirement.  
             Additionally, opponents oppose to the translation  
            requirements in this bill, which they view as inappropriate  
            and may jeopardize patient safety.  

           5)DOUBLE REFERRAL  .  This bill has been double-referred.  Should  
            this bill pass out of this committee, it will be referred to  
            the Assembly Committee on Business, Professions, and Consumer  
            Protection.  
           
           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          Asian & Pacific Islander American Health Forum
          California Alliance for Retired Americans
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          California Labor Federation
          California Nurses Association/National Nurses Organizing  
          Committee
          Consumers Union
          National Health Law Program
          Pan-Ethnic Health Network

           Opposition 
           
          California Retailers Association
          National Association of Chain Drug Stores
          California Pharmacists Association
          Safeway
          Walgreens
          Rite Aid

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Martin Radosevich / HEALTH / (916)  
          319-2097 
           










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