BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1390
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          Date of Hearing:   June 29, 2010

              ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON BUSINESS, PROFESSIONS AND CONSUMER  
                                     PROTECTION
                                 Mary Hayashi, Chair
                    SB 1390 (Corbett) - As Amended:  June 15, 2010

           SENATE VOTE  :   32-0
           
          SUBJECT  :   Prescription drug labels.

           SUMMARY  :   Repeals the requirement that the Board of Pharmacy  
          (BOP) promulgate regulations requiring a standardized,  
          patient-centered, prescription drug label on all prescription  
          medications dispensed to patients in California on or before  
          January 1, 2011, and establishes requirements for standardized,  
          patient centered prescription drug labels.  Specifically,  this  
          bill  :   

          1)Deletes the requirement for BOP to promulgate regulations  
            requiring standardized, patient centered prescription drug  
            labels by January 1, 2011.

          2)Requires BOP to promulgate any regulations necessary to  
            clarify the provisions of this bill.

          3)Requires BOP to develop, collect, and publish on its Internet  
            Web site, by January 1, 2012:

             a)   Translations for directions for prescription medicine  
               use, as specified, in a minimum of 14 languages, to include  
               all of the non-English languages identified by the Medi-Cal  
               Managed Care Division within the State Department of Health  
               Care Services for translation in vital documents, as well  
               as any other primary languages for groups of 10,000 or more  
               with limited-English-proficient (LEP) persons in  
               California, to facilitate the use of those directions for  
               use by pharmacies in California; and,

             b)   Examples of labels conforming to the requirements  
               described in this bill to aid pharmacies in label design  
               and compliance.

          4)Requires all prescription drug labels on all prescription  
            drugs dispensed to patients in California to conform to the  








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            following standardized, patient-centered format by January 1,  
            2012: 

             a)   Each of the following elements shall be clustered into  
               one area of the label that comprises at least 50% of the  
               label.  Each item shall be printed in at least a 12-point  
               sans serif typeface and highlighted in a bold typeface or  
               color, or use a blank space to set off, and listed in the  
               following order:

               i)     Patient's name; 

               ii)    Drug's name and strength;

               iii)   Directions for use; and,

               iv)    Purpose or condition, if entered on the prescription  
                 by the prescriber or otherwise known to the pharmacy.

             b)   The remaining elements required for the label, as well  
               as any other items of information appearing on the label or  
               the container, shall be printed so as not to interfere with  
               the legibility or emphasis of the primary elements  
               specified.  These remaining elements may appear in any  
               style, font, and size typeface;

             c)   When applicable, directions for use shall utilize one of  
               the phrases indicated on BOP's Web site, and, when  
               appropriate, shall be in the language of the patient; and,

             d)   These requirements shall not apply to prescriptions  
               dispensed to a patient in a health facility, as specified,  
               if the prescriptions are administered by a licensed health  
               care professional.  However, prescriptions dispensed to a  
               patient in a health facility that will not be administered  
               by a licensed health care professional or that are provided  
               to the patient upon discharge from the facility are subject  
               to the requirements of this bill. 

          5)States that nothing in this bill shall alter or diminish  
            existing statutory and regulatory informed consent, patients'  
            rights, or pharmaceutical labeling and storage requirements.

          6)Requires a pharmacy to provide, by January 1, 2012, during all  
            hours when the pharmacy is open, competent interpreter  








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            services to each LEP patient in order to help an LEP  
            understand the information on his or her prescription drug  
            label.  The interpreter services may be provided in person by  
            pharmacy staff, in person by a third-party interpreter  
            service, or by telephone or video conference using a  
            third-party interpreter service.  A pharmacy shall develop  
            written policies and procedures to carry out this requirement  
            by January 1, 2013.

          7)Requires pharmacies, by January 1, 2012, to develop written  
            policies and procedures to help an LEP patient orally  
            understand the information on his or her prescription drug  
            label, including the directions for use, as specified.  The  
            policies and procedures shall include, at a minimum, the means  
            to:

             a)   Identify and record the patient's oral and written  
               language;

             b)   Provide language assistance services, including  
               interpreter services and translation services;

             c)   Train pharmacy staff on the policies and procedures;

             d)   Provide clear and prominent notice to LEP patients about  
               the availability of free language assistance services; and,

             e)   Monitor and update the relevant policies and procedures.

          8)Requires pharmacies to provide an LEP patient with any other  
            written information relevant to the prescription drug in the  
            language of the LEP patient by January 1, 2013.

          9)Defines the following terms for purposes of this bill:

             a)   "LEP" means a person who does not speak English as his  
               or her primary language, who has a limited ability to read,  
               write, speak, or understand English, and who can read,  
               speak, or understand a language other than English;

             b)   "Name of the drug" means the generic name of the drug  
               and, if applicable, the manufacturer's trade name; and,

             c)   "Appropriate dosage form" means the prescribed form of  
               the prescription medication and includes a pill, caplet,  








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               capsule, or tablet.

          10)Makes legislative findings and declarations.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Provides for the licensure and regulation of the practice of  
            pharmacy by BOP.  

          2)Requires BOP to do all of the following: 

             a)   Promulgate regulations that require a standardized,  
               patient-centered, prescription drug label on all  
               prescription medication dispensed to patients in California  
               by January 1, 2011; 

             b)   Hold public meetings statewide that are separate from  
               its normally scheduled hearings in order to seek  
               information from groups representing consumers, senior  
               citizens, pharmacists or the practice of pharmacy, other  
               health care professionals, and other interested parties;

             c)   Consider all of the following factors when developing  
               the requirements for prescription drug labels:

               i)     Medical literacy research that points to increased  
                 understandability of labels;

               ii)          Improved directions for use;

               iii)         Improved font types and sizes;

               iv)          Placement of information that is  
                 patient-centered;

               v)     The needs of LEP patients and seniors; and,

               vi)          Technology requirements necessary to implement  
                 the standards; and,

             d)   Report to the Legislature by January 1, 2013, the status  
               of implementation of the prescription drug label  
               requirements adopted pursuant to these requirements. 

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown








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           COMMENTS  :   

           Purpose of this bill  .  According to the author's office, "The  
          purpose of patient-centered prescription labeling is to protect  
          consumers from the serious consequences of medical errors when  
          they don't have the ability to read or understand prescription  
          drug labels.  Seniors and consumers with LEP are especially  
          vulnerable to this problem." 

           Background  .  This bill is a follow-up measure to the author's SB  
          472 (Corbett), Chapter 470, Statutes of 2007, the California  
          Patient Medication Safety Act.  SB 472 required BOP to adopt  
          regulations creating a patient-centered, standard format for  
          prescription drug labels that take into account the needs of  
          California patients, including seniors and LEP patients.   
          According to the author, the bill was intended to standardize  
          prescription drug labels to facilitate patient understanding,  
          thus reducing medication-related errors, increasing prescription  
          drug literacy, and improving the health, safety, and well-being  
          of consumers.  To achieve this end, BOP was tasked with holding  
          public meetings statewide to seek information from groups  
          representing consumers, senior citizens, pharmacists, other  
          health care professionals, and other interested parties, and to  
          consider their needs when adopting regulations. 

          In May 2008, BOP developed an open-ended prescription label  
          survey for distribution at public outreach events.  A total of  
          606 consumers completed the surveys.  

          When asked what to change on the prescription label, the top  
          responses were:

          1)Print should be larger or darker = 30.1%
          2)Nothing needs to be changed on the label =24.6%
          3)Include purpose of drug = 12%

          BOP concluded that most consumers requested larger/bolder type  
          font on prescription labels to increase readability.  Many  
          participants suggested that if a generic drug is provided, the  
          prescription label should state the name of the generic drug  
          name AND the brand-name it is generic for.  They also noted that  
          color printing and highlighting on labels brings attention to  
          important information. Some participants suggested that the  
          labels themselves be color-coded to help differentiate between  








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          multiple medications and family members.  Many consumers want to  
          know 'what the drug is for' and suggested that 'purpose of drug'  
          be printed directly on prescription labels. 

          Font size emerged as critical issue during the meetings between  
          industry and consumer advocates, with industry preferring a  
          10-point standard, and consumer groups requesting 12-point font.  
           The public sent more than 1,000 pages of letters to BOP urging  
          the adoption of a larger text requirement on drug labels.  

          BOP approved regulations that detailed the following on June 10,  
          2010:  

          1)Labels on drug containers dispensed to patients in California  
            must be clustered into one area of the label that comprises at  
            least 50% of the label, using at least 10-point font using  
            sans serif typeface, listing these items in the following  
            order:  

             a)   Name of the patient;

             b)   Name of the drug;

             c)   Strength of the drug;

             d)   Directions for use; and,

             e)   Purpose or condition, if entered onto the prescription  
               by the prescriber.  

          2)For added emphasis, the label shall also highlight in bold or  
            color, or use blank space to set off the items listed.  

          3)Pharmacies must:

             a)   Print specified elements in 12-point font if requested  
               by the patient; and,

             b)   Provide LEP patients with oral translation services at  
               the time a prescription is filled.

          4)BOP must:

             a)   Post standardized directions for use, translated in at  
               least five non-English languages, for use by pharmacies;








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             b)   Publish on its Web site translation for specified  
               directions for use into at least five languages other than  
               English.  

          The author argues that the final regulations did not reflect  
          BOP's findings from the public hearings, and thus BOP's  
          regulation package does not achieve the goal of its enabling  
          legislation.  Opponents argue that they, in good faith,  
          negotiated the final regulation package with BOP and the  
          regulations reflect the input of all stakeholders.  Further,  
          they state, because the purpose of SB 472 has been effectuated  
          through this complete, legal, and public, process, this  
          legislation is unnecessary.   

           Arguments in support  .  The California Alliance for Retired  
          Americans write, "[This bill] establishes meaningful  
          patient-centered prescription labeling in California.   
          Patient-centered prescription labeling protects consumers from  
          the serious consequences of medical errors when they don't have  
          the ability to read or understand prescription drug labels.   
          Seniors, who represent over 48% of the prescription drug users  
          in California, and [LEP consumers] are especially vulnerable to  
          this problem.

          "We look forward to the day when seniors and [LEP consumers] are  
          provided these simple protections that will save lives and save  
          our state money by avoiding costly trips to the doctor or  
          emergency room to remedy a medical error."

           Arguments in opposition  .  The California Retailers Association  
          and the National Association of Chain Drug Stores write, "We  
          oppose this measure for two principle reasons:  first, it  
          undermines the integrity of both the legislative and regulatory  
          processes; and second, this measure seeks to impose a number of  
          new requirements that are extremely costly or currently not  
          available in the marketplace, jeopardize pharmacists and  
          pharmacies' licenses and pose significant safety risks to  
          consumers.

          "SB 472 required BOP  to consider  improved directions for use,  
          improved font sizes and types, placement of information that is  
          patient-centered, needs of LEP patients, needs of seniors and  
          the technology requirements needed to implement the standards  
          when developing the regulations.  At no time did SB 472 mandate  
          the BOP adopt a minimum font size for prescription labels.   








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          Additionally, numerous provisions mandating the provision of  
          either oral translation services or written translated labels  
          were stricken from the bill because of numerous concerns about  
          patient safety and pharmacist/pharmacy liability.  Pharmacy  
          stakeholders worked with Senator Corbett on SB 472 and  
          ultimately supported the measure that sent the issue to the  
          Board of Pharmacy, the appropriate regulatory board, for the  
          development of regulations."

           Previous legislation  .  SB 472 (Corbett), Chapter 470, Statutes  
          of 2007, required BOP to adopt regulations to establish a  
          patient-centered, standard format for prescription drug labels  
          that will take into account the needs of California patients,  
          including seniors and LEP patients.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :

           Support 
           
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network (sponsor)
          California Alliance for Retired Americans
          Consumer's Union
           
            Opposition 
           
          The California Retailers Association
          The Civil Justice Association
          Medco Health Solutions, Inc.
          National Association of Chain Drug Stores

           Analysis Prepared by  :    Sarah Weaver / B.,P. & C.P. / (916)  
          319-3301