BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                  SB 1410
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          SENATE THIRD READING
          SB 1410 (Cedillo)
          As Amended  June 23, 2010
          Majority vote 

           SENATE VOTE  :28-0  
           
           BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS   11-0   APPROPRIATIONS      17-0        
           
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          |Ayes:|Hayashi, Conway, Eng,     |Ayes:|Fuentes, Conway,          |
          |     |Hernandez, Hill, Ma,      |     |Bradford,                 |
          |     |Nava, Niello, Ruskin,     |     |Charles Calderon, Coto,   |
          |     |Smyth, Nestande           |     |Davis,                    |
          |     |                          |     |De Leon, Gatto, Hall,     |
          |     |                          |     |Harkey, Miller, Nielsen,  |
          |     |                          |     |Norby, Skinner, Solorio,  |
          |     |                          |     |Torlakson, Torrico        |
           ----------------------------------------------------------------- 

          SUMMARY  :   Deletes the four-attempt limit to obtain a passing  
          score on Step III of the United States Medical Licensing  
          Examination (USMLE) in order to be eligible for a physician's  
          and surgeon's certificate, and requires the Medical Board of  
          California (MBC) to adopt a passing score by resolution.   
          Specifically,  this bill  :   

          1)Deletes the four-attempt limit to obtain a passing score on  
            Step III of USMLE in order to be eligible for a physician's  
            and surgeon's certificate.

          2)Requires an applicants' passing score be based on the date the  
            applicant registered for the examination.  

          3)Clarifies that MBC must adopt a resolution every time it  
            adopts a passing score for an entire examination or for each  
            part of an examination that is required for certification, and  
            this resolution must be adopted or readopted at a public  
            meeting, subject to public input, and an affirmative vote of a  
            majority of MBC members constituting a quorum.

          4)Prohibits MBC from delegating to any other entity, whether by  
            contract or resolution, the responsibility to adopt the  
            passing score.  If MBC adopts the recommended passing score of  








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            another entity as its passing score for an examination or any  
            part of an examination and that the entity subsequently  
            changes that recommended passing score, MBC's passing score  
            shall not be changed unless MBC readopts that recommended  
            passing score, or adopts some other score, by resolution.

          5)Requires the passing score be stated as a numerical score and  
            not as a percentage of correct answers.

          6)Makes legislative findings and declarations.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   According to the Assembly Appropriations  
          Committee, minor absorbable workload to MBC to comply with the  
          requirements of this bill. 

           COMMENTS  :  According to the author's office, "MBC has no formal  
          procedure for adopting new passing scores for the USMLE and that  
          has proved to be problematic.  The lack of a formal adoption  
          process combined with the three-month window provided to take  
          the examination after registering has created confusion as MBC  
          may increase the recommended passing score at any time without  
          public record, input, or notification to applicants that have  
          already registered for the examination.  Thus, highly qualified  
          physicians have been denied licensure because the lack of a  
          formalized process.  Additionally, failing to pass the USMLE  
          under an arbitrary cap on the number of attempts does not  
          translate into a lack of competency in providing high-quality  
          medical care.  Furthermore, existing law and MBC procedure does  
          not allow consideration for learning disabilities, a history of  
          poor performance on standardized tests, hardships, or other  
          variables that may impede the ability of an individual to pass  
          the examination within the current standards.  There is no  
          mechanism for the MBC to consider individuals or extending  
          circumstances that may have contributed to poor performance on  
          the exam."

          The USMLE is sponsored by the Federation of State Medical Boards  
          of the United States, Inc. (FSMB), and the National Board of  
          Medical Examiners (NBME).  The USMLE assesses a physician's  
          ability to apply knowledge, concepts, and principles, and to  
          demonstrate fundamental patient-centered skills that are  
          important in health and disease and that constitute the basis of  
          safe and effective patient care.  Each of the three Steps of the  
          USMLE complements the others; no Step can stand alone in the  








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          assessment of readiness for medical licensure. 

          In the United States and its territories, the individual state  
          medical boards grant a license to practice medicine.  Each  
          medical licensing authority sets its own rules and regulations  
          and requires passing an examination that demonstrates  
          qualification for licensure.  Results of the USMLE are reported  
          to these authorities for use in granting the initial license to  
          practice medicine.  The USMLE program recommends to state boards  
          that they require the dates of passing the Step I, Step II, and  
          Step III examinations to occur within a seven-year period; and  
          allow no more than six attempts to pass each Step or Step  
          Component without demonstration of additional educational  
          experience acceptable to the medical licensing authority.  Of  
          the 50 states, six allow an unlimited number of attempts within  
          an unlimited time.  Another six states allow an unlimited number  
          of attempts within a finite time period.  The majority of  
          states, including California, set a limit on the number and time  
          period for test attempts. 

          In California, an applicant for the Step III exam must obtain  
          his or her M.D. or D.O degree before sitting for the test.  The  
          applicant must attain a passing score within four attempts.  An  
          individual may take Step III more than four times, but any  
          subsequent passing score after the fourth attempt is not valid  
          for licensure in California.  However, an applicant may transfer  
          his or her scores for licensure in another jurisdiction.  The  
          USMLE program limits all individuals to four attempts per Step  
          within a 12-month period. An individual may not apply for a  
          fifth attempt at Step 3 prior to the expiration of 12 months  
          from the date of the first Step 3 administration.    

          The mission of MBC is to protect health care consumers through  
          the proper licensing and regulation of physicians and surgeons  
          and certain allied health care professions and through the  
          vigorous, objective enforcement of the Medical Practice Act  
          (Act), and, to promote access to quality medical care through  
          the MBC's licensing and regulatory functions.  MBC's current  
          membership is consists of eight physicians and five public  
          members appointed by the Governor, one public member appointed  
          by the Speaker of the Assembly; and one public member appointed  
          by the Senate Rules Committee.  

          MBC is opposed to this legislation, and sponsored the  








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          four-attempt limit established under AB 1796 (Bermudez), Chapter  
          843, Statutes of 2006.  A 2001 study conducted by the NBME  
          showed that allowing applicants to re-take examinations more  
          than four times did not help proficient applicants become  
          licensed, but rather allowed non-proficient applicants to become  
          licensed.  At the time, MBC stated that limiting the number of  
          attempts to pass Step III will assure that applicants for  
          licensure are current in their medical knowledge at the time  
          they receive their initial license.  The proponents of this bill  
          have not cited competing studies indicating otherwise.  Since  
          the cap was implemented, only 90 applicants out of 10,000, have  
          failed Step III on the fourth attempt.

          This bill also explicitly requires MBC to publicly pass a  
          resolution each time they change the passing score.  Current law  
          requires that "A passing score is required for an entire  
          examination or for each part of an examination, as established  
          by resolution of the board."  A court found in 2010 that MBC  
          failed to pass a formal resolution indicating the passing USMLE  
          score, although MBC disputes this fact.  MBC states "When the  
          Appellate Court made its decision, it was not privy to the  
          information that MBC had fully complied with Section 2177 by  
          establishing by resolution at the January 2008 MBC meeting its  
          acceptance of the FSMB's recommended passing score as the  
          passing score on USMLE."  Regardless, MBC passed a resolution on  
          April 30, 2010 restating the passing score, and indicated its  
          adherence to FSMB's recommended passing score.  This bill  
          additionally prohibits MBC deferring to an outside entity, and  
          requires each score change to be reflected in public record.  

          Currently an applicant's passing score is based on the effective  
          passing score at the time the test is graded; this legislation  
          would require the applicant's registration date to determine the  
          passing score.  


           Analysis Prepared by  :    Sarah Weaver / B.,P. & C.P. / (916)  
          319-3301 



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