BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1452
          Author:   Runner (R)
          Amended:  4/22/10
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/13/10
          AYES:  Leno, Cogdill, Cedillo, Hancock, Huff, Steinberg,  
            Wright


           SUBJECT  :    Parole:  local law enforcement authority to  
          impose GPS 
                      requirements on non-revocable parolees

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill authorizes a local law enforcement  
          agency that has primary jurisdiction over the location  
          where a parolee who is not subject to parole revocation  
          resides to require, at its own cost, that parolee to wear a  
          global positioning system or other electronic monitoring  
          device for the duration of the parole period, as specified.  
            

           ANALYSIS  :    Current law creates in state government the  
          Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR), headed  
          by a Secretary who is appointed by the Governor, subject to  
          Senate confirmation, and serves at the pleasure of the  
          Governor.  CDCR consists of Adult Operations, Adult  
          Programs, Juvenile Justice, the Corrections Standards  
          Authority, the Board of Parole Hearings, the State  
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          Commission on Juvenile Justice, the Prison Industry  
          Authority, and the Prison Industry Board.  (Section  
          12838(a) of the Government Code)   

          Current law provides that "the supervision, management and  
          control of the state prisons, and the responsibility for  
          the care, custody, treatment, training, discipline and  
          employment of persons confined therein are vested in the  
          Secretary of the Department of Corrections and  
          Rehabilitation."  (Section 5054 of the Penal Code [PEN])

          Existing law generally provides that inmates serving a  
          determinate term of imprisonment shall be released on  
          parole for a period of three years.  (PEN Section  
          3000(b)(1))

          Existing law provides that any person released from prison  
          on parole may be released from parole after one year, or  
          two years for violent felonies, unless CDCR recommends to  
          the contrary.  (PEN Section 3001)

          Existing law provides that longer periods of parole apply  
          to specified crimes, for example lifetime parole for  
          persons sentenced to life imprisonment with the possibility  
          of parole.  (PEN Section 3000.1)

          Existing law includes these additional provisions:

          1. Prisoners on parole shall remain under the legal custody  
             of the department and shall be subject at any time to be  
             taken back within the enclosure of the prison.  (PEN  
             Section 3056)

          2. Any person who has been returned to prison after  
             revocation of parole may be held for 12 months, and an  
             additional 12 months for prison misconduct.  The person  
             shall then be  released on parole for the balance of the  
             period of parole.  (PEN Section 3057)

          3. That prisoners, with the exception of life prisoners,  
             may earn custody credits for work and approved programs  
             to reduce the period of custody following revocation of  
             parole.  (PEN Section 3057)


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          4. The parole authority - now the Board of Parole Hearings  
             (BPH) - shall have full power to suspend or revoke any  
             parole, and to order returned to prison any prisoner  
             upon parole.  The written order of the parole authority  
             shall be a sufficient warrant for any peace or prison  
             officer to return to actual custody any conditionally  
             released or paroled prisoner.  (PEN Section 3060)  

          Existing law creates the BPH and makes certain provisions  
          with respect to its powers and duties.  (PEN Section 5075  
          et seq.)

          Under current law BPH has "full power to suspend or revoke  
          any parole, and to order returned to prison any prisoner  
          upon parole.  The written order of the parole authority  
          shall be a sufficient warrant for any peace or prison  
          officer to return to actual custody any conditionally  
          released or paroled prisoner."  (PEN Section 3060)

           Non-Revocable Parole
           
          Current law, as enacted by SB 18 X3 (Ducheny), Chapter 28,  
          Statutes of 2009-10, Third Extraordinary Session, and  
          effective on and after January 25, 2010, provides that,  
          notwithstanding any other provision of law, CDCR shall not  
          return to prison, place a parole hold, or report any parole  
          violation to the BPH regarding any person to whom all of  
          the following criteria apply:

          1. The person is not required to register as a sex  
             offender.

          2. The person was not committed to prison for a serious  
             felony or a violent felony,  and does not have a prior  
             conviction for a serious felony or a violent felony, as  
             specified.

          3. The person was not committed to prison for a sexually  
             violent offense, and does not have a prior conviction  
             for a sexually violent offense, as specified.

          4. The person was not found guilty of a serious  
             disciplinary offense during his/her current term of  
             imprisonment, as specified.

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          5. The person is not a validated prison gang member or  
             associate, as specified.

          6. The person did not refuse to sign any written  
             notification of parole requirements or conditions, as  
             specified.
           
          7. The person was evaluated by the department using a  
             validated risk assessment tool and was not determined to  
             pose a high risk to reoffend.  (PEN Section 3000.03)

          This bill provides that a parolee to whom Section 3000.03  
          of the Penal Code is applicable may be required to wear a  
          global positioning system or other electronic monitoring  
          device, for the duration of the parole period, by a local  
          law enforcement agency if both of the following apply:  (1)  
          the local law enforcement agency requiring the parolee to  
          wear a global positioning system or other electronic  
          monitoring device has primary jurisdiction over the  
          location where the parolee resides, and (2) the local law  
          enforcement agency ahs entered into a memorandum of  
          understanding with the department that establishes  
          conditions under which the local authority may use global  
          positioning system technology or otherwise monitor,  
          supervise, or manage nonrevocable parolees in a manner  
          consistent with evidence-based practices.  For purposes of  
          this subdivision, "evidence-based practices" means  
          supervision policies, procedures, programs, and practices  
          that have been demonstrated through scientific research to  
          reduce recidivism among individuals who have been released  
          or who are on probation or parole and that would be likely  
          to improve the probability that, while on parole, a parolee  
          to whom this section is applicable would not commit a new  
          offense.

          This bill provides that the "cost of acquiring, leasing,  
          and monitoring any global positioning system or other  
          electronic equipment shall be the responsibility of the  
          local law enforcement agency requiring the parolee to wear  
          a global positioning system or other electronic monitoring  
          device."

          This bill specifies that its provisions would "not mandate  

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          the use of a global positioning system or other electronic  
          monitoring device by law enforcement and does not create an  
          obligation on the part of any law enforcement agency or  
          local government agency in connection with the  
          discretionary use, or nonuse, of these monitoring devices."

           Prior legislation  .  SB 18 X3 (Ducheny), Chapter 28,  
          Statutes of 2009-10, Third Extraordinary Session, passed  
          the Senate on September 11, 2009 with a vote of 21-16.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  No    
          Local:  No

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  4/22/10)

          Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs
          Peace Officers Research Association of California
          Riverside Sheriffs' Association

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  4/22/10)

          American Civil Liberties Union
          California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
          Taxpayers for Improving Public Safety

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The author states:

            "SB 1452 allows the local law enforcement agency that has  
            jurisdiction over a parolee to require the parolee to  
            wear an electronic monitoring device for the duration of  
            their parole period. 

            "The local law enforcement agency is responsible for the  
            cost of acquiring, leasing, and monitoring the electronic  
            monitoring device.

            "Existing law requires the Department of Corrections and  
            Rehabilitation (CDCR) to release a prisoner on parole  
            after the inmate has served his or her sentence.

            "Under existing law, CDCR is authorized to return a  
            parolee to prison if the Board of Parole Hearings  
            determines that the parolee violated the terms of his or  
            her parole. 

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            "Per Senate Bill X3 18 (Ducheny), on January 25, 2010,  
            the state began the process of releasing thousands of  
            inmates to the parole system without CDCR support or  
            supervision. These parolees will not be subject to parole  
            revocation for the commission of new crimes or violation  
            of the traditional terns of parole."

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    The American Civil Liberties  
          Union states:  "Existing law grants the parole authority  
          the discretion to require that any parolee agree to  
          electronic monitoring as a condition of parole.  We are  
          opposed to taking the discretion on parole conditions away  
          from the parole bard which at least has expertise and  
          applies state-wide consistency, and then hand it to local  
          law enforcement.  Additionally, there are no standards for  
          local implementation raising serious concerns about  
          discriminatory application."  
           

          RJG:mw  4/22/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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