BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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                              UNFINISHED BUSINESS


          Bill No:  SB 1454
          Author:   DeSaulnier (D)
          Amended:  8/16/10
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY COMMITTEE  :  7-0, 4/19/10
          AYES:  Simitian, Runner, Corbett, Hancock, Lowenthal,  
            Pavley, Strickland

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-1, 5/10/10
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Leno, Price, Wolk, Wyland, Yee
          NOES:  Cox
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Corbett, Denham, Walters

          SENATE FLOOR  :  26-8, 6/2/10
          AYES:  Aanestad, Alquist, Calderon, Cedillo, Cogdill,  
            Corbett, DeSaulnier, Ducheny, Florez, Hancock, Harman,  
            Kehoe, Leno, Liu, Lowenthal, Negrete McLeod, Padilla,  
            Pavley, Romero, Runner, Simitian, Steinberg, Strickland,  
            Wolk, Wyland, Yee
          NOES:  Ashburn, Correa, Cox, Denham, Hollingsworth, Huff,  
            Walters, Wright
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Dutton, Oropeza, Price, Wiggins,  
            Vacancy, Vacancy

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  :  42-28, 8/23/10 - See last page for vote


           SUBJECT  :    Recycling:  plastic products

           SOURCE  :     California Against Waste

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           DIGEST  :    This bill repeals the existing separate  
          requirements for "compostable" or "marine degradable"  
          plastic bags and food packaging and replaces them with a  
          uniform requirement for all plastic products.

           Assembly Amendments  add the provision that a person may  
          sell a plastic product labeled with a qualified claim for a  
          prohibited term, including the term "home compostable" if  
          the Department of Resources Recycling (DRRR) and Recovery  
          adopts a standard for that qualified claim that is more  
          stringent that the American Society for Testing and  
          Materials (ASTM) standard and in the plastic product meets  
          the standard adopted by DRRR for that qualified claim.

           ANALYSIS  :    Existing law, under the California Integrated  
          Waste Management Act of 1989:

          1. Prohibits a plastic bag from being sold that is labeled  
             "compostable" or "marine biodegradable" unless the  
             plastic bag meets certain American Society for Testing  
             and Materials (ASTM) standards, and prohibits a plastic  
             bag from being sold that is labeled with the term  
             "biodegradable," "degradable," or "decomposable," or any  
             form of those terms.  Certain related provisions,  
             including definitions and penalties, are specified.

          2. Prohibits a food or beverage container from being sold  
             that is labeled "compostable" or "marine biodegradable"  
             unless the food or beverage container meets certain ASTM  
             standards, and prohibits a food or beverage container  
             from being sold that is labeled with the term  
             "biodegradable," "degradable," or "decomposable," or any  
             form of those terms.  Certain related provisions,  
             including definitions and penalties, are specified.

          This bill:

          1.Repeals existing law relating to biodegradable plastic  
            bags and food packaging. 

          2.Prohibits a plastic product from being sold that is  
            labeled "compostable" or "marine biodegradable" unless  
            the product meets specified ASTM standards and prohibits  

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            a plastic product from being sold that is labeled with  
            the term "biodegradable," "degradable," or  
            "decomposable," or any form of those terms.  
          3.Authorizes the Department of Resources Recovery and  
            Recycling  (DRRR) to adopt an existing standard other  
            than an ASTM standard specification, if: 

                 A. The existing standard is adopted or developed by  
                   a standard-setting organization recognized by  
                   DRRR.

                 B. The existing standard qualifies as an ASMT  
                   standard specification.

                 C. DRRR determines that the existing standard is  
                   more stringent than the ASTM standard  
                   specification, as specified. 

          4.Defines "plastic product" as a product made from plastic,  
            whether alone or in combination with another material,  
            including, but not limited to: 

                 A. A consumer product.

                 B. A package or packaging.

                 C. A bag, sack, wrap, or other thin plastic sheet  
                   film.

                 D. A food or beverage container or container  
                   component.  

          5.Specifies that a product in compliance with the bill is  
            not, solely based on that compliance, deemed to be in  
            compliance with any other applicable marketing  
            requirement or guideline established under state law or  
            by the Federal Trade Commission.  

           Prior/Related Legislation
           
          SB 951 (Hart) Chapter 1076, Statutes of 1993, enacted the  
          Plastic Trash Bag Law to require recycled plastic  
          postconsumer material in certain types of plastic trash  
          bags.  

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          SB 698 (Rainey) Chapter 44, Statutes of 1998, revised  
          various procedures relating to these provisions to enable  
          postconsumer materials to be in other plastic products of  
          the manufacturer.  In response to concerns about  
          manufacturers that violate the law, SB 698 added a  
          debarment provision that made these violators ineligible  
          for state contract awards until they comply with the  
          requirements and prohibits the state from soliciting offers  
          from, or awarding contracts to, those firms.  SB 698 also  
          required the California Integrated Waste Management Board  
          to publish a list of violators.

          SB 1749 (Karnette) Chapter 619, Statutes of 2004,  
          prohibited persons from selling a plastic bag labeled as  
          "compostable," "biodegradable," "degradable," or any form  
          of those terms, unless the plastic bag meets certain  
          requirements.  

          AB 1023 (DeSaulnier) Chapter 143, Statutes of 2007, exempts  
          these bags from the Plastic Trash Bag Law.

          AB 2147 (Harman) Chapter 349, Statutes of 2006, prohibited  
          persons from selling plastic food and beverage containers  
          labeled as "compostable," "biodegradable," "degradable," or  
          any form of those terms, unless the containers meet certain  
          requirements.

          AB 2071 (Karnette) Chapter 570, Statutes of 2008, set  
          penalties for violations of the SB 1749 plastic bag  
          requirements and the AB 2147 food and beverage container  
          requirements.

          AB 1972 (DeSaulnier) Chapter 436, Statutes of 2008, revised  
          prohibited actions under the plastic bag, as well as the  
          food and beverage container, requirements, while revising  
          definitions and providing for review of changing ASTM  
          standards.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee, this  
          bill has minor, absorbable ongoing costs to DRRR to review  

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          standards.  Additionally, this bill has minor, absorbable  
          ongoing costs to DRRR to adopt standards and make  
          recommendations to the Legislature and potential ongoing  
          costs to DRRR of an unknown amount, but possibly in the  
          tens of thousands of dollars annually, to enforce and  
          oversee implementation of the bill's provisions.   
          (Integrated Waste Management Account)  This bill has likely  
          ongoing costs to the Attorney General of an unknown amount  
          to enforce the provisions of this bill.  (General Fund)   
          This bill will likely result in ongoing revenue of an  
          unknown amount from imposition of civil penalties.   
          (General Find)

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  8/25/10)

          California Against Waste (source)
          Association of Postconsumer Plastic Recyclers
          Biodegradable Products Institute
          California Resources Recovery Association
          Cereplast
          City and County of San Francisco
          Clean Water Action
          Department of the Environment
          Heritage Bag and Plastics Company
          Metabolix
          Natural Resources Defense Council
          NatureWorks
          Recology
          Talco Plastics

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  8/25/10)

          ENSO Bottles, LLC
          Environmental Plastic Coalition
          Green Genius

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    According to the author's office,  
          under current law "manufacturers of plastic bags and food  
          packaging cannot claim that their products are  
          'biodegradable' and can only claim their products are  
          'compostable' if they meet the [ASTM] scientific technical  
          standard for 'compostability,' ASTM D6400.  Currently there  
          are no restrictions on end-of-life claims for plastic  
          products, excluding plastic bags and food packaging.  Many  

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          plastic products that are currently sold in California  
          claim to be 'biodegradable,' even though there is no  
          technical standard to test against that term and numerous  
          studies have shown that even 'compostable' plastic does  
          quickly break down in the environment as one would expect a  
          'biodegradable' product to.  Additionally, some plastic  
          products are claiming to be 'compostable' even though they  
          do not meet the technical standard for compostability,  
          making the material unacceptable in composting facilities."

          The author's office also notes that "SB 1454 will expand  
          the scope of the current labeling restrictions for plastic  
          bags and food packaging in Public Resources Code Sections  
          42357-42359 to all plastic products:  specifically  
          manufacturers would be prohibited from claiming their  
          plastic products are 'biodegradable' and could only claim  
          they are 'compostable' if it meets the relevant technical  
          standard."

          Claims that plastic products are biodegradable may be  
          misleading and confusing to consumers.  The environmental  
          conditions and timeline necessary for degradation of the  
          product are not disclosed and consumers mistakenly believe  
          that the product will degrade quickly if littered.  In  
          fact, there is no standard to determine biodegradability  
          because the conditions are too variable.  

          Concerns also exist about compostable plastics.  According  
          to DRRR, "many existing composting operations reject  
          compostable plastics because they have found that most of  
          them, even those certified by the Biodegradable Products  
          Institute [as meeting the ASTM D6400 standard], do not  
          undergo degradation at a rate consistent with other  
          compostable materials."  Additionally, federal standards  
          for organics require that compost not contain plastic of  
          any kind.  The inclusion of compostable plastics as  
          feedstock would make the finished compost ineligible for  
          use in organic farms.  

          This bill will create a uniform standard so that all  
          plastic products comply with the same requirements.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    No letters on file.  
           

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           ASSEMBLY FLOOR  : 
          AYES:  Ammiano, Arambula, Bass, Beall, Block, Blumenfield,  
            Bradford, Brownley, Buchanan, Charles Calderon, Carter,  
            Chesbro, Coto, Davis, De Leon, Eng, Evans, Feuer,  
            Fletcher, Fong, Gatto, Hayashi, Hernandez, Hill, Huffman,  
            Jones, Bonnie Lowenthal, Ma, Mendoza, Monning, Nava, V.  
            Manuel Perez, Ruskin, Salas, Saldana, Skinner, Solorio,  
            Swanson, Torlakson, Torres, Torrico, Yamada
          NOES:  Adams, Anderson, Bill Berryhill, Tom Berryhill,  
            Caballero, Conway, Cook, DeVore, Fuller, Gaines,  
            Galgiani, Garrick, Gilmore, Harkey, Huber, Jeffries,  
            Knight, Lieu, Logue, Miller, Nestande, Niello, Nielsen,  
            Norby, Silva, Audra Strickland, Tran, Villines
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  De La Torre, Fuentes, Furutani, Hagman,  
            Hall, Portantino, Smyth, John A. Perez, Vacancy, Vacancy


          TSM:do:kc  8/25/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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