BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1474|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1474
          Author:   Steinberg (D), et al
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE LABOR & INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMM  :  4-2, 4/19/10
          AYES:  DeSaulnier, Ducheny, Leno, Yee
          NOES:  Wyland, Hollingsworth

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  7-3, 5/27/10
          AYES:  Kehoe, Alquist, Corbett, Leno, Price, Wolk, Yee
          NOES:  Denham, Walters, Wyland
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Cox


           SUBJECT  :    Labor representatives:  elections

           SOURCE  :     United Farm Workers


           DIGEST  :    This bill gives agricultural employees an  
          alternative electoral method for choosing their collective  
          bargaining representative, the majority signup election.

          ANALYSIS  :    Existing law provides for a secret ballot  
          election process for agricultural workers where a petition  
          has been submitted, as specified, asking for the  
          opportunity for workers to decide whether to select a  
          particular union as their collective bargaining  
          representative.  Specifically, the law:

          1. Allows for the filing of a petition that is signed by a  
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             majority of the current employees in a collective  
             bargaining unit, or accompanied with cards signed by a  
             majority of the current employees in a collective  
             bargaining unit, with the Agricultural Labor Relations  
             Board (ALRB) to seek representatives to collectively  
             bargain for the employees in the bargaining unit.  The  
             petition must allege the following:

              A.    That the number of employees of the employer  
                named in the petition is not less than 50 percent of  
                the employer's peak agricultural employment for the  
                current calendar year.

              B.    That a valid election has not been conducted  
                among the agricultural employees of the employer  
                named in the petition within 12 months immediately  
                preceding the filing of the petition.

              C.    That no labor organization is currently certified  
                as the exclusive collective bargaining  
                representatives for the employees of the employer  
                named in the petition.

              D.    That the petition is not barred by an existing  
                collective bargaining agreement.

             Upon receiving the signed petition, the ALRB must  
             investigate the petition immediately.  If the ALRB finds  
             that the petition is accurate, then it must hold an  
             election by secret ballot within seven days of the  
             filing of the petition.  The ALRB must print ballots  
             that list the labor organization or organizations that  
             seek to represent the employees, as well as a "no labor  
             organizations" voting option.  Whoever receives 50  
             percent plus one of the votes cast shall win the  
             election.  Run-offs, if necessary, must take place.

          2. Defines a number of activities of employers, employees,  
             and/or interested parties as improper interference with  
             the election process, generally known as unfair labor  
             practices.

          3. Allows the ALRB to hold hearings to decide if any unfair  
             labor practices took place, and if it finds such actions  







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             took place, the ALRB must issue a cease and desist order  
             and also take affirmative action, which can include  
             reinstatement with or without back pay, and making an  
             employee whole, where appropriate, for loss of pay. 

          This bill:

          1. Creates an alternative procedure to the secret ballot  
             election, the majority signup election, which would  
             allow employees of a collective bargaining unit to  
             select their representative for collective bargaining by  
             submitting a petition that alleges the following:

              A.    That the number of employees currently employed  
                by the employer named in the petition is not less  
                than 50 percent of the employer's peak agricultural  
                employment for the current calendar year.

              B.    That a valid election has not been conducted  
                among the agricultural employees of the employer  
                named in the petition within the 12 months  
                immediately preceding the filing of the petition.

              C.    That no labor organization is currently certified  
                as the exclusive collective-bargaining  
                representatives of the employees of the employer  
                named in the petition.

              D.    That the petition is not barred by an existing  
                collective bargaining agreement.

          2. Requires that the petition must be accompanied with  
             representation cards signed by more than 50 percent of  
             the currently employed employees in the bargaining unit.  
              These cards must be issued by the ALRB upon the request  
             of a labor organization.  The representation cards must  
             include sufficient space for the name of the labor  
             organization, the name of the agricultural employer, the  
             employee's name, address and phone number, the name of  
             the employee's foreman, the signature of the person  
             witnessing the employee that signed the card, and the  
             date that the card was signed.

          3. Provides that a representative card is considered valid  







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             if the card includes the name of the labor organization,  
             the employee's name, and the employee's signature.  The  
             representative card must also include: 

              A.    A statement that the employee signing the card  
                wishes to  have a specified labor representative as  
                his or her collective-bargaining representative with  
                respect to rates of pay, wages, hours of employment,  
                and other conditions of employment. 

              B.    A statement that no promises or threats were made  
                to obtain the employee's signature on the card.

              C.    An acknowledgement that by signing the card the  
                employee is manifesting a desire to be represented by  
                a labor organization.

              D.    An acknowledgement that the employee is aware of  
                the ALRB's toll-free number, which is available for  
                complaints about coercion or other unfair labor  
                practices.

          4. Requires the ALRB to keep the information on the cards  
             confidential.

          5. Requires that the labor representative submitting the  
             petition must also personally serve the employer with  
             the petition the same day the ALRB receives it.  The  
             employer then has 48 hours to give the ALRB a complete  
             and accurate list of all of the employees in the  
             bargaining unit.  

          6. Requires ALRB, upon receipt of a petition for "majority  
             signup election," to immediately commence an  
             investigation.  Within five days of receipt of the  
             petition, ALRB shall make an administrative  
             determination whether the petition requirements have  
             been met and the labor organization has submitted the  
             requisite number of representation cards by comparing  
             the names on the cards to the names on the list  
             submitted by the employer.

          7. Specifies that if ALRB determines that the labor  
             organization has submitted the requisite number of  







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             representation cards and met other requirements, it  
             shall immediately certify the labor organization as the  
             exclusive bargaining representative.  If ALRB determines  
             that the labor organization has not submitted the  
             requisite number of cards, it shall grant the labor  
             organization 30 days to submit additional representation  
             cards.

          8. States that an employer's duty to bargain with the labor  
             organization begins immediately after a labor  
             organization is certified.

          9. Provides that within five days after the ALRB certifies  
             a labor organization through a majority signup election,  
             any person may file with the board a petition objecting  
             to the certification on one or more of the following  
             grounds:

              A.    Allegations in the majority signup petition were  
                false;

              B.    The board improperly determined the geographical  
                scope of the bargaining unit;

              C.    The majority signup election was conducted  
                improperly;

              D.    Improper conduct affected the results of the  
                majority signup election.

             Upon receipt of a petition objecting to certification,  
             the ALRB shall conduct a hearing to rule on the  
             petitioner's objections, and shall mail a notice of the  
             time and place of the hearing to the petitioner and the  
             labor organization whose certification is being  
             challenged. If the board finds at the hearing that any  
             of the allegations in the petition are true, the board  
             shall revoke the certification.

          10.Extends existing prohibitions and penalties to employers  
             who engage in unfair labor practices.  

          11.Provides that if the ALRB finds willful or repeated  
             actions by the employer to interfere, restrain, or  







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             coerce agricultural employees in their right to self  
             organize and collectively bargain, or if an employer is  
             found to be discriminating against a member of a labor  
             organization in hiring or tenure of employment, or to  
             encourage or discourage membership in any labor  
             organization, the ALRB may impose a civil penalty  
             against that employer for $20,000 for each violation.  

          This bill adds to this requirement that, should there be  
          any charges of discrimination or threats to discharge an  
          employee for belonging to or seeking to belong to a labor  
          organization, or any charges of an employer trying to  
          interfere, restrain, or coerce agricultural employees in  
          their right to self organize and collectively bargain, the  
          ALRB must give those charges priority of all other cases,  
          except cases of similar character.

           Prior Legislation
           
          SB 789 (Steinberg), 2009-10 Session, was nearly identical  
          to this bill, and was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.   
          This bill passed the Senate Floor on 4/23/09 with a vote of  
          23-14.  The veto message read, in part:

               SB 789 sets in place a "majority signup election"  
               process for agricultural employees to select union  
               representation.  This process fundamentally alters an  
               employee's right to a secret ballot election that  
               allows the employee to choose, in the privacy of the  
               voting booth without coercion or manipulation, whether  
               or not to be represented?.  I cannot support this  
               alteration of the secret ballot process.

          SB 180 (Migden), 2007-08 Session, was almost identical to  
          SB 1474.   This bill passed the Senate on 8/27/07 by a vote  
          of 23-14, and was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.  

          AB 2386 (Nunez), 2007-08 Session, would have authorized  
          agricultural employees to select collective bargaining  
          representation through a new "mediated election" process.   
          This bill passed the Senate Floor on 8/18/08 with a vote of  
          23-15, and was vetoed by Governor Schwarzenegger.  

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    







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          Local:  Yes

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/27/10)

          United Farm Workers (source) 
          Association of California State Supervisors
          California Labor Federation
          California Nurses Association/National Nurses Organizing  
          Committee
          California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation
          California State Employees Association
          California State Employees Association Retirees, Inc.
          California State University Employees Union
          National Lawyers Guild Labor and Employment Committee
          United Nurses Associations of California/Union of Health  
          Care                                               
          Professionals

           OPPOSITION  :    (Verified  5/27/10)

          Department of Finance
          Agricultural Council of California
          Alliance of Western Milk Producers
          Allied Grape Growers
          American Council of Engineering Companies of California 
          Associated Builders and Contractors
          Associated General Contractors
          California Aftermarket Industry Association
          California Association of Wheat Growers
          California Association of Winegrape Growers
          California Automotive Wholesalers Association
          California Bean Shippers Association
          California Business Properties Association
          California Chamber of Commerce
          California Citrus Mutual
          California Farm Bureau Federation
          California Framing Contractors Association
          California Grain & Feed Association
          California Grape and Tree Fruit League
          California Grocers Association
          California Hospital Association
          California Hotel and Lodging Association
          California Independent Grocers Association
          California Manufacturers and Technology Association







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          California Pear Growers Association
          California Professional Association of Specialty  
          Contractors
          California Restaurant Association
          California Retailers Association
          California Seed Association
          California State Floral Association
          California Warehouse Association
          California Women for Agriculture
          Family Winemakers of California
          Greater Riverside Chambers of Commerce
          Grower-Shipper Association of Central California
          Grower-Shipper Vegetable Association of Santa Barbara and  
          San Luis Obispo Counties
          National Federation of Independent Business
          Nisei Farmers League
          Pacific Coast Renderers Association
          Pacific Egg & Poultry Association
          Ventura County Agricultural Association
          Western Electrical Contractors Association
          Western Growers Association
          Western United Dairymen
          Wine Institute

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    Proponents note that farm workers  
          are an unusually vulnerable workforce demographic in  
          California.  Many farm workers are undocumented workers and  
          have few rights due to recent court decisions.  Proponents  
          also state that many farm workers work in isolated areas,  
          making inspections for labor regulations difficult.   
          Proponents argue that these conditions present a strong  
          need for collective bargaining and a union presence, but  
          this has been blocked by employers through coercion,  
          anti-union pamphlets, and captive audience meetings prevent  
          fair elections from taking place.  Proponents believe that  
          majority choice elections will allow California's farm  
          workers to truly and freely choose the best options for  
          their livelihood and their families' livelihood.

           ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION  :    Opponents argue that existing  
          law gives labor organizations many rights, including the  
          ability for labor organizations to enter a farmer's  
          property, and that existing remedies available to the ALRB  
          are sufficient.  They also feel that majority choice  







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          elections are not a real election, is fundamentally  
          undemocratic, opens workers up to intimidation from unions  
          in their homes, and that they deprive farm workers of a  
          proper debate on the pros and cons of unionization.   
          Opponents also state that the provisions for increased  
          civil penalties are excessive, possibly unconstitutional,  
          and an undue burden on businesses.   
           

          PQ:nl  5/28/10   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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