BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 13 X1
                                                                  Page 1

          Date of Hearing:   March 2, 2011

                        ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
                                Felipe Fuentes, Chair

               AB 13 X1 (V. Manuel Perez) - As Amended:  March 1, 2011 

          Policy Committee:                              Natural �
          ResourcesVote:8-1

          Urgency:     No                   State Mandated Local Program: �
          No     Reimbursable:              No

           SUMMARY  

          This bill expands existing siting and permitting provisions for �
          renewable energy projects and makes changes to the planning and �
          permitting of renewable energy projects.   

           FISCAL EFFECT  

          1)Fully reimbursed but unknown costs, possibly in the tens of �
            millions of dollars, to implement wildlife habitat mitigation �
            projects within the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan �
            (DRECP) planning area.  (Renewable Energy Resources �
            Development Fee Trust Fund (RERDF Trust Fund), fully �
            reimbursed by private funds.)

          2)Additional annual fee revenue to Department of Fish and Game �
            (DFG) in the millions of dollars.  For example, in the �
            calendar year, DFG has about 200 renewable energy projects �
            that may require California Endangered Species Act (CESA) �
            incidental take permits in the calendar year. Should half of �
            these projects pay the $75,000 CESA fee, the department would �
            collect $7.5 million.  (Fish and Game Preservation Fund �
            (FGPF).)

          3)Negligible costs to DFG to expand the types of renewable �
            energy projects in the DRECP planning area for which DFG may �
            design and implement mitigation projects.  (FGPF.) 

          4)Absorbable and reimbursable costs to California Energy �
            Commission (CEC) to hire third-party consultants for �
            permitting analysis.  (Energy Resources Program Account �
            (ERPA), fully reimbursed by private funds.)








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          5)Cost to CEC during a two-year period of approximately $8 �
            million to CEC for contract consultants to develop one or more �
            natural community conservation plans (NCCPs) for the San �
            Joaquin Valley, should such work be undertaken. While these �
            costs seem high, CEC indicates the estimate is based on cost �
            it has incurred developing the Desert Renewable Energy �
            Conservation Plan. (ERPA or GF.  Presumably, these costs would �
            come from ERPA, the CEC's main program account.  However, CEC �
            indicates that the energy surcharge-the source of ERPA funding �
            and statutorily capped-will produce insufficient revenue in �
            the budget year to cover the costs that may result from the �
            requirements of this bill.) 

          6)Ongoing costs to the CEC of about $600,000 to $800,000 �
            (equivalent to 4 PY) to coordinate, manage, and support �
            development and implementation of one or more NCCPs for the �
            San Joaquin Valley, should such work be undertaken.  ERPA or �
            GF.  

          7)Ongoing costs to DFG, in the range of the low hundreds of �
            thousands of dollars, to enter into NCCP planning agreements �
            for the San Joaquin Valley and to support development the �
            NCCPs, should such work be undertaken.  (FGPF.)  (DFG was �
            unable to provide an estimate of the costs it will incur for �
            this work.  However, it is reasonable to assume that DFG will �
            face costs somewhat lower than related costs faced by CEC.)

          8)One-time costs of $7 million to CEC, upon appropriation, to �
            provide grants to local governments in the San Joaquin Valley �
            and desert regions to revise planning documents to facilitate �
            development of renewable energy resources. (Renewable �
            Resources Trust Fund (RRTF).)

          9)Ongoing costs to CEC of approximately $150,000 (equivalent to �
            1 PY) for staff to develop and process solicitations for �
            grants to local governments in the San Joaquin Valley and �
            desert regions to support revision of planning documents to �
            facilitate development of renewable energy resources.  �
            (RRTF).)

           SUMMARY (continued)
           
          Specifically, this bill:
           








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           1)Expands, to include wind and geothermal powerplants within the �
            DRECP planning area, existing authority currently applicable �
            only to proposed solar powerplants in the DRECP planning area. �
            Specifically:

             a)   Authorizes the DFG to design and implement projects, �
               such as land purchases and conservation easements, that can �
               fully mitigate the negative effects on endangered and �
               threatened species that result from construction and �
               operation of renewable energy projects in the DRECP.

             b)   Authorizes a developer to pay a fee to DFG in an amount, �
               as determined by the lead permitting agency, sufficient to �
               fund projects within the DRECP to mitigate any negative �
               effects of the powerplant on endangered or threatened �
               species.  This fee is in lieu of mitigation the developer �
               would otherwise need to undertake directly. 

          2)Extends the date, from February 1, 2010, to February 1, 2011, �
            by which a developer of a powerplant in the DRECP planning �
            area must have had a complete application on file with CEC or �
            the appropriate lead permitting agency in order to qualify for �
            use of in lieu mitigation.

          3)Expands, to include any proposed renewable powerplant in the �
            state, DFG's authority to collect a one-time CESA fee �
            ($75,000, or less in certain cases, plus an additional $75,000 �
            maximum, as needed, to cover additional permitting costs) to �
            pay for DFG's cost to process incidental take permit �
            applications.  Currently, this authority is limited to �
            developers of solar projects within the DRECP eligible to �
            receive funding from the federal American Recovery and �
            Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA).

          4)Expands, to apply any renewable energy project in the state, �
            existing authority allowing a developer of an ARRA-eligible �
            solar project in the DRECP planning area to pay a voluntary �
            fee to the CEC to fund third-party permitting analysis.

          5)Directs CEC to provide, upon appropriation, $7 million in �
            grants to counties in the San Joaquin Valley and desert areas �
            to revise planning documents to facilitate development of �
            renewable energy resources.

          6)States that the bill will take effect only if a related bill, �








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            SB 2 X1 (Simitian), which increases the state's renewable �
            portfolio standard, also becomes law.

           COMMENTS  

           1)Rationale.   According to the author, this bill will expedite �
            permitting of a limited number of proposed renewable �
            powerplants to be built in a resource rich but environmentally �
            sensitive desert habitat.  The author contends this bill will �
            maintain environmental protections while allowing these �
            projects to qualify for grant funding from ARRA.  Once built, �
            these proposed powerplants, the author claims, will benefit �
            California by generating thousands of kilowatts of renewable �
            electricity as well as thousands of jobs in areas suffering �
            severe levels of unemployment.   

             The author notes that this bill extends to wind and geothermal �
            projects the siting and permitting provisions made available �
            to solar projects in previous legislation.  The author further �
            notes that the bill also will facilitate renewable energy �
            development in the San Joaquin Valley by encouraging local �
            planning.  

          2)Citing and Permitting Powerplants in California.   Current law �
            requires any thermal power plant with a capacity of 50 �
            megawatts or greater to receive a license from CEC.  CEC's �
            licensing process generally takes 12 months and conforms to �
            the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).   
           
            In addition to CEC's licensing requirements, powerplant �
            developers must comply with the CESA.  CESA prohibits the take �
            (generally meaning death or serious harm) of endangered or �
            threatened species.  Under CESA, such harm to endangered or �
            threatened species may be allowed if DFG issues an incidental �
            take permit, which, among other things, requires a permit �
            applicant to minimize harm and mitigate for damage.  

            One area of the state-the desert region covering part of the �
            Colorado and Mojave deserts-shows particular promise as a �
            location of renewable electricity powerplants.  A plan for the �
            region, known as the Desert Renewable Energy Conservation Plan �
            planning, is being developed by DFG, CEC, the federal Bureau �
            of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The �
            plan functions as an NCCP-a document designed to plan for the �
            comprehensive protection of species and habitat. The goal of �








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            the planning effort is to facilitate the siting of renewable �
            energy projects while protecting and enhancing wildlife and �
            other natural resources.  

           3)Special Fee Pays for CESA Permitting of Certain Solar �
            Powerplants in the DRECP.   Generally, DFG funds review of �
            applications for incidental take permits from its existing �
            appropriations.  However, statute authorizes DFG to charge a �
            developer of an ARRA-eligible solar powerplant in the DRECP a �
            one-time CESA fee to cover DFG's cost to process the �
            incidental take permit.  The CESA fee is a one-time $75,000 �
            charge, plus an optional one-time $75,000 fee maximum, as �
            needed, to cover additional permit processing costs.  The fee �
            is to help expedite review and issuance of CESA permits.  

           4)Statute Allows Limited Use of In Lieu Mitigation.   Statute �
            allows in lieu mitigation for a small number of ARRA-eligible �
            solar powerplants proposed to be built in the DRECP.  This �
            bill would expand the in lieu mitigation option to developers �
            of ARRA-eligible wind and geothermal powerplants proposed to �
            be built in the DRECP.

            There are at least two advantages to allowing in lieu �
            mitigation for the renewable projects eligible under this �
            bill.  First, in lieu mitigation can speed developer �
            compliance with permitting requirements.  This is because, �
            absent in lieu mitigation, the developer must plan for and �
            undertake mitigation.  In lieu mitigation allows the developer �
            to provide funding for mitigation up front, but leaves it to �
            another entity to implement mitigation measures.  Mitigation �
            and development are thereby decoupled, allowing the developer �
            to focus on powerplant construction and operation.

            Second, in lieu mitigation may allow a more coordinated �
            mitigation, as mitigation funds from a variety of projects can �
            be pooled and focused on a comprehensive regional mitigation �
            strategy.  This strategic approach contrasts with a more �
            piecemeal approach, in which a mitigation effort seeks to �
            compensate for the negative effects of one development �
            project.  The potential for coordinated mitigation is �
            especially great in an area, such as the DRECP planning area, �
            for which a comprehensive regional mitigation strategy has �
            been developed.

            In lieu mitigation, however, also entails risk.  A project, �








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            such as a powerplant, may be built and operated before �
            mitigation for negative effects happens.  Presumably, the �
            mitigation fee paid by the developer will be sufficient to �
            finance mitigation projects that compensate for the effects of �
            the development.  And, presumably, those mitigation projects �
            eventually will occur.  However, it may be that, because of �
            land speculation or inaccurate estimates of mitigation costs, �
            the mitigation fee originally paid by a developer may not be �
            sufficient to fund projects that fully mitigate the effects of �
            the development.  It is not clear that in such a case the �
            state would be able to demand additional mitigation fees from �
            a developer after the fact.  Such a risk is lessened in an �
            area such as the DRECP planning area for which there is a �
            comprehensive environmental planning document.

           5)Planning for Renewable Energy Development in the San Joaquin �
            Valley.   Like the state's desert areas, the San Joaquin Valley �
            shows promise for renewable energy development.  The Tehachapi �
            Mountains have significant wind resources.  The valley itself �
            includes active and former agricultural lands that could be �
            used for solar and other types of renewable energy production. �
             An NCCP could facilitate renewable energy development in the �
            San Joaquin Valley as the DRECP does for the state's desert �
            regions.  

          6)Prior Legislation.

             a)   Chapter 9, Statutes of 2010 (SB 34 X8, Padilla)  �
               established, for ARRA-eligible solar powerplant in the �
               DRECP, many of the siting and permitting provisions this �
               bill seeks to extend to renewable energy projects, �
               including the use of in lieu mitigation, DFG's CESA fees �
               and the voluntary fee to fund third-party permitting �
               analysis.  SB 34 X8 passed the Assembly 71-3.  

             b)   AB 1012 (V.M. Perez, 2010)  contained many of the same �
               siting and permitting provisions as this bill.  When heard �
               by this committee, AB 1012 dealt with the disposition of �
               ARRA funds.  The version of AB 1012 resembling this bill �
               resulted from amendments in Senate committee. The bill �
               failed passage on the Senate floor.  

          7)Support.   The committee is unaware of support or opposition to �
            this bill.









                                                                  AB 13 X1
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           Analysis Prepared by  :    Jay Dickenson / APPR. / (916) 319-2081