BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �



                                                                  AB 63
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          Date of Hearing:   March 29, 2011

                       ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE ON HIGHER EDUCATION
                                 Marty Block, Chair
                 AB 63 (Donnelly) - As Introduced:  December 9, 2010
           
          SUBJECT  :   Public postsecondary education: tuition and fees.

           SUMMARY  :   Prohibits a person without lawful immigration status 
          from qualifying for resident tuition at the California State 
          University (CSU) and the California Community Colleges (CCC), 
          under the provisions of AB 540 (Firebaugh), Chapter 814, 
          Statutes of 2001, and conforms to federal law nonresident 
          tuition exemptions for members of the United States Armed 
          Services or their dependents who are enrolled at a California 
          public postsecondary education institution.  Specifically,  this 
          bill  :  

          1)Prohibits a person without lawful immigration status from 
            qualifying for resident tuition at CSU and CCC under the 
            provisions of AB 540, and requests the University of 
            California (UC) adopt a comparable policy for students 
            enrolled at UC.

          2)Allows a member of the Armed Forces who is a student at a 
            California public postsecondary education institution and is 
            transferred on military orders to a place outside the state to 
            maintain his or her residency status for tuition purposes so 
            long as the student remains continuously enrolled at that 
            institution.

          3)Allows a student at a California public postsecondary 
            education institution who is the dependent (natural or adopted 
            child, stepchild, or spouse) of a member of the Armed Forces 
            who is transferred on military orders to a place outside the 
            state to maintain his or her residency status for tuition 
            purposes so long as the student remains continuously enrolled 
            at that institution.

           EXISTING LAW  :

          1)Exempts specified nonresidents of California from paying 
            nonresident tuition at CSU and CCC (UC complies with existing 
            law by resolution) if they meet all of the following:









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             a)   Attended a California high school for three or more 
               years;

             b)   Graduated from a California high school or attained an 
               equivalent degree; 

             c)   Registered at or attended an accredited California 
               higher education institution beginning after fall of the 
               2001-02 academic year; and,

             d)   If an alien without lawful immigration status, has filed 
               an affidavit stating that the student has filed an 
               application to legalize his or her immigration status or 
               will file such an application as soon as he or she is 
               eligible to so do.

          2)Establishes uniform residency requirements for purposes of 
            ascertaining the amount of fees to be paid by students at UC, 
            CSU, and CCC and establishes various exceptions to these 
            residency requirements, including the following:

             a)   A member of the Armed Forces who is stationed in the 
               state on active duty, except a member assigned for 
               educational purposes. 

             b)   A member of the Armed Forces seeking a graduate degree, 
               for no more than two academic years.

             c)   An undergraduate student who is a dependent of a member 
               of the Armed Forces stationed in this state on active duty. 


             d)   A graduate student who is a dependent of a member of the 
               Armed Forces stationed in this state on active duty, for no 
               more than one academic year.

             e)   A student dependent of a member of the Armed Forces may 
               keep his or her resident classification until he or she has 
               resided in the state for the minimum time necessary to 
               become a resident in the event the member of the Armed 
               Forces upon whom they are dependent is transferred outside 
               of the state or retires as an active member of the Armed 
               Forces.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :   Unknown








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           COMMENTS  :   This bill is double-referred to the Assembly 
          Veterans Affairs Committee.

          AB 540 Provisions
          
           Background  .  Students who are eligible for resident tuition 
          under the provisions of AB 540 are typically persons without 
          lawful immigration status or United States citizens or Permanent 
          Residents who are residents of another state and would be 
          ineligible for state-administered or campus-based financial aid 
          programs without the provisions of AB 540.  According to the 
          segments, in 2009-10, AB 540 students were a small fraction of 
          enrollment at all three systems, as follows: 1,941 at UC (of 
          these 32% were undocumented immigrants); 3,633 at CSU; and 
          38,203 at CCC.  CSU and CCC do not identify the immigration 
          status of AB 540 students but believe that undocumented students 
          make up a larger proportion of these students than they do at 
          UC.  In 2010-11, nonresident undergraduate student tuition 
          amounted to approximately $22,879 at UC, $10,000 at CSU, and 
          $4,800 at CCC per year.  

           AB 540 rationale  .  AB 540 was enacted in part to address 
          circumstances when a student, who was brought to the United 
          States as a child by his or her parents, was deemed a 
          nonresident for tuition purposes when attending UC, CSU, or CCC. 
           Often, these students were unaware that they were not legal 
          residents, having spent most of their life in this country.  AB 
          540 was drafted to provide access to resident tuition based on 
          high school attendance and other factors rather than legal 
          status in order to comport with federal law while recognizing 
          that these students' educational success will benefit the state 
          and its economy.  Nine other states provide tuition benefits for 
          undocumented students.

           Martinez v. UC Regents  .  In 2005, the Immigration Reform Law 
          Institute filed suit against UC, on behalf of UC students who 
          are residents of other states and pay non-resident tuition, 
          contending that AB 540 violates federal law that requires that 
          an alien who is not lawfully present in the United States shall 
          not be eligible on the basis of residence within a state.  On 
          November 15, 2010, the California Supreme Court upheld AB 540, 
          finding that it does not violate federal law because, "It grants 
          the same exemption to all who qualify, whether they are 
          nonresident citizens or resident unlawful aliens." 








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           Related legislation  .  AB 130 and AB 131, both authored by 
          Assemblymember Cedillo, would expand benefits to AB 540 students 
          by allowing them to participate in publicly funded financial aid 
          programs.  Both measures were approved by the Assembly Higher 
          Education Committee on March 15, 2011.

           Prior legislation  .  Numerous measures have been introduced to 
          repeal AB 540 or deny its benefits to undocumented students, 
          including AB 454 (Knight, 2009), which failed passage in this 
          Committee, AB 1207 (Logue, 2009), which was never set for 
          hearing by this Committee, and AB 2159 (Anderson, 2010), which 
          passed this Committee after the author removed the language 
          affecting AB 540.  

          Military Nonresident Tuition Waivers 
          
           Background  .  The federal government enacted the Higher Education 
          Opportunity Act of 2008 (H.R. 4137), which stipulates that a 
          state receiving assistance under H.R. 4137 shall not charge 
          members of the Armed Forces, or their spouses or dependents, 
          tuition at a public postsecondary education institution in that 
          state at a rate that is greater than the rate charged residents 
          of that state, so long as the student is continuously enrolled 
          at the institution, notwithstanding a subsequent change in the 
          permanent duty station of the member to a location outside of 
          the state.   The Armed Services member must be on active duty 
          for more than 30 days, and his or her domicile or permanent duty 
          must be in the state.

           Federal compliance  .  As noted above, California provides several 
          exceptions to its uniform residency requirements for members of 
          the Armed Forces and their dependents in order to allow them to 
          pay in-state tuition, instead of the more expensive nonresident 
          tuition.  However, California does not require the student to be 
          continuously enrolled or extend the benefit when the Armed 
          Services member is transferred out of the state on permanent 
          duty, and California limits the benefit for graduate students to 
          two years for members of the Armed Services and one year for 
          their dependents.  UC, CSU and CCC have changed their practices 
          to reflect federal law.

           Related legislation  .  AB 853 (Blumenfield, 2011) includes the 
          continuous enrollment provision contained in this bill and will 
          be heard by this Committee on March 29, 2011.








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          Prior legislation  .  AB 1569 (Veterans Affairs Committee, 2011), 
          which was held in the Senate, included the continuous enrollment 
          provision contained in this bill.  AB 950 (Salas), Chapter 362, 
          Statutes of 2007, extended from one year to two years the period 
          of time that graduate students who are non-California members of 
          the United States Armed Forces stationed in California are 
          entitled to pay resident fees.

           Oppose unless amended  .  Several organizations have expressed 
          support for the military provisions of the bill but oppose the 
          AB 540 provisions.  These organizations include the California 
          Community College League, California Postsecondary Education 
          Commission, California State University, Faculty Association of 
          California Community Colleges, Hispanic Association of Colleges 
          and Universities, and University of California Student 
          Association.

           REGISTERED SUPPORT / OPPOSITION  :   

           Support 
           
          None on file.

           Opposition 
           
          American Civil Liberties Union
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees
          California Catholic Conference
          California Federation of Teachers
          California Immigrant Policy Center
          California Policy Immigrant Center
          Coalition for Human Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles
          Faculty Association of California Community Colleges
          Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities
          Mexican American Legal Defense Fund

           
          Analysis Prepared by  :    Sandra Fried / HIGHER ED. / (916) 
          319-3960