BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    �






                          SENATE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION
                              Alan Lowenthal, Chair
                             2011-12 Regular Session
                                         

          BILL NO:       AB 86
          AUTHOR:        Mendoza
          AMENDED:       June 6, 2011
          FISCAL COMM:   Yes            HEARING DATE:  June 15, 2011
          URGENCY:       No             CONSULTANT:Beth Graybill

           SUBJECT  :  Charter Schools:  Petitions.
          
           SUMMARY   

          This bill expands existing signature requirements for charter 
          school petitions to include classified employees and requires 
          the signature petitions to prominently display a statement 
          that classified employees signing the petition have a 
          meaningful interest in working at the charter school.  

           BACKGROUND  

          Existing law authorizes anyone to develop, circulate, and 
          submit a petition to establish a charter school.  Current law 
          requires charter developers to collect certain signatures in 
          support of the petition and requires petitions to include a 
          prominent statement that a signature means that the person 
          signing has a meaningful interest in teaching in or having 
          his or her children attend the school.  (Education Code � 
          47605)  

              For petitions that propose to establish a  new  charter 
               school, the charter developers must obtain the 
               signatures of either the parents of at least half of the 
               pupils expected to enroll at the school or half of the 
               teachers expected to be employed at the school during 
               its first year of operation.  

              For petitions that propose to convert an  existing  public 
               school to a charter school, the charter developer must 
               collect the signatures of not less than 50 percent of 
               the permanent status teachers at the school to be 
               converted.  

           ANALYSIS  




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           This bill  :  

          1)   Requires petitions that propose to establish a  new  
               charter school, to meet either of the following 
               signature requirements:  

               a)        The signatures of either the parents of at 
                    least half of the pupils expected to enroll at the 
                    school for its first year of operation, or  

               b)        A number of teachers and classified employees 
                    that combined is equivalent to at least one-half of 
                    the total number of teachers and 
                    classified employees that the charter school 
                    estimates will be employed at the school during its 
                    first year of operation.  

          2)   Requires a petition to convert an existing public school 
               to a charter school to be signed by a number of 
               permanent status teachers and permanent classified 
               employees that combined is equivalent to at least 
               one-half of the total number of permanent status 
               teachers and permanent classified employees that the 
               charter school estimates will be employed at the school 
               during its first year of operation.  

          3)   Requires petitions that include the signatures of 
               classified employees to include a prominent statement 
               specifying that the signature of a classified employee 
               means that the employee is meaningfully interested in 
               working at the charter school.  

           STAFF COMMENTS  

           1)   Need for the bill  :  The sponsor of this measure, Service 
               Employees International Union (SEIU), maintains that 
               although classified employees play an important role in 
               the operation of a school, they are generally not 
               represented in the petition process and do not have a 
               formal voice in decisions that may impact their 
               employment.  Proponents maintain that while current law 
               provides classified employees certain rights to be 
               reassigned to other positions in the district; they are 
               often at risk of losing their jobs during a charter 
               school conversion, a risk that has increased in recent 




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               years due to the fiscal constraints and layoffs many 
               districts have experienced.  The stated intent of AB 86 
               is to provide parity for classified employees by 
               entitling them to participate in a charter school 
               petition process in the same manner as permanent status 
               teachers.  

           2)   Classified employees  .  Employees in positions that do 
               not require certification are considered "classified" 
               staff, which may include paraprofessionals (teaching 
               assistants, teacher aids, pupil services aides, and 
               library aides), office/clerical staff and those that 
               have administrative support duties, and bus drivers, 
               custodians, and cafeteria workers.  The number of 
               permanent classified staff at any individual school 
               varies depending on the type and size of the school, 
               district resources, and the needs of students.  In many 
               schools, the number of classified staff is about half of 
               the number of teachers, and many classified staff are 
               not full-time.  For example, for the 2009-10 school 
               year, Burbank Elementary in the Long Beach Unified 
               School District had 36 teachers and 19 classified staff, 
               including 3 paraprofessionals, while C.K. McClatchy High 
               in the Sacramento Unified School District had 89 
               full-time teachers and 43 classified staff, of which 22 
               were paraprofessionals.  

           3)   Conversion charter petition process .  Current law 
               provides teachers the right to participate in a charter 
               petition process.  Certificated staff in non-teaching 
               positions such as school counselors, librarians, and 
               other certificated staff may sign petitions, they are 
               not specifically entitled by law to sign petitions to 
               convert an existing public school to a charter school.  
               Yet under the provisions of this bill, classified staff 
               in non-instruction related positions would be entitled 
               to sign a conversion petition.  By providing all 
               permanent classified staff the right to sign a petition, 
               this bill appears to give classified employees greater 
               rights in the petition process than certificated 
               employees.  Notwithstanding the important contributions 
               classified staff make to a learning community and the 
               operation of a school, it could be argued that the 
               required signatures should be limited to those who have 
               a meaningful interest of the instruction of students at 
               the school, such as the teaching staff who will be 




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               responsible for implementing the educational programs 
               and will be accountable for student outcomes, parents 
               who want their children to attend the school and are 
               also accountable for their pupil's success, and 
               paraeducators who assist with classroom learning.  
               Alternatively, if the author's intent is to provide 
               parity for employees in the charter petition process, 
               would it make sense to extend this entitlement to all 
               employees?  Staff recommends amendments to substitute 
               the term "non-supervisorial certificated staff" for the 
               term "teachers" in subparagraphs (1) and (2) of Section 
               47605(a).  

           4)   Technical amendment  .  This bill specifies that petitions 
               to convert a traditional public school into a charter 
               must be signed by at least half of the number of 
               permanent teachers and permanent classified staff that 
               the charter school estimates will be employed at the 
               school during its first year of operation.  Since this 
               provision applies to conversion charter schools, and the 
               intent is to require petitions to be signed by the 
               existing employees of the school being converted, staff 
               recommends a technical amendment to delete the language 
               "that the charter school estimates will be employed in 
               its first year of operation" and replace that language 
               with "currently employed at the public school to be 
               converted."  

           5)   Related and prior legislation  .  This bill is similar to 
               AB 2363 (Mendoza, 2010); which would have required 
               charter school petitioners to obtain the signatures of 
               half of the number of teachers and half of the number of 
               classified employees, as specified.  This bill was heard 
               by the Senate Education Committee and failed passage on 
               a 2-6 vote.  

          SB 433 (Liu) would require charter schools to comply with 
               state statutes governing the suspension and expulsion of 
               pupils.  This measure was heard in this Committee on May 
               4, 2011 and was held at the request of the author.  

          SB 645 (Simitian) establishes new academic criteria for 
               charter school renewals.  This measure was passed as 
               amended by this Committee on May 4, 2011 on a 7-1 vote.

          AB 401 (Ammiano) limits until January 1, 2017, the total 




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               number of charter schools authorized to operate at 1,450 
               and adds additional criteria relating to the disclosure 
               of relatives of charter school personnel.  This measure 
               is scheduled to be heard in this Committee on June 15, 
               2011.  

          AB 360 (Brownley) makes charter schools subject to the Ralph 
               M. Brown Act or Bagley-Keene Open Meeting Act, depending 
               on the entity operating the school.  Also subjects 
               charters to the California Public Records Act and the 
               Political Reform Act.  This measure is scheduled to be 
               heard in this Committee on June 15, 2011.  

          AB 440 (Brownley) establishes various academic and fiscal 
               accountability standards related to charter schools.  
          AB 1034 (Gatto) requires charter schools to report specified 
               information relating to pupil demographics and academic 
               progress, requires charter schools to collect data 
               regarding pupils who transfer out of the school, and 
               modifies existing law regarding charter school 
               admissions.  

          AB 1741 (Coto, 2010), would have required charter schools 
               that expect 15% of their pupil population to be English 
               learners to meet additional petition requirements 
               relating to the education of those students.  This bill 
               was heard and passed as amended by the Senate Education 
               Committee and was subsequently held in the Senate Rules 
               Committee.  

          AB 1982 (Ammiano, 2010), would have limited until January 1, 
               2017, the total number of charter schools authorized to 
               operate at 1450 and prohibits charter schools operated 
               by a private entity from employing relatives, as 
               specified.  This bill was heard by the Senate Education 
               Committee and failed passage on a 3-4 vote.  

          AB 1991 (Arambula, 2010) would have authorized charter school 
               renewals to be granted for five to ten years.  This bill 
               failed passage in the Assembly Education Committee.  

          AB 2320 (Swanson, 2010) would have added new requirements to 
               the charter school petition process, deletes the 
               authority of a charter school petitioner to submit a 
               petition to a County Board of Education to serve pupils 
               that would otherwise be served by the County Office of 




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               Education, and eliminates the ability of the State Board 
               of Education to approve charter school petition appeals. 
                This bill was heard by the Senate Education Committee 
               and failed passage on a 2-3 vote.  

          AB 572 (Brownley, 2009) would have required charter schools 
               to comply with the Brown Act open meeting law, the 
               California Public Records Act, and the Political Reform 
               Act.  This bill was passed by the Senate Education 
               Committee and subsequently vetoed by Governor 
               Schwarzenegger.  

          ABX5 8 (Brownley, Fifth extraordinary session of 2009) would 
               have deleted the cap on charter schools and would have 
               made other changes to provisions governing audit and 
               fiscal standards, and the authorization, renewal and 
               revocation of charter schools.  The Senate Education 
               Committee hearing for this bill was canceled at the 
               request of the author and the bill was subsequently held 
               by the Committee.  


           SUPPORT
           
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, 
          AFL-CIO
          Association of California School Administrators
          California Charter Schools Association 
          California Labor Federation
          California School Employees Association
          Service Employees International Union

           OPPOSITION
           
          Charter Schools Development Center