BILL ANALYSIS �
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THIRD READING
Bill No: ACR 74
Author: Alejo (D), et al.
Amended: 8/22/11 in Assembly
Vote: 21
ASSEMBLY FLOOR : Read and adopted, 8/18/11
SUBJECT : Filipino Americans
SOURCE : Author
DIGEST : This resolution expresses the Legislature's
apology, on behalf of the people of the state, for
violations of the civil liberties and constitutional rights
of Filipino Americans caused by antimiscegenation laws that
precluded marriage between Filipinos and Caucasians; and
its regret, on behalf of the people of the state, for the
suffering and hardship endured by Filipino Americans as a
result of governmental actions taken because of various
policies and laws it enacted.
ANALYSIS :
This resolution makes the following legislative findings:
1. Filipino Americans endured past transgressions and
wrongs committed against them through the implementation
of state policies and the passage of certain laws,
including the segregation of Filipino Americans through
the use of separate public facilities and targeted
CONTINUED
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policies; and in 1921, the California Legislature passed
an amendment to the Political Code that allowed the
legal establishment of separate schools for children of
Chinese, Japanese, Indian, or Mongolian heritage.
2. Anti-Filipino vigilante groups committed acts of
violence due to the beliefs that Filipino field laborers
were intermingling with Caucasian women, depressing
wages in the harvest fields, and taking jobs belonging
to Americans; and in 1930, the most explosive
anti-Filipino riot occurred in Watsonville, culminated
in the killing of Fermin Tobera, and spread throughout
central California.
3. In 1933, the California Legislature amended its
antimiscegenation law to cause any marriage of
Caucasians with "negroes, Mongolians, members of the
Malay race, or mulattoes to be illegal and void"; and in
1934, the federal government passed the Tydings-McDuffie
Act, also known as the Philippine Independence Act,
which limited Filipino immigration to 50 persons per
year and considered citizens of the Philippine Island
who were not citizens of the United States to be aliens.
4. In 1935, the United States Congress passed the Filipino
Repatriation Act, which encouraged Filipinos to return
to the Philippines voluntarily; however, those who
wanted to return were subject to the 50-person quota
established in the Tydings-McDuffie Act.
FISCAL EFFECT : Fiscal Com.: No
SUPPORT : (Verified 8/31/11)
Philippine National Day Association
Filipina Women's Network
Filipino American Service Group, Inc.
PQ:do 8/31/11 Senate Floor Analyses
SUPPORT/OPPOSITION: SEE ABOVE
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